math guide - 34.3

Figure 34.1 The greek alphabet

• The constants listed are amount some of the main ones, other values can be derived through calculation using modern calculators or computers. The values are typically given with more than 15 places of accuracy so that they can be used for double precision calculations.

e	= 2.7182818	= lim		1 n	= natural logarithm base
				1 + --
		n → ∞		n
π	= 3.1415927	= pi
γ = 0.57721566		= Eulers constant
1radian = 57.29578°

Figure 34.2 Some universal constants

34.1.2Basic Operations

•These operations are generally universal, and are described in sufficient detail for

our use.

•Basic properties include,

commutative	a + b = b + a
distributive	a( b + c) = ab + ac
associative	a( bc) = ( ab) c	a + ( b + c) = ( a + b) + c

Figure 34.3 Basic algebra properties