- •Передмова
- •Lesson 1 computer software the reading module
- •I.Read the text:
- •The speaking module
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 2
- •The reading module
- •I. Read the text:
- •II. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 3 operating system the reading module
- •I.Read the text:
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking modulee
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 4 common operating systems (Part 1- ms-dos and windows) the reading module
- •I. Read the text:
- •The speaking module
- •The writing module
- •IV.Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 5
- •The speaking module
- •The writing module
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 6 system utilities programs the reading module
- •The speaking module
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •IV.Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 7 what is a user interface? the reading module
- •I.Read the text:
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •The writing module
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 8 device drivers and interrupts the reading module
- •I.Read the text:
- •The speaking module
- •III.Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •Lesson 9 the system kernel the reading module
- •I.Read the text:
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •The writing module
- •IV.Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 10 software engineering the reading module
- •I.Read the text:
- •Speaking module
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •IV.Writing module
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •IV.Writing exercises:
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •III.Speaking exercises:
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •III.Speaking exercises:
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •II. Reading exercises:
- •III. Speaking exercises:
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •III.Speaking exercises:
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •III.Speaking exercises:
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •II.Reading exercises:
- •III.Speaking exercises:
- •IV. Writing exercises:
- •Список літератури:
Передмова
Метою «Методичних вказівок» є формування впродовж 72 годин аудиторних занять у студентів (вхідний рівень володіння мовою – В1) вмінь та навичок читання, письма та говоріння за тематикою спеціальності «Системне програмне забезпечення» на ІІ курсі спеціальності «Компютерні науки» (вихідний рівень володіння мовою – В2). За рахунок тренування і виконання читання текстів і комунікативних завдань студенти зможуть досягти практичного володіння англійською мовою за фахом.
Практичне володіння іноземною мовою в рамках даного курсу припускає наявність таких умінь в різних видах мовної комунікації, які дають можливість: вільно читати оригінальну літературу іноземною мовою у відповідній галузі знань; оформляти витягнуту з іноземних джерел інформацію у вигляді перекладу або резюме; робити повідомлення і доповіді іноземною мовою на теми, пов’язані з науковою роботою майбутнього фахівця; вести бесіду за фахом.
Кожний урок складається з тексту й комплексу мовних вправ, які розраховані на удосконалення навичок активізації словарного і граматичного мінімуму професійного спрямування.
«Методичні вказівки» забезпечують підготовку до міжнародного усного і письмового спілкування англійською мовою для спеціальних цілей, а саме – оволодіння лексичними, граматичними і стилістичними навичками, а також умінням розмовляти, читати, переписуватися, перекладати, конспектувати, згортати і розгортати усну і письмову англомовну інформацію наукового функціонального стилю, що передбачено вимогами Програми вивчення іноземних мов у нефілологічному Вузі.
Lesson 1 computer software the reading module
I.Read the text:
Computer software or just software is a general term used to describe a collection of computer programs, procedures and documentation that perform some tasks on a computer system. It plays an important role in computer-based information systems because hardware would be useless without it. Software comprises the instructions that tell the hardware what to do. This term includes application software such as word processors which perform productive tasks for users, system software such as operating systems, which interface with hardware to provide the necessary services for application software, and middleware which controls and co-ordinates distributed systems.
Applications software is a collection of related programs designed to perform a specific task—to solve a particular problem for the user. Typical applications include: industrial automation, business software, educational software, medical software, databases, and computer games. Businesses are probably the biggest users of application software, but almost every field of human activity now uses some form of application software.
Systems software starts up (boots) the computer and functions as the principal coordinator of all the hardware components and applications software programs. It includes: operating systems, device drivers, diagnostic tools, servers, windowing systems, utilities and more. The purpose of systems software is to insulate the applications programmer as much as possible from the details of the particular computer complex being used, especially memory and other hardware features, and such as accessory devices as communications, printers, readers, displays, keyboards, etc.
Middleware controls and co-ordinates distributed systems. The software consists of a set of enabling services that allow multiple processes running on one or more machines to interact across a network
The six major categories of applications software are general business management, industry-specific, special disciplines, education, personal/home management, and general- purpose for the user.
Software includes websites, programs, video games etc. that are coded by programming languages like C, C++, etc.
Computer software encompasses an extremely wide array of products and technologies developed using different techniques like programming languages, scripting languages etc. Software usually runs on a software platform which can either be provided by the operating System or by OS independent platforms like Java and .NET. Software written for one platform is usually unable to run on other platforms so that for instance, Microsoft Windows software will not be able to run on Mac OS because of the differences relating to the platforms and their own standards. These applications can work using software porting, interpreters or re-writing the source code for that platform.
At the lowest level, software consists of a machine language specific to an individual processor. A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions which change the state of the computer from its preceding state. Software is an ordered sequence of instructions for changing the state of the computer hardware in a particular sequence. It is usually written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for humans to use (closer to natural language) than machine language. High-level languages are compiled or interpreted into machine language object code. Software may also be written in an assembly language, essentially, a mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet. Assembly language must be assembled into object code via an assembler.
II. Reading exercises:
Exercise1. Read and memorize using the dictionary:
Middleware, diagnostic tools, accessory devices, utilities, to insulate, binary values, scripting languages, to encompass, to compile, interpret, mnemonic, multiple, software porting
Exercise 2. Answer the questions:
1. What is computer software, application software, system software, middleware?
2. What are the six major categories of applications?
3. What does the software at the lowest level consist of?
4. What are high-level languages compiled into?
5. Why is system software so important to a computer system?
Exercise 3. Match the left part with the right:
|
1. Software plays an important role in computer-based information system because |
a. the applications programmer from the details of the particular computer complex being used. |
|
2. The purpose of systems software is to insulate |
b. machine language object code. |
|
3. At the lowest level, software consists of |
c. a machine language specific to an individual processor. |
|
4. High-level languages are compiled or interpreted into |
d. hardware would be useless without it. |
Exercise 4. Open brackets using the right words:
1. Software comprises the instructions that tell (the hardware/the middleware/the printer) what to do.
2. Systems software (starts up\ damages) the computer and functions as the principal coordinator of all the (program\ hardware\peripheral) components and applications software programs.