• obviously

• It is clear that…

• on the one hand

• on the other hand

• it is evident that…

• it is known that…

• it should be pointed out…

• in fact

• thus

• so

and retell the text.

9. Match the words and their definitions:

1. human behaviour	a) ежедневное существование
2. basic problems	b) человеческое поведение
3. subject matter	c) социология
4. social sciences	d) неограниченные потребности
5. scarcity of resources	e) общественные науки
6. daily living	f) дефицит ресурсов
7. limitless desires	g) тема, предмет обсуждения
8. social science	h) основные проблемы

10. Fill in the gaps with the following words and expressions:

physical commodities subject matter scarce resources

Virtually limitless desires social sciences human behaviour

activities daily living

1. Every group of people must solve three basic problems of _____________________ what goods and services to produce, how to produce these goods and services and for whom to produce them.

2. By goods we mean _______________________ such as steel, cars and strawberries.

3. By services we mean __________________ such as massages or live thea-tre performances.

4. By emphasizing the role of society, our definition places economics within the ________________ that study and explain human behavior.

5. The ____________________ of economics is that part of human behavior which relates to the production, exchange and use of goods and services.

6. The central economic problem for society is how to reconcile the conflict between people's _____________________ for goods and services, and the scarcity of resources (labor, machinery, and raw materials) with which people produce these goods and services.

7. Economics answers the questions of what, how and for whom to produce and this explains the way of allocation of ___________________ between competing claims on their use.

8. Economists aim to develop theories of ____________________ and to test them against the facts.

11. Answer the questions:

1. What is economics?

a) the science about the role of society;

b) the science about the production of goods and services;

c) the study of how society decides service problems;

d) the study of how society decides what, how and for whom to produce.

2. What do we mean by goods and services?

a) physical commodities and activities;

b) different types of clothes and goods;

c) the production of cars, trains;

d) theatre performances.

3. What is the subject matter of economics?

a) the production of goods and services;

b) how to produce goods and services;

c) that part of human behaviour which relates to the production, exchange and use of goods and services;

d) human relations.

4. What does economics explain?

a) what, how and for whom to produce goods and services;

b) human behaviour;

c) how to produce, exchange and use goods and services;

d) the allocation of scarce resources between competing claims on their use.

5. Does economics ignore people as individuals?

a) economics ignores people as individuals;

b) economists aim to develop theories of human behaviour and they ignore people as individuals;

c) as good economics retains an element of art, it ignores people as indi-viduals;

d) economists analyse problems and develop theories of human behaviour and they don't ignore people as individuals.

12. Read the text: