2. Circle the letter of the best answer.

1. When a fear becomes a phobia, it may be a good idea to seek__________.

a) crowded spaces b) treatment c) encounters

2. An irrational fear is___________.

a) a logical fear b) a strong fear c) a fear that is not logical

3. Altering your lifestyle means _________ your lifestyle.

a) being afraid of b)enjoying c) changing

4. Therapists try to replace the fear with a feeling of __________.

a) relaxation b) phobia c) exposure

5. Which world means the same as observe?

a) listen b) watch c) talk to

6. Patients may also watch __________ act normally.

a) models b) situations c) objects

7. “They will imitate these people” means they will _________these people.

a) change b) fear c) copy

8. A helmet is like ________.

a) scarf b) a hat c) a pair of headphones

9. If a patient’s heat rate gets too high, it probably means that he or she is ____.

a) relaxed b) happy c) afraid

10. The main idea of this passage is: _________.

a) There is a difference between a fear and a phobia.

b) Therapists use different methods to treat phobias.

c) Everyone should see a therapist if they are afraid.

3. Complete the following sentences using suitable words or phrases from the box and translate them.

fear relaxation treatment rate

1. A phobia is more than just being afraid, it is uncontrollable, irrational ____ of a specific thing.

2. Therapists try to replace the feeling of fear with a feeling of _____ .

3. During ______ , patients wear virtual reality helmets on their head.

4. The therapist also pays attention to the patient’s heart ____ .

IV. Speaking

1. In pairs, use these questions to interview your partner.

1. Have you had any phobias? Do you know anyone with a phobia?

2. Can you think of other methods for treating a phobia? Describe your method.

3. How do you think phobias develop?

2.Think of some other common phobias. Create a fun “medical” term for the phobias. The words you invent should end in – phobia.

UNIT 4

Take Two Friends And Call Me in the Morning

I. Vocabulary focus

1. Useful words for learning.

to contribute - способствовать

conventional - обычный, традиционный

to became aware of - знать, сознавать

due to - благодаря

nevertheless - несмотря на, однако, тем не менее

mistrust - недоверие

enormously - чрезвычайно

to deny - отрицать

2. Here are five phrasal verbs for you to learn. Study their meanings.

to look for - to try to find somebody or something

to turn out - to develop in a particular way or to have a particular result

to recover from - to become healthy again after an illness

to stay with - to live or remain in a place for a while as a guest

to lead to - to begin a process that caused something to happen

3. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs from the list.

1. I spent most of the morning ________ my passport.

2. There is no doubt that stress can _______to physical illness.

3. I haven’t fully ______the flu.

4. The car ________ to be more expensive than we thought.

5. How long is he planning _______you?

4. Unscramble these words.

1. t i r t p a m o n

2. h e a h t l

3. r e s e a r c r h e

4. a i s e s e d

III. Reading

1. Read and translate the text. What does it say about community and being healthy?

Dr. Dean Ornish, a specialist in heart disease, developed a program for people who were recovering from heart attacks. The program includes a special diet, an exercise routine, and training in stress management. As a way of motivating his patients to stay with the program, Dr. Ornish organized support groups for them. The patients lived together for a week; then, they continued meeting twice a week in the evening. At the beginning, Dr. Ornish thought of the support groups as a way to help his patients with the other parts of the program; little by little, however, he came to believe that the group support was one of the most important parts of the program. Spending time with other patients actually contributed to the patients’ good health. Dr. Ornish wrote about the experience in his book Dr. Dean Ornish’s Program for Reversing Heart Disease.

Like many other health practitioners – of both conventional and alternative therapies – Dr. Ornish believes that social isolation is a major factor contributing to heart disease and to many other health problems. Feelings of isolation lead to health problems; on the other hand, strong social connections keep people healthy.

Medical researchers in the United States first became aware of the healing power of community in the 1960s. Researchers noticed that people in a small Pennsylvania town called Roseto lived longer and` were much healthier than people in nearby towns. But when the researchers looked for an explanation for the townspeople’s good health, they found no difference in the health habits of the Roseto residents. In fact, their health habits were very much the same as the people in the other towns. It seemed as if their good health was due to pure luck. The researchers continued looking for an explanation, and the one major difference turned out to be the strong sense of community in Roseto. Connections to family and friends were much stronger in Roseto than in the other towns.

These studies (and many similar studies) surprised researchers at first, but now very few doctors would deny the importance of social connections. Of course, we cannot all move to towns like Roseto, and many of us wouldn’t want to! Nevertheless, there are small ways we can apply what was learned in these studies to our lives.

Spending too much time alone weakens the body’s ability to fight disease. It also increases heart rate and causes feelings of depressions. Spending time with friends and family has the opposite effect. In our busy lives, how can we create a stronger sense of community with the people around us? Here are a few suggestions.

- Do something. Taking action contributes more than just talking. When we take the time to help someone in a real way, it shows that we really care.

- Keep promises. Breaking promises is the fastest way to destroy trust, and trust is the foundation of community. If you say you will do something, do it.

- Avoid secrets. Too many secrets create an atmosphere of mistrust. On the other hand, sharing information shows a desire to include other people.

- Listen. When someone has a problem, talking about it can help enormously. Listening shows that you are cared.

There are, of course, bigger steps we can take toward building community, but these four suggestions are possible for anyone. Rome wasn’t built in a day, and we can only build our communities one step at a time.