- •1 Business Organization
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •5 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: economic - economical, economics – economy
- •Grammar: Present Simple vs Present Continuous We use the Present Simple (V / Vs):
- •2 Business Organization and the Economy
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •Grammar: Past Simple vs Past Continuous We use the Past Simple:
- •We use the Past Continuous:
- •3 Ownership
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar: Present Perfect – Теперішній доконаний час (1)
- •4 Business Relationship
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur after "company".Find combinations that mean:
- •3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •We use the Present Perfect Simple:
- •1 Choose the correct verb form:
- •3 Make sentences about the following people:
- •5 Put for or since into each gap. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •6 Ask these people questions about their experiences:
- •7 Open the brackets. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •5 Companies’ Restructuring
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar: Present Perfect vs Past Simple
- •1 Choose the correct verb form to complete these dialogues. Practise saying the dialogues in pairs:
- •2 Cross out the sentence which has a mistake:
- •3 Open the brackets using Past Simple or Present Perfect:
- •6 Organizational Structure
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur before "manager". Find combinations that mean:
- •3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition:
- •5 Choose the correct word:
- •Grammar: Present Perfect Continuous – Теперішній перфектно-тривалий час
- •We use the Present Perfect Continuous:
- •7 Employment
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur after "job".Find combinations that mean:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •6 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: to provide - to secure - to ensure
- •Grammar: Past Perfect – Минулий доконаний час (1)
- •8 Human Resources
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •5 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: employer - employee
- •1 Make sentences from the chart:
- •2 Put numbers in the brackets to show the order in which each action happened:
- •3 Put the verbs in brackets one in the Past Simple and one in the Past Perfect:
- •4 Open the brackets using Past Perfect or Past Simple:
- •5 Translate into English using the Past Perfect Tense:
- •6 Write down five things you had or hadn’t done by 10 pm yesterday.
- •9 Recruitment Procedure
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar: Past Tenses (Simple / Continuous / Perfect)
- •1 Complete the sentences with the verb in bold in either the Past Simple or the Past Perfect:
- •2 Past Simple or Past Continuous? Underline the correct tense:
- •3 Put the verb in brackets in either the Past Simple or Past Perfect Simple:
- •4 Complete these sentences. Use past tenses only and add any other words that are necessary:
- •5 Open the brackets using either Past Simple, Past Continuous, or Past Perfect:
- •10 Applying For a Job: Interviewing
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •5 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: power – strength
- •Grammar: Past Perfect Continuous – Минулий перфектно-тривалий час
- •11 Applying For a Job: Writing a Resume
- •Grammar: Tense Revision (Present Time)
- •12 Applying For a Job: cv
- •1 Read the sections of a cv (a-h) and match them with the headings (1-8):
- •2 Complete (1-5) with the highlighted words from the cv above:
- •3 Work in pairs. Look at these 'rules' for writing a cv. Which ones do you agree with? Why?
- •International marketing manager
- •Curriculum Vitae vs Resume?
- •13 Executive Pay
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur after "pay".Find combinations that mean:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •6 Complete the sentences using these often confused words: salary - income - pay - wage
- •Grammar: Tenses used to describe Future
- •14 Leaving a Job
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •3 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar: Майбутній доконаний час – Future Perfect
- •1 Use the future perfect (simple or continuous) to put the beginnings and ends together:
- •2 A romantic novelist writes 300-page books. She writes ten pages a day, and takes no holidays. Use the future perfect to answer the questions:
- •3 Complete the following sentences with a verb in the Future Perfect Simple or Continuous:
- •4 Answer the questions about you. What will you have done…
- •15 The economy
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •Grammar: Future Continuous vs Future Perfect
- •16 What is economics?
- •I. Translate into English:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •Grammar: Future Simple / Continuous / Perfect
- •1 Put the beginnings and ends together. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •3 Complete the sentences using future continuous or future perfect:
- •4 Read the conversation and choose the correct form of the future. Practise the dialogue in pairs:
- •5 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future form:
- •17 Macroeconomics and microeconomics
- •Grammar: Часи групи Perfect Continuous
- •1 Put together the beginnings and ends of the conversations. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •2 Complete the sentences using the present perfect continuous tense of the verbs below:
- •3 Read the story and answer the questions using the past perfect continuous:
- •5 How long will you have been learning English / using your computer (mobile phone) / going to college / saving money for something you’d like to have / living in your present house by next summer?
- •18 The economy of ukraine
- •Grammar: Tense Revision Test (1)
- •19 The economy of the united kingdom
- •Grammar: Tense Revision Test (2)
- •20 Markets and market orientation
- •1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
- •2 The words in the box frequently occur after "sector". Find combinations that mean:
- •4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian
- •Grammar: Active Tenses – Revision
- •3 Open the brackets using future simple or future continuous:
- •4 Translate the sentences into English:
- •21 National-income accounting
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Grammar 1: Типи питальних речень
- •1 Make questions and define their type. Write possible answers. Translate the questions into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar 2: Negative questions – Питально-заперечні речення
- •2 Write informal negative questions to ask somebody:
- •3 Use negative questions to confirm the following ideas. Be careful with the tenses.
- •4 Use negative questions to confirm the following ideas:
- •5 Write possible short answers to the negative questions. Translate the questions into Ukrainian.
- •22 Taxes
- •Grammar: Revision of articles – Вживання артиклів
- •3 Відсутність артикля
- •2 Find one mistake in each sentence:
- •3 Put a / an, the, or nothing (-). Explain your choice:
- •4 Put the correct article where necessary:
- •5 A, an, the or - (nothing)?
- •23 Supply, demand and market prices
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Grammar: Passive Voice (Simple) – Пасивний стан групи Simple
- •24 Wholesaling
- •Grammar: Passive Voice (Continuous) – Пасивний стан групи Continuous
- •25 Retail trade
- •Grammar: Passive Voice (Perfect) – Пасивний стан групи Perfect
- •26 Labour and capital
- •Grammar: Passive Tenses – Revision (1)
- •27 Inflation
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Grammar: Passive Tenses – Revision (2)
- •1 Choose the correct answers. Explain your choice:
- •2 Complete the sentences using the words in the brackets in the Passive Voice and define their tense:
2 Business Organization and the Economy
classify industry
raw materials assemble finished products manufacturing sector wholesale trade retail trade service sector own (v) |
класифікувати промисловість, індустрія, галузь промисловості сировинні матеріали збирати готові вироби виробничий сектор оптова торгівля роздрібна торгівля сектор послуг володіти |
private sector enterprise pursue (v) regulation restriction public sector nationalize sell-off privatize supply (n) utilities |
приватний сектор підприємство переслідувати (інтереси) регулювання обмеження державний сектор націоналізувати розпродаж приватизувати постачання комунальні послуги |
Businesses maybe classified according to which industry they are in: for example, construction, oil, banking, food.
All the companies which make goods from raw materials or assemble components into finished products work in the manufacturing sector.
All the companies which provide services in areas such as tourism, banking and finance, communications, wholesale and retail trade work in the service sector.
Besides, a company may be owned by the state, or by private individuals. Privately-owned and run companies work in the private sector.
A private enterprise is a system that allows individuals within a society to pursue their own interest without governmental regulation or restriction. State-owned and run organizations are in the public sector.
When a private company is bought by the state and brought into public sector, it is nationalized in a process of nationalization. A nationalized company is state-owned.
When the state returns a company to the private sector in a sell-off, it is privatized. This is privatization. The first to be sold off in a privatization programme are often the companies responsible for the public supply of electricity, water and gas: the public utilities.
1 What principle may businesses be classified to?2 What companies work in the manufacturing sector?3 What companies work in the service sector?4 What companies work in the private /public sector?5 What is a private enterprise?6 When is a private company considered to be nationalized?7 When is a company considered to be privatized?8 What companies are the first to be sold off in a privatization programme?
1 Match words that have a similar meaning:
own goods enterprise allow in charge of limitation |
company permit possess commodities restriction responsible |
2 The words in the box frequently occur before "sector". Find combinations that mean: 1) all the companies which assemble components into finished products, or which make goods from raw materials; 2) all the companies which provide services in areas such as tourism, banking and finance, wholesale and retail trade; 3) state-owned and run organizations, e.g. |
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government departments, and nationalized industries; 4) privately-owned and run companies; 5) all the companies which provide insurance; 6) all the companies selling goods to the general public.
3 Match the words and phrases in the box with the correct definition: 1) the sale of goods in large amounts, and usually at lower prices, to stores and businesses; 2) organized activity producing goods and services, e.g. food, banking, tobacco; 3) a natural substance, e.g. wool, coal, used to make something in an industrial process; 4) the sale of goods to the general public; 5) controlling; making sure that |
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an organization or a service works fairly and well; 6) a limit on something; 7) one of the services supplying the public with gas, water, electricity, transport; 8) the sale of a business or service owned by the government to private owners; 9) the process of bringing a company, or different companies in the same industry, under government control; 10) a system for delivering goods or services.
4 Choose the correct word from the box to complete the gaps. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
Sold off, regulation, restrictions, enterprise, assemble, owns, pursuing, private property, raw material, industry, service sector, electronic sector. |
1 Many young people are taking jobs in the rapidly growing......- banking, computer programming, financial services. 2 The computer ... needs more people with advanced technical skills. 3 Wood is the......used to make paper. 4 .......is the right to buy, own, use and sell almost any item. 5 She is ... her own interest. 6 She ... a bookstore. 7 The workers in that factory ... trucks. 8 His ... is located in the financial district. 9 ... don't allow workers to use company cars for personal use. 10 ... of the banks is done by the government. 11 He......his computers after going out of business. 12 The......is powerful in the USA.
5 Fill in the missing prepositions: (in-4, up, of-5).
To say that privatization is unpopular ... Britain is to say nothing. Every week .brings fresh outrage tales ... bosses ... privatized firms picking ... huge pay rises while sacking employees and cutting the pay ... those who remain.
The ordinary man, who has never liked privatization, wants the water and electricity industries to be renationalized. So what can be said ... defence ... privatization? Actually a great deal. A few years ago many Britain's firms working ... public sector were losing large sums ... money.
After they were privatized, most companies became more profitable. Most had higher sales and a higher share price than ... their first year after privatization.