V варіант
Завдання № 1
Перепишіть, перекладіть українською/російською мовою та вивчіть слова з тексту
highly qualified specialists
each consequent generation
country’s productivity
attraction of investments
low value added good
highly educated and active population
country of origin
deficit of skilled labor
increases hiring costs
domestic companies
experience difficulties
costs of goods and services
less competitive on the global market
a great deal of money
social expenses
state support
fruits of its labors
investments into human capital
potential benefits
emigration of highly qualified personnel
Завдання № 2
Прочитайте, перепишіть та перекладіть українською/російською мовою текст
Arguments AGAINST the motion
Emigration of highly qualified specialists depletes human capital. A vicious circle is created, when each consequent generation has to learn from people with lower and lower qualifications. As a result, the country’s productivity falls and its competitiveness in attraction of investments into high-tech industries decreases. In this situation, the economy gets locked in low value added good production. If a country loses a critical mass of highly educated and active population, it gets into a spiral of degrading labor force and production, and will need much greater resources to reverse the process and persuade talented people to return to their country of origin.
‘Brain drain’ leads to degradation of a country’s human capital and economic potential. The deficit of skilled labor spurred by emigration increases hiring costs for domestic companies, many of which experience difficulties in finding qualified professionals and have themselves to attract people from abroad. It increases the costs of goods and services, making them less competitive on the global market. Moreover, the skill deficit in public administration lowers the effectiveness of public service and hinders the process of reforms. The deficit of personnel increases costs and hampers the process of economic reforms. Countries spend a great deal of money on creating medical, educational and scientific infrastructures to foster a high-quality national labor force. Ukraine spends about one third of its budget on these kinds of social expenses. If highly qualified specialists, who developed in the country with the help of state support, leave for other countries, the country cannot capitalize on its investments, other economies will enjoy the fruits of its labors. The country fails to capitalize on its investments into human capital
The issue of the potential benefits for Ukraine from emigration of highly qualified personnel will be discussed in the future.
Завдання № 3
Визначить основну думку тексту та запишіть її англійською мовою
Завдання № 4
Складіть 5 розгорнутих речень з використанням слів із вправи № 1
Завдання № 5
Перекладіть фрази із словника ділової кореспонденції та вивчіть їх
1. We apologize for…
Please accept our apologies for…
2. We regret (We are sorry) to learn from your letter of … that…
3. We are sorry are unable to meet your request…
4. We enclose (are closing) a copy of a letter from… about… (in connection with)
5. As to (as regards, with regards to your request (your order, your claim)…
6. The matter is…
The point is…
7. We believe…
We think…
We feel…
8. We are looking forward to [receiving] your consent (approval, confirmation)
9. Further you write…
Moreover…
Nevertheless…
10. In case of your failure to make payment[s]…
Should you fail to make payment[s]…
Завдання № 6
Перекладіть письмо на російську/українську мову
Dear Sirs,
For your record, we have received your order № 248.
We are interested in discussing the terms of delivery as soon as possible. In accordance with terms of our previous agreement you will be given a discount of 15%.
We are pleased to inform you that “Prominvestbank” is a first class bank and enjoys the best reputation.
Thank you for your interest to our firm.
Yours truly,
Завдання № 7
Напишіть свою відповідь на лист з вправи № 5
Завдання № 8
Виберіть правильний варіант та переведіть речення
1. The value of most companies … considerably over the last few years.
a) have fallen
b) had fallen
c) has fallen
d) fell
2. By the time they got to the flat it already … .
a) was rented
b) has been rented
c) had been rented
d) was being rented
3. The seller said he … give me a lower price.
a) can’t
b) couldn’t
c) won’t
d) doesn’t
4. People would buy more branded goods, if they … so expensive.
a) are not
b) wasn’t
c) were not
d) won’t
5. If electronic markets didn’t exist , the consumers … less choice.
a) will have
b) have
c) had
d) would have
6.The work … two days ago.
a) was done
b) will be done
c) were done
d) has been done
7. If we came down in salary, … you be prepared to increase our health benefits?
a) would
b) are
c) will
d) would have
8. If you … increase the salary, I’m afraid we won’t be able to take up these contracts.
a) don’t
b) won’t
c) didn’t
d) wouldn’t
9. I’m not sure if we … sign today or tomorrow.
a) will be going
b) are going to
c) is going to
d) were going to
10. He promised he … back soon.
a) had come
b) came
c) would come
d) will come