Практичне заняття № 3

Тема:Дослідження американського континенту. Політична система країни та економічний розвиток США.

Граматика: Теперішній подовжений час. Present Continuous Tense План роботи

1. Ex. 1.Study the words from the text about the USA:

moderateclimateпомірний клімат

toextendпростягатися

tributaryпритока

depositsпоклади

non-ferrousmetalsкольорові метали

legislativebranchзаконодавча гілка

executivebranchвиконавча гілка

judicialbranchсудова гілка

commander-in-chiefголовнокомандувач

toelectобирати

electionsвибори

leapyearвисокосний рік

HouseofRepresentativesПалата Представників

toadoptaConstitutionприйняти Конституцію

courtсуд

lawзакон

torepresent представляти

coatofarmsгерб

motto девіз

Ex.2.Read and translate the text, use the given words to complete the sentences:

varied, landscape, consists of, rivers, covers, contain, situated, borders, population, mountains, washed, extend.

Geographical Position

The US (1 consists of50 states and (2)borders9.6 million square kilometers making it the third largest country in the world. The country’s size means that its climate and (3)landscapeare very (4)varied. The (5)population is more than 315 million people. Being (6) situated in the central part of the North American Continent, it also includes Alaska in the north and Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. It (7) covers on Canada and on Mexico and is (8) washed by the Pacific Ocean in the west, by the Gulf of Mexico in the south and by the Arctic Ocean in the north.

The highest (9) mountains in the USA are the Cordilleras which run along the western coast and include the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada. Across the eastern part of the country from north to south the Appalachian Mountains (10) extend. They are rather low but rich in deposits of mineral resources such as oil and gas, coal, iron, gold, silver, non-ferrous metals.

The largest (11) rivers of the USA are the Mississippi with its tributary Missouri, the Rio Grande, the Yukon, the Columbia and the Colorado. The Great Lakes (Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior) are situated in the north-east of the country on the border with Canada. They (12) contain 21% of the world’s surface fresh water supply.

Ex. 3. Read the text about the state system of the USA and compare it with the Ukrainian one. Fill in the following table:

	The USA	Ukraine
Type	Federal republic
Number of constituent parts
The head of the state
Elections
Parliament
Parliamentary Elections
Constitution

State Structure

The USA is a federal republic made up of 50 states and the District of Columbia where the capital of the country, Washington, is situated. American Constitution is the oldest written national constitution in use. It was adopted in 1789 and has been amended only 26 times since then.

The President is the head of the State. He is also Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the USA. The President and Vice-President are elected for a term of four years. No person can be elected to the office of President more than twice. The presidential elections are held in two stages: first electors are chosen in their respective states, and these elect the President and Vice-President. Presidential elections take place on the first Monday after the first Tuesday in November of a leap year.

All legislative powers are centred in Congress which consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Members of the House of Representatives (435 persons) are chosen every second year. Senators (100 persons) are elected for a term of six years, two senators from each state. Capitol is the place where members of the Senate and the House of Representatives meet.

Every state has its own constitution and legislative and executive bodies. There is an elected governor at the head of each state. States enjoy independence in their domestic affairs, including financial matters. However, state laws and actions of the state authorities must not conflict with the Constitution of the USA.

Ex.3.Study the pictures of American symbols and read an article about them: