uchebnik-po-angliyskomu-yaziku-dlya-gumanitariev

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20. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную форму:

1. He works at the same factory. 2. My brother tells us nice stories. 3. I speak English well. 4. My sister helps me (to) do my homework. 5. Those foreign students speak Russian. 6. The librarian helps us (to) choose books for home reading. 7. We listen to his lectures on Sundays. 8. He reviews the words every day. 9. Mary shows me her new pictures.

21. Переведите на английский язык:

1. Он не учится в институте. 2. Ее брат не работает на том же самом заводе. Он работает на другом заводе. 3. Она не читает эти книги. 4. Они не говорят по русски. 5. Я не пишу ему писем. 6. Мы не кладем книги на полку. 7. Я не вижу его по понедельникам.

Step 46

Present Indefinite (Simple) Tense. Вопросительная форма. Общие и альтернативные вопросы (§ 43)

We speak Russian. — Do we speak Russian? She speaks Russian. — Does she speak Russian?

Do´ you study´ English? — Yes, I do. — No, I do not. Does´ your sister´ study´ English? — Yes, she does. No, she does not.

Does´ your daughter´ study´ English or Russian? — She studies´ English.

22. Прочтите следующие вопросы и ответы, соблюдая правильную интонацию и ударение:

1. Do you want to master English? — Yes, I do. I want to master English. 2. Does Mary sit at the window? — Yes, she does. She sits at the window. 3. Does the class begin at 10 o’clock? — No, it does not. It does not begin at 10 o’clock. 4. Do you learn new words? — Yes, I do. Every day I learn new words. 5. Does he answer your letters? — Yes, he does. He answers my letters regularly. 6. Do you hear well? — Yes, I do. I hear quite well.

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7. Does your father go away? — No, he doesn’t. He doesn’t go away.

23. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. Do you read English newspapers? 2. Do you speak English at home (in class)? 3. Does your son work at a factory? 4. Does your father go to his office on week days or on Sundays? 5. Do you have classes on Mondays or on Tuesdays? 6. Do classes at your Institute end at 2 o’clock? 7. Does your daughter play tennis? 8. Do you write letters to your parents?

24. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную форму:

1. The dean comes at half past nine. 2. The child asks us a lot of questions. 3. We always air our classroom at this time. 4. We listen to the radio at 8 o’clock. 5. He tells us about his work and studies. 6. She is full of energy. 7. I read a page or half a page of some English book every day. 8. She goes there every other day (через день).

Step 47

Present Indefinite (Simple) Tense. Специальные вопросы. Вопросы к подлежащему (§§ 44, 45)

1	2	3	4
What	do	you	read?
What books	do	you	read?
How many books	do	you	read every month?
Where	does	your brother	study?
What	does	he	do?
When	does	the class	begin?

25. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. When do you come home after classes? 2. (At) what time do you come to the Institute? 3. When do classes at the institute begin? 4. Where do you take books for home reading? 5. (At) what time does the last class end? 6. Where do you go when classes are over?

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26. Составьте вопросы, пользуясь таблицей:
When		do		we, you		do		one’s homework?
				they		take		after classes?
				your students		read		exercises?
						come		(to, at) the institute?
Where						go		from the library?
		does		he, she		speak		English?
				your son		study		(at) home?
What						write

27. Поставьте специальные вопросы к предложениям упражнения 24.

Вопросы к подлежащему

Who´ studies´ at the Institute? — I do. (My friend does.)

28. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Who learns English? 2. Who speaks Russian? 3. Who asks the teacher a lot of questions? 4. Who answers the teacher’s questions? 5. Who helps you (to) do your homework?

29. Поставьте вопросы к подлежащему:

1. We work in the dean’s office. 2. We have an English class on Fridays. 3. They always speak English to us. 4. You always ask the same question. 5. The teacher asks me to clean the blackboard. 6. We thank the librarians for the books. 7. I take the necessary magazines from the library.

Сравните времена:

Present Indefinite	Present Continuous
1. Every day I work at my	1. I am working at my English
English. (обычно/регуляр	now. (сейчас)
но)
2. My sister translates books	2. She is translating a book
into Russian. (обычно пе	into Russian. (в данный
реводит)	момент)
3. He reads English. (во	3. He is reading a book. (сей
обще/читает по англий	час/в данный момент)
ски/умеет читать)

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30. Откройте скобки и поставьте глагол в правильной форме Present Continu ous или Present Indefinite:

1. She (to go) to the Institute every day. 2. Look! Mary (to go) to the dean’s office. 3. What you (to ask) her for? — I (to ask) for an English textbook. 4. She always (to ask) us (to) help her with her homework. 5. John always (to send) a letter to his parents on Saturdays. 6. Who you (to send) a letter to? — To my parents. 7. A friend of mine always (to tell) us interesting stories. 8. Listen to him. He (to tell) an interesting story about one of the Russian scientists. 9. I always ( to listen) to his lectures attentively.

31. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Мы всегда слушаем преподавателя внимательно. 2. Кого вы так внимательно слушаете? 3. Дети не ходят в школу по воскресеньям. 4. Куда идут эти дети? 5. Джон, читайте следу ющее предложение. (Джон читает следующее предложение.) 6. Каждый день Джон читает какую нибудь английскую кни гу. 7. Он всегда ходит домой в это время. 8. Когда вы прихо дите домой? 9. Что вы показываете студентам? Я показываю им свой новый план.

32. Прочтите новые слова урока:

about около • He comes home at about 5 o’clock. academic учебный • academic year

in the afternoon днем • Classes are over at 3 o’clock in the afternoon.

Good afternoon. Добрый день.

art искусство; художественный • an art institute as = because так как

to be attentive быть внимательным • We are always attentive in class. autumn [ ´ təm] осень • in autumn осенью • an autumn day

before до (чего л., периода, событий, действий) • before and after classes to check проверять • to check homework

clock часы (настенные) • What’s the time by that clock? date дата, число • What’s the date today?

to describe описывать • to describe a picture difficult трудный • He is reading a difficult sentence. during во время • During holiday we are free.

each = every каждый • each student

each other друг друга • We help each other with our work and studies. at the end of в конце • at the end of the week (year, day)

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to end = to be over • Classes end at 3 o’clock. The lesson is over.
in the evening				вечером • I come home in the evening.
Good evening.				Добрый вечер.
examination				[ig z mi neiʃn]´ экзамен • We have an examination in English
today.				´
fast	быстрый, скорый • Don’t speak so fast. Not so fast, please.
to be fast			спешить (о часах) • His clock is 10 minutes fast.
French		французский • the French language
German			немецкий • My friend is busy with his German today.
to greet			приветствовать • We stand up to greet the teacher.
half	[h f] половина • a month and a half; at half past six
hard	упорно • I work hard at my English because I am fond of it.
hostel		общежитие • a students’ hostel; The hostel is just near our Institute.
if если • Let’s play tennis if you are free.
to keep		держать, хранить • I keep my books in the bookcase; to keep good
time		(о часах) хорошо ходить • This clock does not keep good time, it is
fast.
laboratory [lə bɒrətəri]´ кабинет, лаборатория • the English language labo
ratory
last	последний • December is the last month of the year.
to last		длиться, продолжаться • These holidays last a week.

to learn = to study учить, изучать • My friend learns French, I learn Eng

lish.
lecture		лекция • a lecture on art
to live		жить • I like to live in the hostel.
long	длинный • a long street; how long = how much time сколько • How
long does each English class last?
to master овладевать • to master English
minute		[ minit]´ минута • It’s five minutes to one.
to miss		пропускать • to miss classes (lectures)
month		месяц • September is the first autumn month.
in the morning утром • I go to the Institute in the morning.
Good morning. Доброе утро.
never	никогда • Tom is never late for classes.
next	следующий • next year (week, month); next question (sentence)
o’clock		• It’s 5 o’clock now.
quarter		[ kw´ tə] четверть • It’s a quarter past one.
regularly регулярно • I work at my English regularly.

to have a rest отдыхать • After classes we have a rest. to rest = to have a rest отдыхать • rest отдых

rule	[r l] правило
as a rule как правило • As a rule I come home at half past 5.
short	короткий • Let’s have a short rest; a short story
slow	медленный • to be slow отставать; This clock is 10 minutes slow.

spring весна • in spring весной • Spring holidays are short.

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summer лето • in summer летом • a warm summer day; The days in sum mer are long.

to take place происходить, иметь место • As a rule meetings (собрания) take place in this big hall.

(recorded) tape магнитная запись • (to record записывать на магнитную пленку) • to listen to the recorded tape; tape recording (магнитофонная запись)

technical технический • a technical institute

term семестр • There are two terms in an academic year. We are having a
spring term now.
then	затем, тогда • When I come home I have a short rest and then I prepare
my homework.
till	до • We work till 5 o’clock.
time	1. время • What’s the time? 2. раз; Tree times a week (три раза в
неделю); twice a day (два раза в день).
together вместе • I go to the Institute together with a friend of mine.
topic тема • to speak on a topic; various topics

to translate переводить • to translate from Russian into English перево дить с русского на английский; We translate sentences from Russian into English.

to want хотеть • I want to learn to speak English.

watch	часы (наручные) • My watch is fast.
week	неделя • on week days по будням • There are seven days in a week.
winter	зима • in winter зимой • a cold winter day; The days in winter are

short.

I want you to listen... Я хочу, чтобы вы прослушали...

to do the work выполнять работу

Обратите внимание на отсутствие предлогов: this time — на этот раз

next time — в следующий раз

this week (month) — на этой неделе (в этом месяце)

next week (month) — на будущей неделе (в следующем меся це)

to have two holidays a year — иметь каникулы два раза в год two English classes a week — два урока английского языка в неделю

four times a month — четыре раза в месяц

33. Прочтите и переведите текст:

I Study at the Institute

I study at an art (technical)Institute. The academic year be gins, as a rule, on the 1st of September and ends in June. It

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lasts ten months: September, October, November, December, January, February, March, April, May and June. The academic year has two terms: the autumn term and the spring term. The autumn term begins in September and ends in December. It lasts about four months. The spring term begins on the 7th of Febru ary and ends as a rule in May. This term is short. It lasts only three months. Each term ends with examinations which take place in January and in June. During the academic year stu dents work hard. As a rule they are very busy and have a lot of work to do.

We have two holidays a year: winter holidays and summer holidays. The summer holidays are long. They last two months. The winter holidays are short. They last only two weeks. During the holidays we do not study, we have a rest.

We go to the Institute every day except Sunday. On week days we work hard. On Sunday we have a rest as a rule. Classes at our Institute begin at nine o’clock in the morning and end at half past three in the afternoon.

All students learn some foreign language — English, Ger man or French. We learn English. We have two English classes a week, on Tuesdays and on Fridays. On Tuesday we have our En glish class in the morning, on Friday in the afternoon. When the teacher comes into the room we stand up and greet the teacher. We say: “Good morning” if it is morning. We say: “Good after noon” if it is afternoon. We say: “Good evening” if it is evening.

Then we sit down and our lesson begins. We check our home work. We ask and answer questions, we read English texts and translate sentences from Russian into English, or from English into Russian. We describe pictures and speak on various topics. During the English class we do a lot of exercises, we speak, read and write English. We do not speak Russian in class. We speak Russian before and after classes.

As I want to learn to speak and to read English, I am very attentive in class and I always prepare my homework. English is not difficult for me because I work at it regularly. As I live in the hostel, I always prepare my lessons together with a friend of mine. We learn new words and do exercises. We ask each other questions and answer them. We also listen to the recorded tapes

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in the English language laboratory of our Institute. We are fond of English and we want to master it, that’s why we never miss classes and work hard.

At the end of each class the teacher gives us our homework. She says: “The homework for your next English class is to read the new text, to learn the new words and to prepare the topic ‘My Institute’. I also want you to listen to the tape in our laboratory. This time take Tape Eight, please. Our next English class is on Friday at twenty minutes to twelve. Don’t be late. Good bye.”

Dialogues

1

A:What date is it today?

B:It’s Sunday the 19th of December.

A:Is Sunday the first or the last day of the week?

B:It’s the first day of the week.

A:What day come after Sunday?

B:Monday does.

A:What day comes before Sunday?

B:Saturday does.

A:What are the other days of the week?

B:They are Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.

A:What year are we in?

B:We are in 200... (twenty [əυ] one, two, three.)

A:How many months and days are there in a year?

B:There are twelve months and three hundred and sixty five days in a year.

A:What is the last month of the year?

B:December is.

2

A:What’s the time by your watch?

B:It’s a quarter past six.

A:Is your watch correct? It’s only five past six by that clock. Your watch is fast.

B:No, it isn’t fast. My watch is quite correct. That watch is ten minutes slow. My watch always keeps good time.

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3

A:When does the spring term begin?

A: When is it over?

A: How long does it last?

A: Is this term long or short?

A:When do the examinations take place?

A:When do the summer holi days begin?

A: How long do they last?

A:Are you busy or free dur ing the academic year?

B: It begins on the 7th of February.

B: It’s over on the 20th of May.

B: It lasts three months and a half.

B: It’s short.

B:They take place at the end of each term — in January and in May.

B: They begin in July.

B:They last two months, till the end of August.

B: Students are very busy during the academic year because they have a lot of work to do.

Упражнения для домашнего задания

1.Прочтите диалог № 3. Закройте ответы справа и ответьте на вопросы само стоятельно. Сверьте ваши ответы с данными.

2.Переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания:

to check homework, to describe a picture, to learn the new words, to prepare lessons together, to listen to the tapes, at the end of the year, the spring term, various topics, to speak on a topic, each other, about a year, at about 7 o’clock, to study regularly, in the afternoon, a difficult text, to have a rest, to master English, to miss classes, to work hard at English, to keep good time, that’s why, the last month, before and after classes, to take place, never, a short story, a long day, as a rule, during the academic year, during the term, two times (twice) a week, next time, to end with examinations

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3. Переведите на английский язык следующие словосочетания:

заниматься регулярно, жить в общежитии, жить дома, в кон це урока, в конце недели, учить новые слова, описать кар тину, изучать иностранный язык, кончаться днем, трудный язык, длиться, около двух дней, как правило, технический институт, художественный институт, друг друга, овладеть английским языком, пропускать занятия, до и после заня тий, никогда, происходить (иметь место), короткое слово, длинный рассказ, первый и последний урок, во время учеб ного года, на этот раз, в следующий раз, один раз в месяц, приветствовать

4. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Where do you study? 2. What foreign language are you learn ing? 3. What do you do during the English class? 4. Do you speak English or Russian in class? 5. What do the students do when the teacher comes into the classroom? 6. Do you describe pictures in class? 7. What language do you speak before and after classes? 8. What do you do after classes? 9. Do you want to master En glish? 10. Do you work at your English regularly? 11. Does your friend live in the hostel or with his parents at home? 12. Do you listen to the tapes? 13. (At) what time do you come to the Institute? 14. How long does the autumn term (academic year) last? 15. Which of you works hard at your English? 16. Do you miss English classes? 17. When do the examinations take place? 18. Is this term long or short? 19. When does the last class begin today? 20. Does each term end with examinations?

5. Переведите следующие вопросы на английский язык, используя образцы:

а) When do you prepare your lessons?

1. Когда вы читаете газеты? 2. Когда вы занимаетесь англий ским? 3. Когда вы приходите в институт? 4. Когда вы слуша ете магнитные записи? 5. Когда бывают (происходят) экзаме ны?

б) Where does he listen to tape recordings?

1. Где он учится? 2. Где он живет? 3. Куда ваша сестра посы лает письма? 4. Где ваша дочь изучает иностранный язык?