- •Introduction научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •The steam power plant
- •The internal-combustion-engine power plant
- •The gas-turbine power plant научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •The nuclear power plant
- •Burning equipment
- •Furnaces научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •Cyclone furnace (crushed coal)
- •Pulverized coal furnace
- •Gas burner
- •Stokers
- •Spreader stokers
- •Chain- and travelling-grate stokers
- •Chapter II научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров heat transfer and steam generation
- •Modes of heat transfer
- •Steam generation
- •Boilers
- •The two-drum water-tube boiler
- •The bent-tube boiler научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •The horizontal straight tube boiler
- •The horizontal-return tubular boiler
- •Superheaters
- •Economizers and air heaters
- •Types of economizers
- •The air heater
- •Air preheaters
- •The steam-generating unit научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •High-capacity, high-efficiency steam-generating units научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •Heat exchangers
- •Direct-contact feed-water heaters
- •Closed peed-water heaters
- •Condensers
- •Turbines
- •Types of turbines научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •Choice of type
- •The turbine nozzle
- •Pumps, draft; fans, blowers, compressors
- •Pump types научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •Centrifugal pumps
- •Mechanical draft научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •Fans научно-информационный центр санкт-петербургского государственного технологического университета растительных полимеров
- •Blowers
- •Centrifugal compressors
- •Power-plant cycles
- •The rankine cycle
- •The simple, open, gas-turbine power cycle
The simple, open, gas-turbine power cycle
The power plant consists of three elements: the compressor, the combustion chamber, and the gas turbine.
In the actual gas-turbine power plant, 65 to 80 per cent of the turbine output is required to drive the compressor. In the steam-turbine power plant, the working fluid is condensed with a very large reduction in volume so that less than 1 per cent of the turbine output is required to operate the boiler feed pump which corresponds to the air compressor of the gas-turbine power plant. Consequently, for the same net plant output, the gas turbine must produce three to four times as much power as a steam turbine. Such heat-transfer equipment as boilers, economizers, superheaters, condensers, feed-water heaters, forced- and induced-draft fans, and extensive piping system, all of which are necessary in an efficient steam power plant, are eliminated in the simple gas-turbine power plant. However, if maximum efficiency is desired in the gas-turbine power plant, large heat exchangers, water- circulating pumps and piping are necessary, and the gas-turbine plant loses much of its simplicity.
The efficiency of a simple gas-turbine power plant depends upon the temperature of gas supplied to the turbine and upon the pressure ratio, p2/p1.
For a given turbine-inlet temperature, there is a particular pressure ratio
which gives maximum efficiency, and this optimum pressure ratio increases with inlet temperature. The marked increase in efficiency with increase in inlet temperature should be noted. As the high-temperature characteristics of metals are improved and inlet temperatures higher than 1,500°F become practical, the use of the gas turbine as an economical prime mover will expand rapidly.