Учебники / Rhinosinusitis - A Guide for Diagnosis and Management 2008

Rhinosinusitis

Erica R. Thaler • David W. Kennedy

Editors

Rhinosinusitis

A Guide for Diagnosis and Management

123

Editors
Erica R. Thaler, MD	David W. Kennedy, MD
Associate Professor	Professor
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head	Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head
and Neck Surgery	and Neck Surgery
University of Pennsylvania	University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA, USA	Philadelphia, PA, USA
[e-mail]	[e-mail]

ISBN: 978-0-387-73061-5	e-ISBN: 978-0-387-73062-2
DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-73062-2

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008935646

c 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden.

The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.

While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.

Printed on acid-free paper

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Thank you to all the contributors to this book for their hard work and gracious donation of time; and thank you to my family, who provide the perfect antidote to such an undertaking.

Erica

Preface

Sinusitis and rhinitis are ubiquitous medical problems, comprising a set of conditions most commonly today described together under the term rhinosinusitis, that occupy a significant portion of time in many outpatient care providers’ offices, be it pediatrician, family practitioner, internist, primary care provider, or otolaryngologist. Indeed, rhinosinusitis is one of the most common of all health care complaints, reported to be present chronically in fully 14% of the American population. Chronic rhinosinusitis has also been shown to have a much greater impact on overall quality of life than previously recognized and is indeed a potentially debilitating disorder. Because rhinosinusitis is managed by such a wide variety of practitioners, there is a lack of cohesiveness in patient care and much contradictory literature about the best approach to patient management. Additionally, the chronic form of rhinosinusitis can be an enormously difficult problem to manage, with under-treatment and over-treatment of patients both equally possible to lead to poor outcomes.

This book aims to provide a unifying guide to the diagnosis and management of this complex health care problem. It covers the entire width and breadth of rhinosinusitis, from etiology and pathophysiology, to diagnosis, to medical and surgical management, both pediatric and adult. In recognition of the ever increasing role of alternative medicine in our health care management, there is a special chapter devoted to this topic. Systemic contributions to the disease process are discussed, and there is a chapter on what is frequently referred to as the unified airway, the special relationship between rhinosinusitis and pulmonary pathology, particularly asthma.

We hope this book provides practitioners with a useful tool in the care of patients with rhinosinusitis. The assembled authors represent true experts in the condition, with a wealth of clinical and basic science experience to bring to bear on their writings.

Erica R. Thaler, M.D.

David W. Kennedy, M.D.

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Contents

1	Etiology and Impact of Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	1
	Walleed Abuzaid and Erica R. Thaler
2	Microbiology and Immunology of Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	17
	Jean Anderson Eloy and Satish Govindaraj
3	Diagnosis and Management
	of Acute Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	29
	Karen A. Kolln¨ and Brent A. Senior
4	Diagnosis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	41
	Rodney J. Schlosser and Richard J. Harvey
5	Medical Management of Acute Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	65
	Richard R. Orlandi
6	Medical Management of Chronic Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	75
	Rakesh K. Chandra
7	Endoscopic Sinus Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	93
	David W. Kennedy
8	Allergy and Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	107
	John H. Krouse
9	Complementary and Alternative Medicine
	in Rhinology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	133
	Marcelo B. Antunes, Edwin Tamashiro, and Noam A. Cohen
10	Radiology: Its Diagnostic Usefulness in Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	145
	Laurie A. Loevner

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x

Contents

11 Systemic Diseases and Chronic Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Christine Reger, Christina F. Herrera, Megan Abbott,

and Alexander G. Chiu

12 Reactive Airway Disease and the Management

of Samter’s Triad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 Roxanne S. Leung, Rohit K. Katial, and Todd T. Kingdom

13 Pediatric Perspectives of Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Lisa Elden and Lawrence W.C. Tom

14 Spectrum of Fungal Sinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 Kevin C. Welch and James N. Palmer

15 Complications of Rhinosinusitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 Benjamin S. Bleier and Erica R. Thaler

16 Adjunctive Surgical Therapies in the Treatment of Rhinosinusitis . . . . 251 Joel Guss and Erica R. Thaler

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Contributors

Megan Abbott, MSN, CRNP

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania,

Philadelphia, PA, USA

Walleed Abuzaid, BSc (Hons), MBBS (Dist)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Marcelo B. Antunes, MD

Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Benjamin S. Bleier, MD

Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Rakesh K. Chandra, MD

Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

Alexander G. Chiu, MD

Assistant Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of

Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Noam A. Cohen, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Lisa Elden, MS, MD

Assistant Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Jean Anderson Eloy, MD

Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami – Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA

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xii	Contributors

Satish Govindaraj, MD

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Joel Guss, MD

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Richard J. Harvey, BSc (med) MBBS FRACS

Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

Christina F. Herrera, MSN, CRNP

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Rohit K. Katial, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO, USA

David W. Kennedy, MD

Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Todd T. Kingdom, MD

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO, USA

Karen A. Kolln,¨ MD

Chief, Rhinology, Allergy and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

John H. Krouse, MD, PhD

Professor and Vice Chair, Director of Rhinology and Allergy, Department of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

Laurie A. Loevner, MD

Professor, Departments of Radiology and Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Roxanne S. Leung, MD

Allergy and Immunology Fellow, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO, USA

Richard R. Orlandi, MD

Associate Professor, Division of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA