Кафедра « Гуманитарные дисциплины»

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА

По дисциплине Иностранный язык (английский)

Вариант № 5

Семестр 1

1 Курс заочной формы обучения

Специальность (шифр) __________ группа ____________

Срок обучения ______ лет

Зачетная книжка № ___________

Ф.И.О. студента(ки) _______________________________________

Ф.И.О. (преподавателя) _____________________________________

Сдана на проверку ­___________________

Ставрополь, 20____

1. Написать 15-18 предложений по следующим темам и выучить: 1. Описание себя и своей семьи. 2. Описание друга (внешность, характер, манеры, привычки). 3. Любимое время года. 4. Хобби. 5. Любимая книга.

2. Прочитать и письменно перевести тексты: Computer Science, Software Engineering. Текст 1. Computer science

Architecture deals with both the design of computer components (hardware) and the creation of operating systems (software) to control the computer. Although designing and building computers is often considered the province of computer engineering, in practice there exists considerable overlap with computer science.

Design Elements. In designing a computer system, architects consider five major elements that make up the system's hardware: the arithmetic/logic unit, control unit, memory, input, and output. The arithmetic/logic unit performs arithmetic and compares numerical values. The control unit directs the operation of the computer by taking the user instructions and transforming them into electrical signals that the computer's circuitry can understand. The combination of the arithmetic/logic unit and the control unit is called the central processing unit (CPU). The memory stores instructions and data. The input and output sections allow the computer to receive and send data, respectively.

Different hardware architectures are required because of the specialized needs of systems and users.

Текст 2. Software engineering

Algorithms and data structures are the building blocks of computer programs. An algorithm is a precise step-by-step procedure for solving a problem within a finite time and using a finite amount of memory. Common algorithms include searching a collection of data, sorting data, and numerical operations such as matrix multiplication. Data structures are patterns for organizing information, and often represent relationships between data values. Some common data structures are called lists, arrays, records, stacks, queues, and trees.

Computer scientists continue to develop new algorithms and data structures to solve new problems and improve the efficiency of existing programs. One area of theoretical research is called algorithmic complexity. Computer scientists in this field seek to develop techniques for determining the inherent efficiency of algorithms with respect to one another. Another area of theoretical research called computability theory seeks to identify the inherent limits of computation. Software engineers use programming languages to communicate algorithms to a computer. Natural languages such as English are ambiguous – meaning that their grammatical structure and vocabulary can be interpreted in multiple ways – so they are not suited for programming.