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Вариант 3

Упражнение 1. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Пользуйтесь таблицами 1,2,33 и образцом выполнения.

1. All these metal parts are cut automatically.

2. We were shown a new alloy which will be used in modern technology.

3. The construction of the plant has been completed this month.

Упражнение 2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one. Пользуйтесь таблицами 30-32 и образцом выполнения.

1. She spoke so fast that it was difficult to follow her.

2. I prefer red roses to white ones.

3. It is necessary to obtain accurate data for that process.

Упражнение 3. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do. Пользуйтесь таблицами 14-18 и образцом выполнения.

1. Modern science is to solve a lot of mysteries.

2. We have changed the design of this machine.

3. Do you have up-to-date equipment at your plant?

Упражнение 4. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение (в русском сложноподчиненном предложении наличие союза обязательно). Пользуйтесь таблицами 7–8 и образцом выполнения.

1. The heat a body contains is the kinetic energy of its molecules.

2. It was evident the neutron was the key to splitting the atom.

3. He was sure there was a way to control this process.

Упражнение 5. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива. Пользуйтесь таблицами 19-20 и образцом выполнения.

1. To develop a new method of cutting metals was necessary.

2. The main purpose of the computers is to solve complex problems quickly.

3. Did you want the plan to be improved?

Упражнение 6. Прочитайте текст к упражнению 7 и дайте ответ в письменной форме к следующим заданиям:

1. Найдите объяснение способа улучшить свойства металлов.

2. Укажите области применения лёгких металлов.

3. Закончите предложение:

Many elements are classified as…

Упражнение 7. Прочитайте и письменно переведите первый, пятый и шестой абзацы текста.

Metals and Nonmetals

1. There are some distinctions between metals and nonmetals. Metals are distinguished from nonmetals by their high conductivity for heat and electricity, by metallic lustre and by their resistance to electric current. Their use in industry is explained not only by those properties, but also by the fact that their properties, such as strength and hardness, can be greatly improved by alloying them with other metals.

2. There are several important groups of metals and alloys. The common metals such as iron, copper, zinc, etc, are produced in great quantities.

3. The so-called precious metals include silver, gold, platinum and palladium. The light metals are aluminium, berillium and titanium. They are important in aircraft and rocket construction.

4. Many elements are classified as semimetals (bismuth, for example) because they have much poorer conductivity than common metals.

5. Nonmetals (carbon, silicon, sulphur) in the solid state are usually brittle materials without metallic lustre and are usually poor conductors of electricity. Nonmetals show greater variety of chemical properties than common metals do.

6. Metals can undergo corrosion, changing in this case their chemical and electromechanical properties. In order to protect metals from corrosion the products made of metals and steel are coated by some films (coatings). Organic coatings protect metals and steel from corrosion by forming a corrosion-resistant barrier between metal or steel and the corrosive environment.

Упражнение 8. Найдите соответствующие ответы на вопросы и напишите их в той последовательности, в которой заданы вопросы:

a) By what properties are metals distinguished from nonmetals?

b) What common metals are produced in great quantities?

c) What metals are called light?

d) What properties do nonmetals have?

e) What is done to protect metals from corrosion?

Ответы:

a) Iron, copper and zinc.

b) They are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity.

c) They are coated by some organic coatings.

d) High conductivity for heat and electricity.

e) Aluminium, berillium and titanium.