Vocabulary practice

1. Which word does not belong to the group?

a) documents, specifications, protocols, commands;

b) file, database, data, directory;

c) screen, display, desktop, browser;

d) connections, links, addresses, sites;

e) query, request, response, port.

2. Complete the sentences using one of the given endings.

The WWW began as HTTP is a protocol that works with HTML is called a markup language because A typical Web page is based on A browser is a software program that runs As an alternative to HTML documents, Web server can store

Web page data in other types of files, such as databases. on your computer and helps you access Web pages. a document stored in a file and identified by a unique address called URL. authors mark up their documents by inserting special instructions, called HTML tags. TCP/IP to get Web resources to your desktop. a project by high-energy physics researches in Switzerland.

3. Transform the given sentences using the word in brackets without any change in the meaning.

1) When you type a … into the browser’s address box, you are requesting HTML data from a specific Web page.

a) HTML b) URL c) HTTP d) TCP

2) A … is a software program that runs on your computer and helps you access Web pages.

a) Web server b) e-mail server c) FTP server d) browser

3) Your browser creates a … for the data by using the HTTP “GET” command.

a) response b) request c) message d) instruction

4) Technically, a browser is the client half of the client/server software that facilitates communication between a personal computer and a… .

a) Web server b) e-mail server c) FTP server d) web site

5) HTML is a set of specifications for creating … that a browser can display as a Web page.

a) HTML documents b) graphics c) sound d) video files

4. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

Many software tools are available today that make it easy to create Web pages. A Web page author can use a text editor, such as Notepad, to create Web pages “from scratch” by manually embedding HTML tags within the text of a document. It is also possible to use the HTML conversion routines included with many standard software applications. Another route is to use specialized Web creating software, such as Microsoft FrontPage.

An HTML document is divided into two sections. The head section contains information used to define global properties for the document. The body section contains the text you want the browser to display, the HTML tags that format the text, and a variety of links. In addition to embedding HTML tags within the text, a Web page can be formatted with a Cascading style sheet, which allows Web page designers to change formats throughout an HTML document without modifying individual HTML tags. To control the position of text and graphics on a Web page, many authors place these elements in the cells of a Web page table.

Text D

Pre-reading. Match the meaning of the following English words and their Russian equivalents.

search engine; content; SEO (search engine optimization); marketing; database; relevance; indexing; root directory; web masters; domain; (to) parse; spam.

маркетинг, торговля; степень соответствия; база данных; индексация; корневой каталог; практически бесполезная; информация; содержание, информационное наполнение; разбор; домен; оптимизация поисковых систем; поисковая программа; разработчик Web-страниц;

Reading. Read the text and try to guess the meaning of the words in bold. Check your variants in the dictionary.