- •The Adverbs
- •Form and use
- •I. Complete the conversation. Put in good, well (x2), bad, badly and ill.
- •II. Put in good or well.
- •Adjectives ending in ly
- •Adverbs and adjectives with the same form.
- •Adverbs with differences in form and meaning
- •(Ir)Regular Comparative and Superlative Forms
- •1 The comparison of adjectives
- •2 The comparison of adjectives
- •3 The comparison of adverbs
- •4 Irregular forms
- •5 Comparing quantities
- •6 Comparative and superlative forms
II. Put in good or well.
1. I play tennis but I’m not very good. 2. Your exams results were very …………….. 3. You did very …………. in your exams. 4. The weather was very ………………. while we were on holiday. 5. I didn’t sleep very …………..last night. 6. How are you? Are you ……………………?
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7. George speaks German very …………….. 8. George’s German is very………………… 9. Our new business is going very ………….at the moment. 10. I like your jacket. It looks …………..on you. 11. I’ve met her a few times but I don’t know her very ………………….
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Adjectives ending in ly
daily, weekly, monthly etc., kindly and sometimes leisurely (не спеша; на досуге) can be adjectives or adverbs, but most other adjectives ending in ly, e.g. friendly, likely, lonely etc., cannot be used as adverbs and have no adverb form. To supply this deficiency we use a similar adverb or adverb phrase:
likely (adjective) probably (adverb)
friendly (adjective) in a friendly way (adverb phrase)
C. Some adverbs have a narrower meaning than their corresponding adjectives or differ from them.
coldly, coolly, hotly, warmly are used mainly of feelings:
We received them coldly. (in an unfriendly way). They denied the accusation hotly. (indignantly – негодующе)
She welcomed us warmly. (in a friendly way). But warmly dressed = wearing warm clothes.
coolly = calmly/courageously or calmly/impudently (нахально; бесстыдно):
He behaved very coolly in this dangerous situation.
presently = soon: He'll be here presently
Adverbs and adjectives with the same form.
Back |
Hard* |
Little |
Right* |
Deep* |
High* |
Long |
Short* |
Direct* |
Ill |
Low |
Still |
Early |
Just* |
Much/more/most* |
Straight |
Enough |
Kindly |
Near* |
Well |
Far |
Late* |
Pretty* |
Wrong* |
Fast |
Left |
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*see below
Used as an adverbs |
Used as an adjectives |
Come back soon |
The back door |
You can dial Rome direct |
The most direct route |
The train went fast |
A fast train |
They worked hard (energetically) |
The work is hard |
An ill-made road |
You look ill/well |
Turn right here |
The right answer |
She went straight home |
A straight line |
He led us wrong |
This is the wrong way |
B. Starred words above also have ly forms. Note the meanings. deeply is used chiefly of feelings: He was deeply offended. directly can be used of time or connection: He'll be here directly. (very soon)
The new regulations will affect us directly/indirectly. highly is used only in an abstract sense:
He was a highly paid official. They spoke very highly of him. Justly (справедливо,законно) corresponds to the adjective just (fair, right, lawful), but just can also be an adverb of degree.
lately = recently: Have you seen him lately? mostly = chiefly
nearly = almost: I'm nearly ready prettily corresponds to the adjective pretty (attractive):
Her little girls are always prettily dressed.
But pretty can also be an adverb of degree meaning “very”:
The exam was pretty difficult.
rightly can be used with a past participle to mean justly or correctly:
He was rightly/justly punished. I was rightly/correctly informed.
But in each case the second adverb would be more usual.
shortly = soon, briefly or curtly.
wrongly can be used with a past participle: You were wrongly (incorrectly) informed.
But He acted wrongly could mean that his action was either incorrect or morally wrong.