Unit 4

Read the text and do the exercises. Based on that discuss the topic:

Ukraine

Official name — Ukraine

Status — Sovereign State

Area — 603 700 square kilometers

Population — 52, 000, 000

Capital—Kyiv Languages — Ukrainian

Ukraine is one of the largest republics in Europe. It has its own territory, constitution, higher and local bodies of state power (the Supreme Rada and local Radas), President representatives and government, national emblem, state flag and anthem.

The population of the republic are Ukrainians (73.6%). Russians (21.1%), Jews (1.3%), Belarussians (0.8%). Moldovians (0.6%), Poles and Bulgarians (0.5% each) and other nations and nationalities also live here. There are 24 administrative regions and the Republic of the Crimea in Ukraine. The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable to the development of its relations with the other countries of Europe, as well as with the countries throughout the world. It borders on the Russian Federation, Belarus, Moldova, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania.

95% of Ukraine is flat and the rest of it is mountainous. The Ukrainian Carpathians and the Crimean Mountains make up 5% of its area. Ukraine is washed by the Black Sea and the sea of Azov, and it has very important ports. The major rivers are the Dnieper, the Dniester, the Bug and the Donets.

Ukraine has many industrial raw materials, it has rich deposit of iron, metals, coal, oil, gas, different ores and other natural resources. The country has metallurgical and heavy industries.

It is one of the largest agricultural countries. Scientists of Ukraine make a great contribution to science. The Academy of Science of Ukraine includes many scientists and research workers famous for their discoveries and inventions. Great success has been achieved by the Paton Research Institute of Electric Welding, the Research Institute of Cybernetics, Superhard Materials, and others.

Ukraine has an ancient history. It has its own culture and art. The country has many professional theatres and Philharmonic societies. The National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine, the Hrihory Viryovka Ukrainian People's Choir, the Transcarpathian People's Choir, the "Dumka" State Honoured Choir, the Honoured Bandore Players Choir, the Dance Company of Ukraine are known not only in the country but all over the world. During recent years the people of Ukraine have displayed a keen interest in its Ukrainian history and its cultural and artistic heritage. Many names and masterpieces have been revived.

Now Ukraine is establing new relations with countries throughout the world. It is making direct contacts with them, is signing agreements and treaties. There are more than 30 embassies in Ukraine;

Ukraine is one of the founder members of the United Nations Organization and participates in the work of many international organizations.

Exercise 1. What words and word combinations should go in the other parts of the diagram?

N atural resources International relations Climate

G eographical position Education Cultural life

Exercise 2. What word do you think should be in the middle of the diagram?

Gas

O res Oil

Coal Iron Metals

Exercise 3. What English words are these? Write them.

1. [repri´zqntqtiv]

2. ['gAvqnmqnt ]

3. ['xnTqm]

4. [kraim'miq ]

5. ['kwaiq ]

6. ['embqsi]

7. ['kAntri]

8. ['mauntinqs]

9. ['saiqntist]

10. [sq'saiqti]

Exercise 4. The verbs in the middle column have been jumbled. Put them in their right sentence. Write your answers in the boxes. There is an example (0) at the beginning.

0. Ukraine	a. participates in	its own territory.
1. The population	b. make up	Ukrainians, Russians and others.
2. Ukraine	c. has	the Russian Federation
3. The Ukrainian Carpathians and the Crimean mountains	d. is known	5% of its area.
4. The Dance Company	e. are	all over the world.
5. Our country	f. borders on	the work of many international organizations.

0	1	2	3	4	5
c

Exercise 5. Match each word with its definition on the right. Write the letter in the box.

0. representative	a. an amount or layer of a substance in a particular place
1. anthem	b. someone who is chosen to act, speak etc. for someone else
2. deposit	c. a formal or religious song that a particular group of people consider to be very important to them
3. ancient	d. the traditional beliefs, values, customs etc. of a family or country
4. port	e. happening or existing very far back in history
5. masterpiece	f. a place where ships can load and unload peоple or things
6. heritage	g. a work of art, piece of music etc. that is of the highest quality compared to others of its kind

0	1	2	3	4	5	6
b

Exercise 6. Match a line in a with a line in b. Write your answers in the boxes. There is an example (0) at the beginning.

A	B
0. local	a. regions
1. state	b. bodies
2. administrative	c. power
3. geographical	d. resources
4. natural	e. position
5. heavy	f. heritage
6. keen	g. industry
7. artistic	h. interest

0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
b

Exercise 7. Fill in the gap with correct preposition from the box. Write the letter in the box.

a) to, b) on, c) for, d) in, e) of, f) with

1. Ukraine is one… the largest republics in Europe.

2. Our country borders… Belarus in the North.

3. Scientists of Ukraine make a great contribution… science.

4. The people of Ukraine displayed a keen interest … history.

5. Ukraine makes direct contacts … other countries.

6. There are many research workers famous … their inventions.

1	2	3	4	5	6

Exercise 8. Which word is the odd one out in each of these groups?

1. a) national emblem b) state flag c) cuisine d) anthem

2. a) Russian Federation b) Poland c) Hungary d) Greece

3. a) silk b) iron c) coal d) gas

4. a) the Dnipro b) the Neva c) the Donets d) Bug

5. a) constitution b) government c) republic d) state flag

1	2	3	4	5