- •12Th century;
- •17Th century;
- •18Th century;
- •20Th century
- •20Th century
- •To which literary subgenres did women like Ursula k. LeGuin increasingly turn in order to overturn male stereotypes about gender?
- •Which of the following voices had not had literary production encouraged and expanded during and after the 1960s thanks to increased political protests and activism?
- •How did the literary fortunes of Native American writers change as a result of the political and social movements of the 1960s?
- •Which does not represent one of the social tensions that the publication and impact of Howl (1956) and Life Studies (1959) illustrate about American society?
- •Which of the following best describes the ideal aesthetic value of contemporary literature?
- •Which of the following best describes how the realism of h. James and e. Wharton differs from that of w. D. Howells?
- •How is nature represented in Jack London’s “The Law of Life” and Stephen Crane’s “The Open Boat”?
- •Which work of nineteenth-century intellectual prose had the most influence on literary naturalism?
- •Which of the following American realists is best known for his comic experiments in regional vernacular?
- •Which sentence best describes the characteristic tones of the novels of American naturalist authors Frank Norris, Stephen Crane, and Theodore Dreiser?
- •What literary movement did William Dean Howells describe as “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material”?
- •How does Hamlin Garland portray Midwestern farmers in his story “Under the Lion’s Paw”?
- •How did local color writing about the legendary West compare with native American writings by Zitkala–Ša, Ohiyesa, and s. Winnemucca in their characters’ relationship to the land?
- •In 1893, the historian Frederick Jackson Turner wrote The Significance of the Frontier on American History. Where did he place the frontier in that essay?
- •Which of the following sentences best defines literary naturalism?
- •Why did Jim run away from Miss Watson?
- •What was the effect of modernism on African American writers like Zora Neale Hurston, Nella Larsen, and Langston Hughes?
- •Why did American authors treat the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti, condemned to death in 1921 for a robbery and homicide, from a sympathetic standpoint?
- •How did new scientific advances concerning relativity, uncertainty, quantum theory affect the relationship between science and literature?
- •Which was not one of the three characteristic “issues” of American literary modernism?
- •In what way did authors use Hollywood to bridge the divide between serious and popular modernist literature?
- •Why did the writings of Karl Marx appeal to so many American writers and intellectuals in the 1920s and 30s?
- •What was the name of the small, experimental theater group, founded in 1915 by s. Glaspell, e. O’Neill in order to challenge Broadway’s control over the American drama scene?
- •What effect did de-emphasis of closure and certainty have on the types of subjectivity represented by modernist works?
- •Which of the following types of dramas performed in the us was not a distinctively American innovation (rather than one borrowed or adapted from another culture)?
- •In what way did the social debates of the 1920s mirror Ralph Waldo Emerson’s belief, in the 1840s, that “whosoever would be a man, must be a non-conformist”?
- •Which of the following events in European modernism occurred before World War I?
- •How did modernist poets’ emphases on directness, precision, and vividness of expression affect both poetry and prose during this period?
- •Which of the following best describes how the influential authors of the period 1914-1945 responded to the “internal fractures” caused by modernity?
- •Why did travel literature become an increasingly popular subgenre in the 1840s?
Which does not represent one of the social tensions that the publication and impact of Howl (1956) and Life Studies (1959) illustrate about American society?
the increasing centrality and stability of married families;
mistrust of corporate and government power;
drug use and exploration of alternative states of consciousness;
civil rights and status of gender, racial, and sexual minorities
Which of the following best describes the ideal aesthetic value of contemporary literature?
patriotism;
minimalism;
diversity;
authenticity
Which of the following best describes how the realism of h. James and e. Wharton differs from that of w. D. Howells?
James and Wharton concentrated on upper-class characters, while Howells wrote about middle-class characters;
Wharton and James were more interested in depicting American expatriate characters than Howells, who drew upon his experiences of Boston for most of his novels;
James and Wharton represented interior human consciousness, while Howells was more interested in describing the surface details and exteriors of his characters;
Wharton and James are best described as naturalists, though they both exhibit many influences that can be traced back to Howells
How is nature represented in Jack London’s “The Law of Life” and Stephen Crane’s “The Open Boat”?
Nature is malevolent and cruel, taking delight in punishing human beings for their arrogance;
Nature is indifferent and unplanned; events occur at random rather than as a result of providence;
Nature is described with a sense of romanticized loss, since we once believed that the natural environment was ordered and designed on our behalf, but can’t do so any longer;
Nature attacks and affronts the main characters, but only because these narratives purposefully create artificially terrible situations that seem ironic and unreal
Which work of nineteenth-century intellectual prose had the most influence on literary naturalism?
Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Women and Economics (1898);
Charles Darwin’s Origin of Species (1857);
William James’s Pragmatism (1907);
Henry George’s Progress and Poverty (1879)
Which of the following American realists is best known for his comic experiments in regional vernacular?
Mark Twain;
Frank Norris;
Edith Wharton;
William Dean Howells
Which sentence best describes the characteristic tones of the novels of American naturalist authors Frank Norris, Stephen Crane, and Theodore Dreiser?
Since horrible things happen to characters, readers’ initial sympathies are converted to an impression of the authors’ cynicism and despair;
Since these novels attempt to enlighten their readers about the scientific forces in order to change society, the overall tone is quite hopeful about the future;
Since events seem determined not by characters’ choices or abilities but by fate, the novels seem bleak and pessimistic about American society;
Since they depict characters who act with altruism and compassion toward one another despite the cruel state of society, these novels provide helpful models of behavior