- •4 Working with the text
- •Vocabulary:
- •Vocabulary:
- •Generals
- •1. Read and memorize the words
- •2.Make up word combinations from two columns
- •3. Read the text and answer the questions
- •4. Answer the questions
- •5. Complete the sentences
- •1 Read the texts and translate them.
- •2 Знайдіть в тексті слова, схожі з українською мовою, які ви зможете зрозуміти без перекладу і які є помилковими друзями перекладача.
- •Знайдіть в тексті речення із вживанням Passive Voice.
- •4 В кожному реченні знайдіть ключове слово, або словосполучення.
- •Vocabulary:
- •1. Read and translate the text, do the tasks after reading.
- •Vocabulary
- •Find the right translation
- •Vocabulary
- •1 Read and translate the text. Pay attention on the following words:
- •Mining coal by water power
- •2 Put the words with their definitions.
- •3 Find all the sentences with the Passive Voice.
- •4 Read and translate the text independently.
- •Read and remember the words:
- •2. Read and translate the text:
- •3. Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
- •4.Choose the best variant.
- •Make up word combinations from two columns
- •3. Read the text and answer the questions Methods used in boring from the surface
- •4.Complete the sentences
- •Read more information about the ways of drilling.
- •Types of excavators
- •Vocabulary:
- •2 Складіть рекламу до тексту, наголошуючи на його інформативній цінності
- •3 Прочитайте текст і дайте йому заголовок.
- •Vocabulary:
- •Розташуйте питання до тексту в логічній послідовності.
- •5 Скоротіть текст за рахунок подробиць.
- •1. Read and translate the text: number of openings
- •2.Складіть словосполучення з поданих слів:
- •Виразіть трьома реченнями зміст даного тексту.
- •Vocabulary:
- •Read the text. Do tasks after reading.
- •Vocabulary. Read and learn by heart:
- •Vocabulary. Read and learn by heart:
- •Read and learn new vocabulary:
- •Write down sentences with the most important information from the text.
- •Make up the plan of the text.
- •Retell the text using new words and plan.
- •1 True or false?
- •2 Read and remember new words.
- •3 Read the text and answer the questions. Support (part 1)
- •3Answer the questions to the text.
- •4 Fill in the text with the necessary words
- •Read and remember new words.
- •Read the text and extract the main information. Support (part 2)
- •2 Перекладіть на українську мову враховуючи префікс re-:
- •3 Прочитайте словосполучення та перекладіть їх на радну мову:
- •4 Визначте значення виділених слів за схожістю їх коренів в українській мові:
- •5 Прочитайте текст. Назвіть основні системи розробки рудних родовищ. Ore Mining
- •6 Прочитайте речення та укажіть які з них відповідають змісту тексту.
- •7 Дайте відповіді на питання
- •8 Знайдіть відповідні еквіваленти українських та англійських слів та словосполучень
- •9 Заповніть пропуски приведеними нижче словами
- •10 Знайдіть слова близькі за значенням.
- •11 Визначте якою частиною мови є виділені слова та перекладіть речення
- •12 Дані у дужках дієслова поставте в необхідну форму
1 Read and translate the text. Pay attention on the following words:
Getting - добуток
Velocity - швидкість
Jet - струм
hose – шланг
to drive –відсилати
high-pressure – високий тиск
plant – установка
housing – укриття
flame- proof – вибухобезпечний
flume – потік води
dewater – обезводнення
dump – склад
Mining coal by water power
Hydraulic mining is new system of coal getting. In this method the coal is won from the seam by the power of high velocity water jets directed at the seam from the power hose, called a monitor. When the coal has been broken down, the water jet is used again to clear the floor of the working place and to drive the coal along to the point of collection.
Hydraulic mining is extensively practiced. The equipment is easy to operate and to move and although considerably amount of power is required to supply high-pressure water to the monitor, this can be generated on the surface where the plant does not require expensive housing or flame-proof electrical equipment.
Only four men are needed to work each monitor, one to control monitor and the others to attend to the pipes and flumes and fix supports.
At this system of mining coal is broken by means of water jets. Water is forced out of the monitor with the speed of 70-100 m per sec.
From the mine is sent to the coal preparation plant, where it is dewatered by means of centrifuges. The dewatered coal is delivered to the dump and hence to the freight cars. The clarified water is returned to monitors, and the cycle is repeated. To obtain a higher rate of output per manshift it is necessary to develop more powerful monitors, pumps, centrifuges, etc., and other items of equipment.
2 Put the words with their definitions.
Getting coal with the water power. a) plant
High speed. b) to drive
To send the coal along somewhere. c) hydraulic mining
The building where they can to store smth. d) high velocity
Device for doing smth. e) housing
3 Find all the sentences with the Passive Voice.
4 Read and translate the text independently.
FACTORS INFLUENCING METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
It should be noted that development methods are a compromise between many conflicting factors in which local conditions often predominate in final choice.
Topography and local geology have a marked influence in determining the position of development openings where their exploratory function predominates. Also, location of openings and mode of entry should be planned to avoid danger and expense of passing through faulted zones, water-bearing strata, or bodies of quicksand, which would increase maintenance cost. Many large mines and collieries maintain a geological staff. By co-operating with the mining engineers they can reduce total footage of development work required, and place the openings where they will have highest exploratory value and avoid bad ground.
To secure economical handling, haulage drifts and crosscuts should be straight or change direction by easy curves, and should be driven on regular grade. Importance of these points varies with size and output of mine and method of haulage.
Haulage problems, especially in flat seams influence location of openings. If the shaft or other openings enters at its lowest point, all grades in the haulage ways are also favourable for drainage and vice versa. Methods of handling in stopes, dip of strata and plans of development are also interrelated.
In some cases, development work can be planned to reduce pumping costs. Drainage also makes it desirable to locate shaft or other openings to tap the lowest point of flat-dipping seams as lateral workings then drain toward shaft and auxiliary sumps and pumps are unnecessary.
Ventilation is a very important factor for coal mines. Ventilation may require that all development openings be run in duplicate. This is done in collieries as a rule and allows complete control of ventilating currents.
LESSON 11