С правилом согласования времён direct speech reported speech

The Present Indefinite à	The Past Indefinite
The Present Continuous à	The Past Continuous
The Present Perfect à	The Past Perfect
The Present Perfect Continuous à	The Past Perfect Continuous
The Past Indefinite à	The Past Perfect
The Past Continuous à	The Past Perfect Continuous
The Future Indefinite à	The Future Indefinite In The Past
The Future Continuous à	The Future Continuous In The Past

direct David: “I want to get a loan”.

reported David said that he wanted to get a loan.

direct Susan: “My friends left for Europe”.

reported Susan said that her friends had left for Europe.

direct Mr. Torn: “The bank has opened new branches in Seattle”.

reported Mr. Torn told us that the bank had opened new branches in

Seattle.

Для выражения действия в будущем, вместо вспомогательных глаголов shall / will употребляем вспомогательный глагол would (Future-in-the-Past).

direct Lora: “I will come back soon”.

reported Lora said that she would come back soon.

В вопросительных предложениях, переведённых в косвенную речь, порядок слов остаётся таким же, как и в утвердительных предложениях, вспомогательные глаголы (do, does, did) не употребляются.

direct Sam: “Where does your father work?”

reported Sam asked me where my father worked.

При переводе в косвенную речь общего вопроса, вводим союзы if или whether.

direct Mary: “Do you have any problems?”

reported Mary asked me if I had any problems.

Повелительное наклонение (приказы, просьбы, советы, приглашения) передаётся в косвенной речи структурой verb + object + to infinitive. В отрицательных повелительных предложениях используем структуру not to + infinitive.

direct Ted: “Fill in the blank, please.”

reported Ted asked the customer to fill in the blank.

direct Mr. Clark: “Don’t touch any documents.”

reported Mr. Clark told his secretary not to touch any documents.

При переходе прямой речи в косвенную происходят следующие замены:

I / we à he (she) / they tomorrow à the next day

my / our à his (her) / their yesterday à the day before /the previous day

this / these à that / those last à the previous

here à there ago à before

now à then next à following

today à that day tonight à that night

I / we à he (she) / they

B. Exercises

1. Change the following sentences into Reported Speech:

1. My aunt said, “I go to the bank each month.”

2. The teacher said, “There are currently about 8,000 commercial banks in

the United States”

3. The professor explained to the students, “The first banking institutions

appeared hundreds of years ago in Europe.”

4. My friend said, “I will open my first checking account tomorrow.”

5. Nora said, “I am working with a very important client at the moment.”

6. She added, “I have been working in this bank for twenty years.’

7. The secretary told me, “You can find Mr. Snow in the foreign exchange

department.”

8. The Chairman said, “The statement will be sent to all the stockholders in a

few days.”

9. A young lady asked John, “Where is the nearest bank?”

10. The teacher asked the students, “What banks do you know in the USA?”

11. I asked the bank officer, “Why did the bank open so late?”

12. We asked him, “How much interest will you pay on the loan?”

13. Nancy asked Bob, “Have you heard the news?”

14. The manager asked his secretary, “Did you get all the necessary

information for me?”

15. The customer asked the officer, “Show me how this cash dispenser

works.”

16. The bank officer said to the customer, “Don’t touch this dispenser

because it doesn’t work.”

2. Change the following dialogue into Reported Speech. Use such reporting

verbs as to ask, to answer, to add, to inform, to want to know, to

explain, etc.

Norma - Mr. Torn, tell us a few words about home loans, please.

Mr. Torn - In our bank we offer home mortgage loans through our

parent company, Bank of America. Our customers may

choose between fixed rate home loans and advantage plus

home loans.

Norma - What is the difference between these types of loans?

Mr. Torn - With fixed rate home loans customers are guaranteed that

the interest rates and payments will never change over the

life of the loan.

Norma - What advantages do plus home loans have?

Mr. Torn - The main advantage is an attractive initial interest rate.

Norma - Does it mean a low initial interest rate?

Mr. Torn - The customers may be able to buy a more expensive home

because they will have lower initial monthly payments.

3. Choose the correct variant:

1. The head of the finance department informed his colleagues that they will get / would get a Christmas bonus for the good financial performance of the company.

2. The customer told me that he wants / wanted to get a long-term loan in our bank.

3. Jim told Mary that he just receives / has just received / had just received good news.

4. The secretary told the visitors that the president talked / is talking / was talking on the telephone at the moment.

5. The teacher explained to the students that he worked / had been working / was working in the University for 30 years.

6. The bank manager asked the customer what type of account he wanted to open / what type of account did he want to open .

7. Julia asked her husband did he pay off the loan / if he paid off the loan / if he had paid off the loan the day before.

8. I asked the credit department manager what types of credit does your bank offer / what types of credit were offered by their bank / what types of credit offers their bank.

9. Tom asked his assistant settle the matter urgently / that you will settle the matter urgently / to settle the matter urgently.

10. I asked my secretary not to touch any letters on my table / do not touch any letters on my table / not touch any letters on my table.