Unit 14 Theme: City-building – conglomerates Grammar: Subjunctive Mood III

Objectives: Introduction of new lexical material on theme “City-building - conglomerates” and fixing active vocabulary in speech exercises, development of skills of oral and writing speech.

Discussion: State of conglomerates in Kazakhstan. The Message of the President to People in 2012 (plans about city-building).

Introduction of new grammar theme “Subjunctive Mood III” and fulfilling grammar exercises.

Ex. 1. Find in dictionary the deffinition of word ‘conglomerate’. What is the difference between conglomerates and monocities? Debate in groups about their (dis)advantages.

Ex. 2. Discuss the Message of the President to People in 2012 (plans about city-building in Kazakhstan: conglomerates and monocities).

Ex. 3. Architecture vocabulary. Brainstorm at least two pieces of vocabulary into each of the categories below:

People associated with buildings

Materials associated with buildings

Equipment that architects use

Parts of a room

Parts of a house or flat

Parts of a building

Types of house

Types of other buildings

Things architects do and produce

Ex. 4. Match the groups of words below to the categories above.

Floor Ceiling

Socket Air conditioning

Double glazing Handle

Fitted kitchen Open-plan dining room/ kitchen

Balcony Playground

(Roof top) terrace Veranda

Ground floor/ First floor Fire escape

Lift/ Elevator Bicycle racks

Basement/ Cellar Roof

Foundation Mezzanine

Penthouse Sewage

Communal area Lobby

Gate Partition wall

Window cleaning cradle Skylight

Detached house Semi-detached house

Terraced house Bungalow

Cottage Mansion

Block of flats/ Apartment building Old people’s home/ Nursing home

Care home Community centre

Multi storey car park Skyscraper

Luxury flats/ Condo Shopping centre/ Mall

Studio flats Health centre/ clinic

Hospital Department store

Public building

Brick Reinforced concrete

Tile Stone

Wood Nails

Glue Paint

Plaster Wallpaper

Plywood Insulation

Screw

CAD programmes Pen tablet

Set square Ruler

Protractor Rubber/ Eraser

Foam/ Styrofoam Automatic pencil/ Mechanical pencil

Compass GPS

Surveying equipment

Ex. 5. What are the differences between the words divided by dashes (/)?

Which categories from above are and aren’t useful for you to talk about your work?

In the categories which are useful, which words are and aren’t useful?

Choose one of the words above that you know and explain which one you are thinking of

without using any part of its name until your partner works out which one you are talking

about.

Useful language

You can find it…

It’s used for…

It’s (usually/ always) made of…

Plan Drawing

Sketch 3D model

Doodle Blueprint

Concierge Security guard

Builder Bricklayer

Surveyor Site manager

Landscape architect Plumber

Electrician Civil engineer

Interior designer Decorator

Carpenter Electrician

Safety inspector Roofer

Plasterer Architectural engineer

Ex. 6. Numbers practice for architects

Choose one of the numbers below and turn it into a question. Your partner should guess

the answer and then you should give them hints until they get it exactly right.

Useful language

No. It’s much much/ much (= a lot)/ quite a lot/ a bit (= a little)/ a tiny bit…

… bigger/ smaller/ higher/ lower/ longer/ more/ less/ earlier/ later (than that)

1. Buckingham Palace has seven hundred and seventy five rooms, including seventy

eight bathrooms.

2. There are one thousand five hundred and fourteen doors and seven hundred and sixty

windows in Buckingham Palace.

3. There are over forty thousand light bulbs in Buckingham Palace.

4. Buckingham Palace's garden covers forty acres.

5. There are more than three hundred and fifty clocks and watches in Buckingham

Palace. Two full-time members of staff keep them in good working order.

6. The Golden Gate Bridge is one point seven miles (two point seven three seven kilometres) long, ninety feet (twenty seven metres) wide, and weighs eight hundred and

eighty seven thousand tons.

7. Thirty eight painters and seventeen ironworkers work full time on the Golden Gate

Bridge.

8. Fifty five percent of the Japanese coastline is covered in concrete.

9. More than half a million homes were destroyed in the Great Kanto Earthquake in Japan in ninety twenty three.

10. There are around one thousand two hundred and fifty police boxes in Tokyo.

11. The Oedo line in Tokyo cost one point four trillion yen to build (the most expensive underground line in the world).

12. The Great Pyramid in Egypt weighs six million six hundred and forty eight thousand

tons.

13. Over one hundred and eighty stars have their handprints or footprints in the concrete

of the pavement outside Mann's Chinese Theater in LA.

14. The Statue of Liberty weighs two hundred and twenty five tons.

15. There are one thousand seven hundred and ninety two steps to the top of the Eiffel

Tower.

16. The Main Library at Indiana University sinks one inch (two point five two centimetres)

every year (because the engineers failed to take into account the weight of all the

books that would occupy the building).

17. Concrete was invented more than two thousand years ago.

18. The largest stained-glass window in the world (at the Kennedy International Airport in

New York) is three hundred feet wide and twenty three feet high.

19. The Pentagon building has sixty eight thousand miles of telephone lines.

20. The Burj Khalifa in Dubai is two thousand seven hundred and sixteen feet (eight hundred and twenty eight meters) tall and has a hundred and sixty storeys

21. The Bridge of Eggs in Lima, Peru, was made with mortar made with ten thousand

eggs (instead of water). It is over four hundred years old.

Ex. 7. Housing.

Renting an apartment or taking out a home mortgage loan to buy a house are major decisions in one's life. In other cases, students might live in dormitories on campus or even stay with a homestay family which can give them opportunities to interact with native speakers. Listen to the words below (http://www.esl-lab.com/vocab/v-housing.htm) and consult a dictionary if you need a definition. Write a sample sentence for each word to learn how it is used in context. You can use the Internet to find such sentences or related information.

1. apartment

2. apartment manager

3. carport

4. condominium

5. dormitory

6. down payment

7. duplex

8. furnished / unfurnished

9. gas / light / water bill

10. housing

11. landlord

12. mortgage payment

13. parking space

14. rent

15. roommate

16. security deposit

17. tenant

18. townhouse

19. utilities

20. yard

Ex. 8. Now, complete the sentences below with the best answer:

1. You have to pay a __________________ when you rent an apartment, and this money is often used to cover any damages you cause.

A) down payment B) mortgage payment C) security deposit

2. Many international students live in a ________________ on campus when they study abroad. It often doesn't have its own kitchen, but it often is furnished with a bed and desk.

A) dormitory B) townhouse C) condominium

3. According to housing rules, __________________ are not allowed to smoke or have pets in their apartments.

A) apartment managers B) tenants C) landlords

Ex. 9. What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in an apartment or owning a house (e.g., cost, amount of privacy, etc.). Also, imagine that you are looking for a two-bedroom apartment in your area. Use the Internet to locate a place that meets your needs and provides the conveniences you want.

Online Listening Practice (from www.esl-lab.com, www.dailyesl.com, andwww.ezslang.com).

Grammar: Subjunctive Mood III

The verb in the if-clause is in the past perfect tense; the verb in the main clause is in the perfect conditional. The time is past and the condition cannot be fulfilled because the action in the if-clause didn’t happen: If I had known that you were coming I would have meet you at the airport. (But I didn’t know, so I didn’t come).

 The continuous form of the perfect conditional may be used: At the time of the accident I was sitting in the back of the car, because Tom’s little boy was sitting beside him in front. If Tom’s boy had not been there I would have been sitting in front.

 W e can use the past perfect continuous in the if-clause: I was learning a seat belt. If I hadn’t been wearing one I’d have been seriously injured.

 Had can be placed first and the if omitted: I f you had obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened = Had you obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened.

Ex. 10. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.

1. If I had known that you were in hospital I (visit) you. 2. The ground was very soft. But for that, my horse (win). 3. If you (arrive) ten minutes earlier you would have got a seat. 4. You would have seen my garden at its best if you (be) here last week. 5. If I (have) a map I would have been all right. 6. If I (know) that you were coming I’d have baked a cake.6. If you had told me that he never paid his debts I (not lend) him the money. 7. If you (not sneeze) he wouldn’t have known that we were there. 8. If he had known that the river was dangerous he (not try) to swim across it. 9. If he had known the whole story he (not be) so angry. 10. Rome (be captured) by her enemies if the geese hadn’t cackled.

Ex. 11. Complete the sentence with appropriate auxilary verbs:

1 I don't know many people, but I wish I ...did... . 2 He can't drive, but he wishes he … 3 We didn't move house, but we wish we … 4 I'm not very wealthy, but I wish I …  5 She probably won't help me, but I wish she…  6 He hasn't got any pets, but he wishes he…  7 They don't go out very often, but they wish they … 8 He won't listen to my advice, but I wish he…

Ex. 12. Complete sentences with nessacery form of verbs:

1. Tom: I woke up to find the room full of smoke; but I knew exactly what to do.     Ann: If I (wake) up to find the room full of smoke I (have) no idea what to do.

2. Ann: I couldn't live without Tom. If he (go) off with another girl I (die). But I have complete confidence in Tom.

3. Husband: But I'm not going on a diet. Why should I go on a diet?      Wife: If you (go) on a diet you (lose) weight.

4. If someone (say), 'I’ll give you £500 to go into court and swear that this statement is true,' what you (do)?

5. If we (work) all night we (finish) in time; but we have no intention of working all night.

6. You must never blow out a gaslight. Do you know what (happen) if you (blow) out a gaslight?

7. A: If I (see) a tiger walking across Hyde Park I (climb) a tree.      B: That (not be) any use. The tiger (climb) after you.

8. If I (come) across two men fighting with knives I (call) the police.

9. Ann: All your clothes are years out of date. Why don't you throw them away?     Mary: Don't be ridiculous! If I (throw) my clothes away I (have) to ask my husband for £1,000 to buy new ones.     Ann:If you (ask) him for £1,000 what he (say)?     Mary: He (be) too horrified to speak at first. But when he'd recovered from the shock, he probably (start) talking about a divorce.

10. If someone (ring) my doorbell at 3 a.m. I (be) very unwilling to open the door.

11. If I (see) a python in Piccadilly I (assume) it had escaped from a circus.

12.Tom: The plane was on fire so we baled out.      Ann: I don't think I (have) the nerve to do that even if the plane (be) on fire.

13. We train the children to file out of the classroom quietly, because if a whole class (rush) at the door someone (get) hurt.

14. A:Why don't you buy a season ticket?         B:Because I lose everything. If I (buy) a season ticket I (lose) it.

15. Jack: They get £150 a week.      Tom: They can't get £150 a week. If they (do) they (not be) striking for £120.