Том 4

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!

'" = 8 " D# @ " 8 > 8 8 # " C 8- # ? # &$" > D # # > A& 8 "- #/ C# 8 D# # $& # # #" # .

""& # 8 C ? # $/ " # C# # 8#- " / $# ( <) $C 88 >8# 8$& " 8# #8 " ? " /.

'? $" & 8 # $# #"& C #""& # " #8 ?\ " # 8 " > A$ "#" 8 8 # # # # " # # C % FlowVision-HPC.

1. • 8# # ?= / " > $# C# # 8# " C " , # " $C # C 8 ## " / 8 .

? # " *, &$" # ? # & " # &$# % @ "> & . % # $ " $8 =*@ $C 88 C $ AutoCad, 8 $#% #& "* &* $!# # , $ Solid Works, 8 ?> " % > 3D ?\ >.

2. ?=# $# #$> $" # " / 8 # % # .

$#& , C# # 8# " #/ " " & ?\ " >8 8 # > 8 ? / # " #. & < $? >/ " 8 - " #"* D* & &* > A& 8 . < C 88 >/ 8$& " FlowVisionHPC $% & $# * " & % 8 / "#" 8>, C &$" > D # % @ " «< # > ?\ >» («< ») # $% & @ "- * " , D #/ 8 8 # " = # .

3. < 8 > ? / # " # # >? 8 ? & " #.

'" ? / # " # $# " "& @=#8# $8- 8#: $& " * ª = 1000, C/83; % " * ¦ = 0,001, C/(8¬"); 8 &* # — *@ " # " *. $> D # $? > % C # - D / $#8 #8 " # " / k-¨ 8 ? & " #.

4. < " # " / " #.

'FlowVision-HPC " " % " A$: ) ?= ""@ ?& " * " %8 " *@ "C = # ; ?) $# " # $ «< »,$% & %?# * / # " # $ 8 $& #@. - # " # 8 #%# , " #%8 " " " ## " # =#8#" ?\ 8#.

5. < & # % &* C# # 8# " C " .

< " &* " ?& " *, 8 & "*, & " % 8 /,& $& # #" # $ ? #8 % # $& # &*- > $& " " / # $" /.

191

. . # * , .; ! . .3. 5 4 , . . ., . ( % «# »)

& D # #" # $C % > " (< ), >/ 8 8 & @=# " " 8>8# A 8# >8# A C " 8#, 8 " # * / #% " 8> > % " 8 / $& A C # #. E- C& " $C 88 « #% # A& A C # # ""## $# 2020 C » $& # " " # A "$& #@ ? & 80 < " 88 / 8 = " *@ & 20 ' . ' 8 "& $ $& C " &* " # &*" > < , # 8 #% # " = " @=# < $8 « " / #» " & 8-#% 8. ' " %# " A #8 8# ?>& $& " 8 < , 8 #"$&*% *" & 8 #% ## 8 &* " D# $?# > ?& " &* >8 & # 8 "- C $ 13 < # 8$> 540 °E.

#% " , $#8 # C ## $?# / " , - ? @= / " " < , & " & " ? % >8 " %# " $>D- # 8 8$> =# C % &-#% [1], C # #-%8 " * #"$&*% # $C % > " #8 @=# " $> ?# . < & " 8 # >/ " .

8# ?>& ""8 #% # < " >8 & 8-#% 8, C $C >, $"$@= / ? ? >" C & # , " = " & " % " A 8 /% >" C - & # , % " C # > ? $ $/ ?# . < # A 8, " $& > =# C % , ?>& $ -$/ # & A 8 /% 8 >" C & # , $ - @ " $?# 8 # & #% C & # . ' % #"#8 " #>? > $8 #% C & # , %8 ? $ - >D # $ $#% # &* " # C , ? $>D # $ - 8 $, $"$@= C $?# >/ # &. ' % &* $ - # &* > " , $> & $& / " 8> < , A!- !# # $& % C /" # $?# / " # $>"#&" " 36 40 %, $# " < " / $C % / " # " 56 58,3 %. 8$ -C % , $# @=# &-#% , " " $# A 8 $# " # #%8 / # $>D 100 °E.

#8 ? % 8, $& " 8 < , $% & 8 #%# *" = " @=# $?# > A C ?& # " 8# #8 8 #%8- #/ # " #@.

0 +

1. .. % ?# >/ # $C % > " # $& > A& "- #/. .: % &*" , 2002.

192

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! FLUENT

' /D#8 A& 8 8 $/ ?# > & " $"& "$* " # #% C & # (Š ), $& #"& > &$ # - !#C #@ ?# >, A 8# " *, " / # " * ? > - ?# > $8 > #8 .

!! # " * ? > $"& / "$# " = " % #"# $!# # "$& C $$ # ? / &$# [1]. #

# " #/ ! 8, " # > " ? " /, $8 " &* , # #""& # > " " "D 8 %- >8 # % /8 8 C 8 #: "$" # A$> $# # , #%C & # , $C # C " , $# A "$#8 , ? ? # % &* % #8 @ # 8 " .

< #8 # CFD-" $% & D# * ? &*D# " >D$#- " > $?& 8 — > #" &* > 8 = " #, " > $C 88>, % ? # ?& " # CFD " & C 8 >/ D C $ % $"& # 15 & . ' " = 8 &* $# * $"& @@ "$*? % 8 C " , #8 8 $" %- # $% & "8 * A!! > "& C ? # &$. - C / " ? " *@ $# # # " $"& / "$# & " ? & 8 $.

' " ?\ #""& # ""8 # #% # $ - "& / "$# " >" / ? / &$# 1400 88, % ? / ! «< ». E$& D #8 $" " $!#- # .

& 8 # # & C $ "$# ?>& $#8 8 &* 8 C ! % " # WetSteam $# 8 ? & " # k-¨ realizable [2]. < 8 > $ : $& & # , $& 8$, C & # $. > : " # " & # .

" > >$& > -A& 8 / " ( ?>& $ - " $C 88 ICEM CFD) %8 8 1,5 8& .

< #8 # % > " 8 " ?& # " # $# $& # &*- >8 % &* 8: &* $" / $, # " # #@ $*# $#! ##.

0 +

1.( #$! . . < "& # "$# $> ?# . .: % &*"

, 2007. 64 ".

2.Fluent Inc. Fluent 6.3 User’s guide.

193

. . # , .; ! . . . 4 , . . ., . ( % «# »)

CFD-

% # 8# " # #""& # !#%# " # $"" # " /" A C # " # " , >$& 8> CFD-8 8#, $"& - 8 % " / 8 " # / &* " #, " % / " $ - # # 8 " 8 C $& A C # " C ? # . # $% & @ $#8#%# * " # > D # #%C & # $ - C $> C ? % , " = " " # 8 # &* > # 8 > % > $> > #"$> # . < " & #""& # & " #8 #% " &* # #""& #/ $? C , >$& > $# $8 =# $C 88 C 8$& " «ANSYS CFX».

/ #% $" & > % ?>& #% # $& C " " # C- % % GM-32 8 / !# 8> SICK $# #% # 8$ @= C % . ""& # $% , " # C &* 8$ % # $#? "D 8 8 & & 8 &* C ! # # # " 8$ $#? . ' " D # / $?& 8> ?>& $& #"$&*% * $& # &* >/ ? C 8>/ . •>& $& " # # 3-D 8- . •>& $& #$ #% & ##, &=# $& # # $# $8 =# CFD A "$#8 . < & " # C &* % # 8$> % # $% $#? ! # # * 8 &* > "& # .

C / $/ % / ? > ?>& 8 # # $ &$ % "$ &* / D # & $#& C " " ` E' . E$# & # D # ?>& "" # $ & ""# " #8 A # 8# " #8 8 8, # $# $8 =# CFD $> . 8, #% 8 # & D /" # &* " *, 8 ? " # * $"& $# " > #"$> #/.

?> $> #""& # $ $& #@ "$# & #/ ? > $ # $ $& #@ A # 8# " / # > # # . ""8 # "* 8$> "$& # " # A > $& /. &" $"" C # #C @=# " /" - &-#% .

' % &* ? > ?> " > " > $# #$> > #" &*- / C# C % # 8# # " > 8 > !#%# " # % #.

194

. . ' , .; ! . . . 4 , . . ., . ( % «# »)

' " = 8 " ? $ $#" # % ? ! > 8 " #/ " > / •. E# # "& " 8, #%-% #% # 8$ ? #8 $# * ? 8>/ * " # ! #. #8 #% "$" ? # ! # & " % $ ! " > $& " > [1]. E A / &*@ "#& 8# «F# »

# !. < E « » ?>& % ? 8 ?#&* >/ $C >/ 8$& " " $8 >8 & 8 <-10-30-400. " >8 # 8 $ & " $ $>/ C %, % >8 — $# >/. & " " / " # ? " % 8 >8 $ $8 # & 8, $ $"& C $" ! / $& " % C &* @ " # ("8. #". 1), & # $C C $ ? #8 & $& # # "- 8 " C "$# & # , , % &* $ $& C % /" #$& " , 8 " . #8 ? % 8, & ? "& # $" #%8 @= /" #" # # " #, " % "& " # $&- ##. ' # C , " $& # " %$" " #/ $#% " , % # & % $ #@ #$% " / # / # A 8# / ? >. < " # #"$> #/ ?>& $ 2011 C < D # " 8 8 " ## ? C" / ?& " # "- # " $&* >8# $8 8# $ 16 < # 350 °E. ' 2013 C $&- # " % D# * ? > $ ? #@ " # & % # $ ! > $& " > " C& ?# / % & C # ? & 1,5 8 # $" # #"$> # 8$& " 8# &* > $8 (30 < # 400 °E).

. 1. =$ !F* ! '-10-30-400 # )& $!

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1. . . % > # C % > 8 > % /" # ! > $& " >. .: % #& $"", 2006.

195

.8. , ! .; ! . . . " ! , . . ., . ( % «# »)

#8 #% #? & > "#" 8 8 ?#&* C C# " C ?-& " "#" 8 8 # " / " ?#% ## C #% &* C $&- # $& ! 8> ? " &*@ $= # $ ? , -8 # " "#" 8 C # " ? % #"#8 " #> "& #/.

< # % ? / "#" 8> " ? #8 # ?>& & ?>"- /" #@. †# #% " >/ & ""# " #/ "$" ? " ?#% ## $&- ! 8 & C# > "#" 8 " " =#/ $"& &* / " ?#% ## & C& $&* C & # , % 8 C& $ $C & # ,

# — " ?#% ## " ? & " " &C /$# / 8 #. # > , " % # 8 ?#&* C - ? — A ? A " 8 &* > "& # , C > "& # 8- @ " $" , >/ # "#" 8> " ?#% ## $#C . •>& ""8 >/ $ D ## / $?& 8> " #"$&*% # 8 ## # 8 " (fuzzy-& C# #) "#" 8 $& # . E#" 8$& # " ?>" /" @=# # C& & # (# 8 ) >?# $#8 &* >/ $ ?>" /" #@ $* " ?#- % ## $& ! 8> % " >? C# # (C# # ), ? "$ - # @=# " ?#% #@ C #% &* C $& # " 8# #8 &* >8 - " 8 $#/. < "& A C , $#% # " " ?#% # " . "$&*% # C 8 $% & " # * #"& $#/ "#- " 8 " ?#% ## % " # ?\ # # .

'" MatLab Simulink ?>& " % C !# " 8 8 # " 8 &*, #8# # @= ? / "#" 8>. '>$& % # 8#- " # $"" , $@=# "#& / " # "#" 8>, > $#- " # 8 ## A "$& ## > "#" 8.

'& ? ## # " # -• " " #"$&*% # 8 ? # 8$## Festo ?>& " % !#%# " 8 &*, #8# # @= ? / "#" 8>. & # " " 8 $& # % " #"$&*- % # 8 E< Siemens S-300. ' " $C 88# # «Simantic Step 7»$#" $C 88 $& # . % &* ? > % !# "# !- # # 8 # & .

< & > % &* > 8 C ?> * #"$&*% > $# $# ## 8 ?#&* > C# " # "#" 8, " # > $% 8 #"$&*% # "#" 8 8 # " / " ?#% ## $& # $& ! 8>.

196

". . , .; ! . . . !/ , . . ., . ( " %, *. )

ANSYSFLUENT

'" = 8 D# "$" # $& #& 8 8 #- " 8 # $"" $#" =# "& > $8>D& > " . " % " 8, & $& # #" 8> $8 ? > ? # ? #8 $# * $8>D& > # & ?- > A "$#8 >, " @ * C , &C , # C # %- 8 . 8 # " 8 # $% & " #%# * % > $# $8>D& > A "$#8 # #" &@ # * D#? # $#- # ? # .

'" # " 8 & 8 # ? > "#" 8> $8- "$ ?>& >? $C 88-> #" &* >/ 8$& " AnsysFluent. < C 88 >/ $ Fluent $% & 8 * ? "#" 8> $8 "$ " 8 8 C# ! : " # A&- 8 " #, 8$ % , " " * % # . .

& 8 # ?>& >? $8 8 >/ " ", #8-$# $8 =# C A& 8 # " = " & " "$# ">- $C 8 # & .

< # 8 ## ?> ""8 > &* " # # & : $ " C % 8 # $"" >C % # 8 # & 8 # &$ - , A # 8 8 > 8 # $?& " #? &*D " A C##.

& $" # " / " # Mesh- ?>& $#8 ! # «Fills» & " C > & C ?\ 8 («ByCaps»). < #8 # A C "$" ? $% & #%? * $?& 8 " " > / " / C 8 #- " / 8 # $" # * " @ " &* ?& " # ? #- 8 / & 8 # .

< "& $" # " # ?> >$& > " / # " # : "-

& #8 " " # C $"" # >? 8 &* /&-" $&@ # 8 8 & #"$" > " # . ' " 8 ?- & " # ?>& >? k-¨. & ?> % > C # > "& # .

' % &* 8 # ?> $& > > $"" , $ - =# $8 8 8 " " # " C 8 # ? > "#"- 8> $8 "$ $# %C % 8 # & .

197

. . , .; ! . .3. 5 4 , . . ., . ( % «# »)

-

'A C # " 8 8 D# " ## C& 8 % #8 #% &* > 8 " , ! # &* ? "$# "" # , #%8- # " " > # >$& $# &* @ # % =# @ &* [1].

E A # 8# " / # % # # &* / " ? " *@ C&- > &$ & " $ $ # $> " 90 - "# &* C $? . ?" &*" " * % D "@ # # # & " $# # / $>D C "$# & # # $ - & # ? &*D# # 8# " # C % , /" @=# " A& 8 > $/ " # &$ # "#" 8 ?$ [2].

C& > ?>" /" @=# %$ -" > &$> (•F ), " 8> C& > $ $ E # #"$&*% 8> "#"- 8 % =# >, %> @ ? &*D # A 8# " * # " * ? > ?# > # " C A C ?& & 8 [3, 4].

'$" & > 8 # & $# " % &* > 8 8 # " C 8 # #/ •F , $% & @=# > # * #? & $?&- 8 # > " # % # C# C % # 8# # ?& " # # # % ?- * A!! # > 8 > $ " ?#% ## # % > ?& " .

!! # " * $& > 8 $" >8# $8 C !#%# " C 8 # "$# &* > A "$#8 &* > "- , > @ %8 " * $ * " > , "#& > , #? #- > # " # " # #" # # C& > &$.

'% &@ # &* / " # #""& #/ $# # " >/ #$ C& C •F , " % C " ## #"$&*% # 8 # & 8 8 #- " C # !#%# " C 8 # #/ $> " C& > &$ # ?& @= C #% #8 C# " #8 "$# & # 8, $#- >8 " # " #8 #%& # 8, $&* #% #8 8 # 8# " # "#&, "$# #8 8> D 8.

0 +

1.= . . ? "$# ?$/ 8 / E C $&- # // 8 " # . 2007. |3.

2.. ., $ (.'. C @=# # "$ -C @=# &$> $> ?# . .: % &*" , 2005.

3.- $& . . $8 " # # &C " # 8 && #? # @=# ?$ $& A C # " # " // & # " # " ##. 1986. | 6.

4.F . ., 1 ! . ., (+! . ., += & .X. < > # C % > ?# > & A& " #/. .: % &*" , 2008.

198

.'. , ! .; ! . ".#. # *! , . . ., . ( % «# »)

†# #"$&*% 8> ""## # % ? 8 $C > " " > " # (< ) $# ? "D C / ?> #% " # ! # " C # C& ? C % & C # #8 @ "& @=# " > " #:

-"$& # $C C " " A& #C & 8 D # # # > $% $&@ > " /" ;

-C % "$ " " & # $& " / ! "- = / # " # (< U) $& " / > # $# $#8 " /, $ " # / < U " #C 10 # ? & $;

-C % "$ # # C #"$& # " # > $D # "$# >/ ? ? (E•) ?&@ @ " ? %- # $#! #/ > $ $> # #/ $ " $"& @=#8 $>D- >8 ? %# >8 #% " 8 $" D ;

-#"$C > #% @ " >8# " >8# %8 8#, C# " #8# # ?\ 8 >8# $8#.

-# " / % / " = / % ? # & & "* " % # ? & /, &C / # A C # " # A!! # / < .

"$& # A& #C & $C >8 " " 8 $% & " = " $>"# * # # # > " /" $&@ > " /" # # * # 8 $" $C C " " , %- 8 " * $>"# * $" * " #.

"$&*% # C C & # C "$ - C &$" C " " $% & "& ?# * # "# " * ? >"$*.

E$# &* ! 8 8 &$" > & E• ? "$# $>- D >/ $& # &* >/ # &* >/ C # & # , ? #8>/ & A!! # C % & # " , # $= $& # «C % > $ - ? » & & 8 $" " % " ! 8# # # &*- C " C C # & # .

" /" $% & & * #% < U &* C % > !- ## $" " , # &> $#8 "# " $>D- / $& " *@, 8 #"& >, $" " . D # $>D ?\ 8 >/ < " #, " " # " *;

"$& # #"$C # C "$C "- C " " $>D C < , #%-% % 8 C C $/ - " # A!! « # " C " " » # %$& > "$/ $ $> $8 = #/ "& ? C & " = " & " $"" #"$C# # $ $>D / # "# " #.

199

.2. , ! .; . . 0 : , .; ! . .". " , . . ., . ( % «# »)

-

" >8 #" # 8 % D # > 8 ?# > &$ - , ? @=# ?& " # & C $, & @ " $> $, !- 8# 8> $# " # / $& # " > > 8 "$& > &$ - . & 8# #8#% ## C # C # A %# > $"" D#-@ " # > 8 > ? *?> " $>8# " # 8# #- " #, > 8 *D @ " # %8 > $&* % "$& / D / — # &* "$# # C @= C $. #8 #% " > # # A!! # " # A # 8 & " ! 8 *D # "- # %8 $&* % "$& / D /.

' / ? $" & "-A "$#8 &* 8 # # $& " # %8 $> $&* &$8 $. " >8# >8# & @ " > $& " " / $/ # #- / ! %. #" # # $&* $& @ " A "$#8 &* " $8- =*@ & # C 8 & % / # C " # # PIV. < 8 > $ - / ! %> $& @ " " $8 =*@ CFD Ansys Fluent " #"$&*%- # 8 8 8 # " / 8 & C $. & $& # "- / " / # > "$& # $8 &-$C $ -?> 8 #!# # >: k-¨ 8 &* ? & " # " " ## " [1], " /" > # C $ " " ## " [2].

# #!# # A "$#8 &* 8 " '<-2 " # @= 8" "$& $# % / &* / & " # $. < % "$& # #"$" C " " $/ & C# % "$& / - D /: $& ?& " * $#" " # , $& > $& "$& # " # # 8 , > & > " > #" # # ?& # - $&*.

; ; " 12-08-31378-_ _2012 #.

0 +

1.. ., &* 0. ., 1 ! . . ' # ? & " # " # @ # " # @ "$@ " #@ $ "% > "$& // $& !#%# >" # 8$. 2007. . 45. |5.

2.Wagner W., Pru‰ A. The IAPWS Formulation 1995 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water Substance for General and Scientific Use // Phys. Chem. Ref. Data. 2002. Vol. 31. | 2.

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