V семестр

Тема: «Reading Habits»

Грамматика: Conditionals (Условные предложения)

Различают четыре типа (тип 0, тип 1, тип 2, тип 3) условных предложений. Каждый тип состоит из двух частей: придаточного предложения (if-clause), выражающего условие и главного предложения (main clause), выражающего следствие, которое вытекает из этого условия. Обычно условное придаточное предложение начинается со слов if, when.

Когда условное придаточное предложение стоит перед главным предложением, они разделяются запятой. В обратном случае – нет.

e.g. If Peter has time, he will come to visit us.

Peter will come to visit us if he has time.

1 Условные предложения Тип 0

Условные предложения нулевого типа выражают непреложные истины/ законы природы или привычки человека. Условные предложения нулевого типа образуются следующим образом:

if -clause	main clause
if + present simple	present simple

e.g. If you mix yellow and blue, you get green.

If I have a headache, I drink hot tea with honey.

2 Условные предложения Тип 1

Условные предложения первого типа выражают реальную либо очень вероятную ситуацию в настоящем или будущем. Условные предложения первого типа образуются следующим образом:

if -clause	main clause
if + present simple	- present simple - imperative - can/must/may,etc + bare infinitive

e.g. If Harry doesn’t phone, we’ll leave without him.

If you go to London, you can see Big Ben.

If you are hungry, make a sandwich.

3 Условные предложения Тип 2

Условные предложения второго типа выражают нереальную, воображаемую либо маловероятную ситуацию, которая вряд ли реализуется в настоящем или будущем. Условные предложения второго типа образуются следующим образом:

if -clause	main clause
if + past simple	would/could/might + bare infinitive

E.g. If I had time, I would take up a sport.

If we had enough money, we could buy these books.

4 Условные предложения Тип 3

Условные предложения третьего типа выражают воображаемые ситуации в прошлом, которые не реализовались. Условные предложения третьего типа образуются следующим образом:

if -clause	main clause
if + past perfect	would/could/might + have + past participle

E.g. If she had called earlier, I would have told her about the meeting.

If you hadn’t been in a hurry, you might not have forgotten your keys.

Тема: «Reading Habits»

Список слов:

Books genres 1. novel 2. biography 3. autobiography 4. cookery book 5. crime story/ detective story 6. diary 7. directory 8. manual 9. encyclopaedia 10. fable 11. guidebook 12. love story 13. memoirs 14. ode 15. poem 16. play 17. puzzle book 18. sonnet 19. fairy-tale 20. textbook 21. tragedy 22. travel book 23. saga 24. dictionary 25. rhyme Types of literature fiction science-fiction fantazy classic literature modern literature reference literature poetry scientific literature technical literature belles-lettres Parts of books: binding chapter hardback paperback dedication foreword acknowledgement appendix blurb glossary illustration bibliography index paragraph footnotes Ways of reading to read from cover to cover to read in a gulp to reread to scan to skim to browse to edit to proof-read to publish to review

жанры роман биография автобиография поваренная книга детектив дневник справочник инструкция энциклопедия басня путеводитель рассказ о любви воспоминания ода поэма пьеса кроссворды сонет сказка учебник трагедия книга о путешествии сага словарь четверостишие типы литературы художественная литература научная фантастика фэнтэзи классическая литература современная литература справочная литература поэзия научная литература техническая литература беллетристика части книг переплет глава твердая обложка мягкая обложка посвящение предисловие признательность приложение реклама словарь терминов иллюстрация библиография указатель параграф сноски способы чтения читать от корки до корки прочитать «залпом» перечитать прочитать бегло читать быстро небрежно просматривать редактировать корректировать издавать рецензировать

Контрольная работа №6 Вариант 1

Задание 1 Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст. Подготовьте хорошее чтение §1.

What do we read for?

1. Reading is the favourite pastime of intellectuals of all the world, and it usually takes a good deal of their free time. People read books, magazines and newspapers on different reasons, but mostly for recreation or in order to get informed about the news, ideas, or achievements. Reading is a considerable power to influence our thoughts, feelings and emotions. Reading is very useful, because books enrich our experience with that of the other people. Besides, books help us to continue our education. The world of books is enormous. Many people are fond of reading and their interests are different. "Tastes differ”, they say. Some people enjoy reading romantic novels but others think they are boring. Some people prefer reading thrilling stories or whodunit stories.

2. So it is rather difficult to give advice on reading. Francis Bacon is the author of many famous essays. He lived about the same time as Shakespeare. They are full of good things about reading. His most famous words about books are the following: "Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested." This quotation tells you how to read books of different kinds. I suppose most romantic novels are "to be tasted": it's enough to dip into them and read leisurely. If you are fond of crime stories you will read them quickly, you'll swallow them: a book is on an important subject, and a subject you are interested in, you will want to chew and digest it. And you will want to weigh what the author says and consider his ideas and arguments.

3 The process of reading books in a foreign language can be rather slow. So it is wiser to choose a book "made simple". There are some authors whose style is fairly easy, Oscar Wilde for example. His books are so popular in European schools and colleges because the short stories are written in a very simple style.

4 I enjoy books of different genres: love and detective stories, thrillers and historical novels, tales, works of classical and modern writers. I'm sure that L.Tolstoy, D. Dostoevsky, A. Chekhov, A. Pushkin are as popular as they used to be. I’m a great lover of the English and American literature. I read the books after English and American authors in translation and try to read in the original. I try to get acquainted with popular works and best-sellers. Luckily there is a big choice of various books in book shops and stalls.

5 I can't imagine my life without reading. "Except a living man there is nothing more wonderful than a book"-, said one clever man. Books teach us what is right and what is wrong, to understand the world and people in it. They mould our character and at the same time tell us exciting stories.

6 Agatha Christie is a well-known English detective story writer and my favourite author. Agatha and her elder sister didn't get the traditional education. At home they had a private tutor who taught them a foreign language and how to knit and sew. As Agatha was gifted for music and singing, the family borrowed money to send Agatha to Paris to better teachers. But she didn't finally make a singer. When Agatha was twenty-five, she made a bet with her sister that she would write a detective story, and she did it. Thus, in 1915 Agatha's first detective story.

Задание 2 Найдите в тексте ответы на следующие вопросы. Запишите их.

1. Why do people read books?

2. What did Francis Bacon say about books?

3. Why are the books by Oscar Wylde very popular for schoolchildren?

4. What do books teach us?

5. Did Agatha Christie study at University?

6. What are the names of A. Christie’s most famous book characters?

Задание 3 Найдите в тексте и выпишите слова, отражающие жанры литературы.

Задание 4 Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских слов и выражений. Составьте с ними свои предложения.

1. любимое времяпровождение 2. о вкусах не спорят 3. цитата 4.увлекаться чтением детективов 5.написаны очень простым языком

6. разные жанры 7. такие же популярные, как и раньше 8. читать в оригинале 9. большой выбор разных книг 10.быть одаренным

Задание 5 Перепишите предложения, поставив глаголы в правильную форму в следующих условных предложениях 1, 2, 3 типа.

1. условные предложения 1 типа.

1. If I … to Moscow, I… the Tretyakov Gallery (go, visit).

2. If you … to my birthday next Saturday, I… you with all my friends.(come, meet).

3. If you … to the theatre with me, you… a very good performance.(go, see).

4. If you … Shakspeare’s sonnets, you… a lot of words about love there. (read, find.)

5. If you … by computer too long, you… your eyes (sit, damage).

2. условные предложения 2 типа.

1. If I were you, I … to him anymore. (not talk).

2. If I was a writer, I … in SF genre. (write).

3. If you … the guitar now, I would play and sing a song for you. (have).

4. If you liked to read detectives, I … you some books by A. Christie. (give).

5. If I … in Moscow, I would propably study at Moscow State University. (live).

3. условные предложения 3 типа.

1. If I had been born a genius, I… something important. (invent).

2. If you … all the exams last year, you wouldn’t have had such problems.(pass)

3. If you… that book on your holidays, you would have been able to discuss it at the exam with your teacher. (read).

4. If you had read the instruction to the washing-machine, you … it. (not damage).

5. If the coach had taken me in his team last year, I…to do my best to win the competition (try).

Задание 6 Заполните пропуски правильными формами глагола.