6. Academic translation skills development

Task 10. Read the following text and choose the best translation to the words in italics.

Some (1) have questioned whether or not the UN might be (2) relevant in the 21^st century. While the UN’s first and second Charter mandates require the UN: “to maintain international peace and security… (and if necessary to enforce the peace by) taking (3) preventive or enforcement action,” due to its restrictive administrative structure, the permanent members of the Security Council themselves have sometimes prevented the UN from fully carrying out its first mandates. Without the unanimous (4) approval, support of all 5 of the permanent members of the UN’s Security Council, the UN’s charter only (5) enables it to “observe”, report on and make recommendations regarding international conflicts. Such (6) unanimity on the Security Council regarding the authorization of (7) armed UN enforcement actions has not always been reached in time to prevent (8) outbreak of international wars. Even with all of these restraints and limitations in place on the UN’s abilities to respond to situations of conflict, still various studies have found the UN to have had many notable successes in the 65 years of existence.

1. a) задавали вопрос; в) интересовались; с) любопытствовали.

2. а) относиться; в) соответствовать; с) быть релевантным.

3. а) предупредительный; в) предварительный; с) превентивный.

4. а) утверждение; в) принятие; с) одобрение.

5. а) способствует; в) позволяет; с) предполагает

6. а) единодушие; в) единство; с) уния.

7. а) действия вооруженных сил ООН; в) военные действия ООН; с) военизированные действия ООН.

Task 11. Practice translating the following texts into your native language.

Text 1 peacekeeping and security

The UN, after approval by the Security Council, sends peacekeepers to regions where armed conflict has recently ceased or paused to enforce the terms of peace agreements and to discourage combatants from resuming hostilities. Since the UN does not maintain its own military, peacekeeping forces are voluntary provided by member states of the UN. The forces, also called the “Blue Helmets”, who enforce UN accords, are awarded United Nations Medals, which are considered international decorations instead of military decorations. The peacekeeping force as a whole received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1988.

The founders of the UN had envisaged that the organization would act to prevent conflicts between nations and make future wars impossible, however the outbreak of the Cold War made peacekeeping agreements extremely difficult because of the division of the world into hostile camps. Following the end of the Cold War, there were renewed calls for the UN to become the agency for achieving world peace, as there are several dozen ongoing conflicts that continue to rage the globe.

In addition to peacekeeping, the UN is also active in encouraging disarmament. Regulation of armaments was included in the writing id the UN Charter in 1045 and was envisioned as a ay of limiting the use of human and economic resources for the creation of them. However, the advent of nuclear weapons came only weeks after the signing of the charter and immediately halted concepts of arms limitation and disarmament, resulting in the first resolution of the first ever General Assembly meeting calling for specific proposals for “the elimination from national armaments of atomic weapons and of all other major weapons adaptable to mass destruction”.

The UN is one of the official supporters of the World Security Forum, a major international conference on the effects of the catastrophes and disasters, which took place in the United Arab Emirates in October 2008.