Translation № 21

1. The muon-to-electron decay does not occur in the simplest conceivable way which would be for the moun to change spontaneously into an electron and a photon through the electromagnetic interaction, instead the muon is seen to decay through the weak interaction into three particles: an electron, an electron antineutrino and a muon neutrino.

2. The width of lines in the gas cloud is commonly expressed in units of velocity rather than wavelength because it is the motions of the gas cloud and of its constituents that are of utmost interest.

3. The density of the material of the sample remaining almost constant throughout the zone, the composition of the sample is usually supposed to be the same throughout.

4. Indeed, tolerance to be expected only with signal specifications does exist.

5. Being exceedingly successful with water tight materials the principle proved a useful tool as to the choice of trial material.

6. But for retardation all transparent crystals would be recrystallized each time the temperature cooled below 132 C and would rapidly disintegrate to powder.

7. However, placed in this large transition region are shocks (скачки уплотнения) where the transition does occur over distances comparable with the local free path.

8. Valuable though the conclusions drawn are, it would be unreasonable to generalize them in view of the vague nature of their derivaiton.

9. In view of the possibility of many eigen modes being excited, a detailed nonlinear theory for low pressures might be very difficult.

10. When corrected, the formula given is valid for any propagating medium for which the field equations are derivable from a quadratic Lagrangian density.

11. It is the purpose of the present paper to extend the measurements of Dalton to higher temperatures and to give an interpretation based on the effect a valence band exerts on a recombination level within the forbidden energy gap.

Translation № 22

1. Although the Cooper pair is made up of electrons, its properties are sufficiently different from those of the electron for it to be treated as an entirely new kind of conducting particles.

2. Surrounding this central metallic core (of the Earth) there is a second shell with its upper boundary 750 miles below the surface.

3. Once the field has vanished and the current has ceased, the capacitance (конденсатор) is found to be in a charged condition, the upper plate being negative and the lower plate being positive.

4. Having been verified via Laplace transformation, the algorithm presented turned out to be a vast oversimplification.

5. Plotted in Fig.2 versus shock velocity are bands of the ratio of electron concentration with water vapour.

6. On plotting the signals versus time we found them to have a similar shape.

7. Once the general conservation laws of physics have been verified as holding good for high energy collisions of ultimate particles, physicists can proceed to the question of the mechanism known to govern the reaction.

8. Not only are these suggestions instructive but gradually through them vague thoughts and ideas can be crystallized into an approach.

9. Because the conductivities of the model and the earth’s core (ядро) are roughly the same it is the vast difference between the radius of the model and the radius of the core that explains why currents in the core can last considerably longer than those in the model.

10. Careful observation reveals that the disturbance becomes less pronounced when moving away from the source and eventually it vanishes completely.

11. It is worth noting that for an object placed beyond the focal point of the mirror, reflected wave fronts converge along all lateral directions to focus at a point on the observer’s side of the mirror.

Translation № 23

1. It is the special role of radar in the accurate measurements of distance which is vital to the planning of space probes.

2. An astronomer studying an optical object traditionally undertakes to measure its different properties and besides find out whether or not these properties vary with time.

3. Acting in opposition to the chain termination processes (реакции обрыва цепи) are the chain reactions. Many chain reactions are known to underlie chemical laser performance.

4. Introducing a new reference system he violated the principle known to underlie the system under consideration.

5. To devise an experimental arrangement permitting a measurement of quantities of up to third order was of the utmost importance in order to obtain a decisive experimental test of the postulate of the relativity.

6. What is of utmost interest here is to speculate on the origin of an energy barrier: if it will vanish or will it ultimately become appreciable in the case of a perfect, ideally pure sample.

7. Considered as a shape in space, any flat figure is, in a way, symmetrical, its own plane being the plane of symmetry.

8. Although the first echoes from the sun were too weak to yield much new information, they did show that important solar studies could be made with the radar system now under way.

9. Whatever type of a reactor is utilized, it is vital that all welds (сварной шов) be of the highest possible standard, which prevents radioactive gas leakage.

10. Imposing a mass on the quanta of the charged fields does not make the fields vanish, but it does confine them to a finite range.

11. An isolated, unconstrained ring of Saturn will spread until its particles are far enough apart for their collisions to virtually cease.

12. It is in this immediate vicinity that the streamlets would be expected to experience the same pronounced curvature as the obstacle.

Translation № 24

1. To go from the digital representation of the information in the image to one that can serve as the input to a digital computer calls for further steps.

2. Viewed in their own frame of reference the antiprotons form a gas, and their random motions are indicative of a temperature.

3. An image having been digitized (преобразовывать в цифровую форму) and transmitted to a computer, various mathematical operations can be performed on the data in order to enhance the visual quality of the image.

4. Since several different forms of the patterns of frost can be seen growing on the same window, usually at various heights, the temperature must vary by at least a few degrees over the window.

5. When penetrating matter the paths the cosmic rays followed led to the site of a violent collision between the cosmic ray particle and an atomic nucleus. Leaving the site were the paths of many fast subatomic particles referred to as secondary cosmic rays.

6. The coder (кодирующее устройство) causes a series of number and/or alphabetic information to be inserted into the input device, which results in bits of information being stored (хранить) in the storage unit.

7. Only when the power was enlarged to yield densities well above 10g/cm did the ratio involved substantially increase.

8. What our immediate predecessors (предки) lacked were the observations tools that have finally provided the evidence to prove some of the early speculations.

9. Unlike the Coma-A 1367 supercluster , the Hercules system is not dominated by one of two clusters. Nevertheless, it is similar to the Coma-A 1367 supercluster in having a vast empty region in the foreground (передний план).

10. Used instead of Eq.(1) in the coupled set of equations previously leading to ion waves, the solution is no longer valid.

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