Translation № 12

1. The contrast (динамич. диапазон ) ratio was found to be larger for unamplified pulses, which is thought to result from the lack of spontaneous emission background from the amplifiers.

2. That such a time-lag might be desirable follows from the paradoxical aspects of the idea of instability when applied to propagating systems.

3. We can expect this inevitable noise level to be lowered only at the expense of added time, lower resolution of the amplifier or increasing illumination of the surface.

4. Not only does water expand when it is being cooled between 4 and 0° but when it changes to the solid there is marked expansion.

5. It is the purpose of this note to show that the theory is not valid, the power growth predicted being misleading and due to misinterpretation of the dispersion equation.

6. The question of whether the definition given in (18) holds in other kinds of problems as well or is merely an approximation to a more general term clearly could not be answered so far.

7. It is the paradox encountered in this mental exercise that does not permit any valid theories to be established.

8. One can't help remarking here that solid helium cannot be made merely by reducing the temperature of the liquid as is the case for all other substances.

9. Having been injected into the region of strong magnetic field electrons were captured by the traps (ловушка) instead of recombining with holes to produce lasing emission.

10. Varying the hard sphere diameter in ways other than that of the Barker-Henderson method led to further improvement in the results obtained.

11. Whatever the mechanism it is clear from Fig.2 that both critical field and current density are needed for matching to occur.

Translation № 13

1. The discrepancy will be partially made up for by the change of refractive index so that the error is unlikely to be in excess of 0,25%.

2. The point of importance is how to make up for the missing data without making use of some extra facilities.

3. The spectra of the intermediate reactions may be due to a number of nuclear characteristics, the pressure of nuclear masses of moderate magnitudes being one cause.

4. It is worth while observing at this point that the value of the signal would be pretty low were there no overlapping.

5. It was Young himself who pointed out the pertinence of his discovery concerning interference of light waves to the arcs (дуги) of the rainbow (радуга).

6. We consider general rules predicting the direction in which the process is influenced by outer forces to be very desirable from the practical point of view.

7. As a result, the insistent demand is that a mass spectrometer intended for an investigation of the upper atmosphere should be exceedingly reliable and simple in opera ion.

8. Moreover, the bands inherent to the 9^th-isomer turned out to be missing for the 8^th one.

9. These approximations permit calculations to be made in a simple and fairly explicit fashion, yet with nothing essential omitted as far as we can see.

10. At positions on the cloud other than the position of the infrared source the emitted lines had the narrow widths we had originally expected.

11. During two periods of the year the sundial is seen to be slow because its time lags behind the local mean time.

12. While very difficult, such an experiment could provide valuable insight into the relation between the turbulence and plasma transport.

13. Finally one should remark that however valid the superposition principle is, it is to be applied with caution to a rotating system.

Translation № 14

1. One can’t help mentioning that in the red giants the cause of the winds is still obscure and likely to be complex.

2. More recent studies have been concentrated on the obscure bodies likely to persist in the Earth’s radiation belt, particular attention being paid to the changes they might experience.

3. For the fluid to continue circulating buoyancy forces (выталкивающая сила) must persist and such forces can be maintained either by a continuous source of heat or by a continuous source of less dense material.

4. It is desirable that care should be taken to simplify the result to be processed.

5. Prior to the discovery of the psi particle all the known hadrons could be accounted for by assuming that they represented various combinations of three different of quarks (labeled “up”, “down” and “strange”) and their corresponding antiquarks.

6. Should the current induced in the disk be fed back into the coil the magnetic field will be preserved, provided the disk is kept spinning.

7. It was not until numerous pilot tests were performed that high reliability of the suggested design was provided for.

8. It is the colours of quarks that govern their binding together to form hadrons. There are three colours and only certain combinations of them seem to be possible.

9. Whether we presume the electron at rest or in motion, the classical theory saw no way of preventing the atom from collapsing.

10. In addition, the substitution analysis proved misleading until checks were made.

11. What technique causes the beam to destroy itself by striking the wall is of interest.

12. To evaluate each new aircraft is to put it through a sequence of pilot ground tests followed by an elaborate series of flight tests.