6. Change the complex sentences given below according to the examples and translate them into Russian:

Example A:

While she was preparing for her physics exam she looked through all the notes of the lectures.

While preparing for her physics exam she looked through all the notes of the lecture.

1. When he was translating the article he used a dictionary. 2. While the student was working at the problem he made many experiments. 3. When the scientist was carrying out research in the field of nuclear physics he came to Dubna to work there. 4. When the worker was applying the new method of work he got better results. 5. While he was experimenting with this substance he was very careful. 6 When the engineer was improving the design he made many calculations. 7. While the man was describing this phenomenon he illustrated it with numerous examples. 8. When these scientists were working in our laboratory they obtained good results.

Example B:

The scientists who are carrying out research into nuclear physics deal with most difficult problems.

The scientists carrying out research into nuclear physics deal with most difficult problems.

1. The scientist who is working at the method is well known. 2. The students who are listening to the taped lesson study at the evening faculty. 3. These postgraduate students who are watching the experiment work in our laboratory. 4. The worker who is repairing the machine is very skilled. 5. The engineer who is carrying out these investigations is a well-known inventor. 6. The students who are doing the laboratory work are from various faculties. 7. The workers who are building this house will soon finish their work.

7. Choose the sentences with Participle I from the ones given below and translate them:

1. The falling water has kinetic energy. 2. While testing the motor we put down the results. 3. There is no simple explanation of the func­tioning of transistors. 4. Obtaining new data engineers can improve their knowledge. 5. Look at the reading of the device. 6. Robots are helping research scientists to answer many difficult questions. 7. By the beginn­ing of the 20th century man had learned something of the structure of the atom. 8. When applying these automatic devices we shall be able to control automatic lines. 9. The applying of lasers enables us to ampli­fy electromagnetic waves. 10. A person beginning some experiment should be very careful and attentive.

8. Analyse the following examples and translate them.

1. A conduction current is a current flowing in a conductor, the electricity being conveyed by the motion of electrons or ions through the material of the conductor. 2. If an uncharged conductor is placed near a positivity charged body, the portion of the conductor nearest to the body becomes negatively charged, the more remote portions being positively charged.

9. Translate these sentences into Russian paying attention to the Absolute Participial Construction. Use the conjunctions так как, поскольку, хотя, после того как, когда, причем, а, если, where possible.

1. The quantum hypothesis having been introduced by Planck in the case of black body radiation, the idea soon found an application in many other directions.

2. According to Coulomb's law, the attractive force between nucleus and electron is e²/r², e being the charge of each.

3. The attractive force bet­ween nucleus and electron being e²/r², it can be shown that the work W which must be performed to take an electron from its orbit and remove it right away from the atom is e²/2r.

4. Work on this point was carried out by several investigators, the most notable being that of Neumann.

5. For metallic conductors the resistance increases with a rise of temperature, the increase being approximately proportional to the rise in temperature.

6. The temperature being left constant, the voltage is gradually increased.

7. Two magnets are lying in equilibrium in the same straight line, the distance between their centres being 100 cm.

8. The temperature of an object being raised, the velocity of electrons increases.

9. With two or more conductors placed near together the alternating flux of each conductor's current influences the current distribution in the others.

10. With the current crowded toward the outer layers, the inner core of the conductor is used to a smaller extent.

11. With an alternating (or varying) current flowing, larger electric potential differences are induced in the inner tubes, and a smaller current density is found in the inner regions.

12. With no resistance in the circuit and with an alternating potential applied, an inductance movement takes place under the following condition.

13. Next consider two parallel sheets of unlike charge, each having a surface density Q as shown in Fig.3.

14. His taking part in the deve­lopment of the new cooling system was of great help to us.

15. Kurchatov's having devoted all his life to nuclear physics is known to everybody.