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- •Пояснительная записка
- •Contents
- •Unit 1. Personal background
- •1.1. About myself
- •1. Study the vocabulary, read the words aloud
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the words, translate them into Russian
- •3. Read the text about Helen Pavlova. Find the words from the vocabulary in the text. Look up the unknown words in the dictionary
- •4. Find the correct answer to the question
- •5. This is the first day at the university and students try to know each other. Read the dialogue, act it out
- •6. In pairs, compose the dialogue asking each other as many questions as possible. You have 5 minutes to get ready. Act your dialogue in front of the class
- •7. Study the table
- •8. Say the same sentences about persons or subjects given
- •In brackets
- •9. Say what was in the past using the words given in brackets
- •10. Say what will be in future using the words given in brackets
- •11. Say it in English
- •12. Study the table
- •13. Fill in the gaps using Present, Past and Future Indefinite of the verb to be in the negative or interrogative forms
- •14. Translate from Russian into English using the verb to be in Present, Past and Future Indefinite in the negative or interrogative forms
- •15. Study the table to have
- •16. Use to have (have got) in the Present Indefinite in the negative or affirmative forms
- •17. Use to have (have got) in the Past Indefinite in the negative or affirmative forms
- •18. Use to have (have got) in the Future Indefinite in the negative or affirmative forms
- •19. Study the table
- •20. Use to have (have got) in the interrogative form
- •1.2. Family
- •1. Study the vocabulary, read the words aloud
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Fill in the words to complete the sentences
- •3. Read the text. Find the words from the vocabulary in the text. Look up the unknown words in the dictionary My family
- •4. Answer the questions
- •5. Choose the correct response
- •6. Bring family photographs and present your family and yourself to the class. Talk about
- •7. Read the text, answer the questions after it You’re gorgeous!
- •8. Which of the statements are true? Explain your answers
- •9. Complete the diagram below with words from the text, add your own
- •10. Study the table degrees of comparison of AdjectiveS and Adverbs
- •Сравнительные структуры
- •11. Put the words in the correct order
- •12. Translate the sentences into Russian
- •13. Open the brackets using the comparative degree and comparative structures
- •14. Translate into English
- •15. Translate the phrases in bold. Complete the sentences about you and your family
- •16. Make eight sentences about the people in your class using comparatives and superlatives. Use some of the ideas below.
- •17. Study the table Nouns in Plural (множественное число существительных)
- •18. Write the plural
- •19. Some of the sentences are right but most are wrong. Correct the sentences that are wrong
- •20. Which is right? Complete the sentences
- •1.3. Flat
- •1. Study the vocabulary, read the words aloud
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the text, find the words from the vocabulary and make your own sentences with some of these words Our flat
- •3. Fill in the gaps with the words from the text
- •4. Say if the sentences are true or false
- •The numerals (Числительные)
- •11. Look at the table. Say which floor the people are on
- •12. Translate into English
- •13. Draw a plan of your house or flat. Draw the items from Exercise 2 on your plan, and any other things you have (a cd player, a computer, a tv, a video). Tell your partner about your house or flat
- •14. Study the table
- •15. Fill in the gaps with suitable noun-phrases
- •16. Ask questions to get information. Use the words in brackets
- •17. Disagree with the following statements
- •18. Translate into English
- •Unit 2. Routine activities timetable
- •1. Study the scheme, read the sentences, translate them into Russian
- •2. Tell in English
- •3. Study the time-table. Make a time-table for your working day
- •Vocabulary
- •8. Read the text. Look up the unknown words in the dictionary
- •Pronouns (местоимения)
- •13. Complete the sentences. Use me / he / him / she / her / they / them / us / it
- •14. Replace underlined words with the personal pronoun
- •15. Finish the sentences in the same way
- •16. Complete the sentences in the same way
- •18. Study the table present simple
- •19. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the correct form
- •20. Change the sentences in the negative and interrogative form
- •21. Translate into English
- •2.2. Leisure activities
- •1. Study the vocabulary. Read the words aloud (mind your pronunciation)
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Before reading the text, answer the questions
- •3. Read the text about Nadya’s weekend, find more answers
- •4. Read the text again. Say if these sentences are true of false
- •My idea of fun!
- •9. Which of these ways of relaxing would you like to try? Why? If you want to relax, what do you usually do?
- •10. Study the table, ask the teacher if you have any questions
- •Past Indefinite
- •11. Complete the sentences. Use one of these verbs in the Past Indefinite
- •12. Write the past indefinite form of these verbs
- •13. Open the brackets using the verbs in the Past Indefinite Tense
- •14. Compose a dialogue using the following phrases speaking about your last weekend
- •15. Try to remember the happiest weekend in your life. Describe it unit 3. Travelling
- •3.1. Ways of Travelling
- •1. Study the vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the text, find the answers to the questions below
- •3. Questions
- •4. Look through the text again and find the opposites of the words below
- •Prepositions (предлоги)
- •5. Choose the correct preposition
- •3.2. Traveller’s story
- •1. Look through the phrasal vocabulary; find the transcription in the dictionary if it is necessary. Match the columns
- •2. Read and translate the text, look for more words and phrases for your vocabulary
- •7. Complete the words or phrases below using the words from the box
- •8. What do you call
- •9. Think about flying (from check-in to the time you leave the airport at your destination) and answer the questions. If possible, discuss your answers with someone else
- •10. Study the information about Present Continuous, ask your teacher if you have any questions Present Continuous
- •Present continuous
- •11. Choose the correct variant
- •12. Translate into Russian paying attention into the usage of Present Continuous
- •13. Translate into Russian
- •Unit 4. Education, science and technology
- •4.1. The first university in russia
- •1. Study the vocabulary carefully
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the following words, mind the reading rules
- •3. Match Russian and English equivalents
- •4. Read the text about the Moscow State University; find out the most important facts from the text Moscow State University
- •6. Compose your own sentences with the following words and phrases
- •7. Say on what faculties a student can
- •8. Answer the questions
- •4.2. Steve Jobs
- •1. Study the vocabulary carefully
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Read the text about Steve Jobs and find out the most important facts from the text Advances in electronics
- •4. Answer the questions
- •4.3. Linus Torvalds
- •1. Study the vocabulary carefully
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the text about Linus Torvalds and find out the most important facts from the text The right person at the right time
- •3. Say if these sentences are true of false
- •4. Answer the questions
- •5. Study the information about Present Perfect Simple, ask your teacher if you have any questions
- •Present perfect
- •6. Write questions with How long …? And the Present Perfect
- •7. Rewrite the following sentences using the Present Perfect
- •8. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect Simple or the
- •9. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect Simple or the
- •10. Correct the mistakes
- •4.4 Bill gates and steve ballmer
- •1. Study the vocabulary carefully
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the text and translate it into Russian two men and a destiny
- •3. Underline three examples of the Present Perfect in the text which tell us when a present situation started.
- •4. Find words and phrases in the text which mean the same as the following
- •Условные обозначения
- •3. Альтернативный вопрос – alternative question (“or“ questions)
- •4. Разделительный вопрос – disjunctive question (“tag”-questions)
- •Bibliography
- •Подписано в печать Тираж зкз.
- •625003, Тюмень, Семакова, 10.
6. Compose your own sentences with the following words and phrases
Example: Moscow State University is the largest educational institution in Russia.
1. a school-leaver; 2. to invite; 3. a permission; 4. advanced science; 5. to enroll; 6. a subject; 7. to do research; 8. to be proud of; 9. to offer; 10. to be popular among; 11. the leading scientific centre; 12. to undergo rapid changes.
7. Say on what faculties a student can
use their knowledge in courts of law
work in different fields of mass media
study Economics and business
develop philosophical ideas
take practical courses in Zoological Museum and Botanical Gardens
study the work of Artificial Intelligence
8. Answer the questions
Who inspired the foundation of Moscow State University?
When was Moscow University founded?
Tatiana is a patron saint of MSU, isn’t she?
Were there three or five faculties at the beginning of MSU?
What were the languages of the lectures?
When was the university patronized by Catherine the Great?
Name the modern faculties of MSU. What are they famous for?
Was it difficult for you to choose your University and profession?
What helped you to make your choice?
Do you think that school-leavers should be helped to choose their future profession? What should be done to help teenagers to find their way in life?
4.2. Steve Jobs
1. Study the vocabulary carefully
Vocabulary
to launch – запускать, выпускать на рынок товар
to remain – оставаться
to be adopted – быть усыновленным
boldly – отважно, дерзко
to be underway – быть в процессе разработки
to force – вынуждать
to improve – улучшать
to be withdrawn – быть отозванным (о товаре)
to unveil – торжественно представлять, открывать
to estimate – оценивать
to lack – испытывать недостаток, не иметь
to purchase – покупать, приобретать
box office – театральная касса (здесь – сборы)
CEO – Chief Executive Officer – генеральный директор
visionary – прорицатель, провидец
2. Match the columns
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3. Read the text about Steve Jobs and find out the most important facts from the text Advances in electronics
Steve Jobs launched one of the largest industries of the past decades while still in his early twenties. He remains one of the most inventive and energetic minds in American technology.
Steven Jobs was born on February 24, 1955, in San Francisco, California, and was adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs.
In 1961 the family moved to California. This area was becoming a center for electronics. Electronics form the basic elements of devices such as radios, televisions, stereos, and computers. At that time people started to refer to the area as "Silicon Valley." This is because a substance called silicon is used in the manufacturing of electronic parts.
As a child, Jobs preferred doing things by himself. He showed an early interest in electronics and gadgetry. He spent a lot of time working in the garage workshop of a neighbor who worked at Hewlett-Packard, an electronics manufacturer.
Jobs also enrolled in the Hewlett-Packard Explorer Club. There he saw
engineers demonstrate new products, and he saw his first computer at the age of twelve. He was very impressed, and knew right away that he wanted to work with computers.
While in high school, Jobs attended lectures at the Hewlett-Packard plant. On one occasion he boldly asked William Hewlett (1931–2001), the president, for some parts he needed to complete a class project. Hewlett was so impressed he gave Jobs the parts, and offered him a summer internship at Hewlett-Packard.
After graduating from high school in 1972, Jobs attended Reed College in Portland, Oregon, for two years. In 1975 Jobs joined a group known as the Homebrew Computer Club. One member, a technical whiz named Steve Wozniak (1950–), was trying to build a small computer. Jobs became fascinated with the marketing potential of such a computer. In 1976 he and Wozniak formed their own company. They called it Apple Computer Company, in memory of a happy summer Jobs had spent picking apples. They raised $1,300 in startup money by selling Jobs's microbus and Wozniak's calculator. At first they sold circuit boards (the boards that hold the internal components of a computer) while they worked on the computer prototype (sample).
Jobs had realized there was a huge gap in the computer market. At that time almost all computers were mainframes. They were so large that one could fill a room, and so costly that individuals could not afford to buy them. Advances in electronics, however, meant that computer components were getting smaller and the power of the computer was increasing.
Jobs and Wozniak redesigned their computer, with the idea of selling it to individual users. The Apple II went to market in 1977, with impressive first year sales of $2.7 million. The company's sales grew to $200 million within three years. This was one of the most phenomenal cases of corporate growth in U.S. history. Jobs and Wozniak had opened an entirely new market – personal computers. Personal computers began an entirely new way of processing information.
By 1980 the personal computer era was well underway. Apple was continually forced to improve its products to remain ahead, as more competitors entered the marketplace. Apple introduced the Apple III, but the new model suffered technical and marketing problems. It was withdrawn from the market, and was later reworked and reintroduced.
In 1984 Apple introduced a revolutionary new model, the Macintosh. The on-screen display had small pictures called icons. To use the computer, the user pointed at an icon and clicked a button using a new device called a mouse. This process made the Macintosh very easy to use. The Macintosh did not sell well to businesses, however. It lacked features other personal computers had, such as a corresponding high quality printer. The failure of the Macintosh signaled the beginning of Jobs's downfall at Apple. Jobs resigned in 1985 from the company he had helped found, though he retained his title as chairman of its board of directors.
Jobs soon hired some of his former employees to begin a new computer company called NeXT. Late in 1988 the NeXT computer was introduced at a large gala event in San Francisco, aimed at the educational market. Initial reactions were generally good. The product was very user-friendly, and had a fast processing speed, excellent graphics displays, and an outstanding sound system. Despite the warm reception, however, the NeXT machine never caught on. It was too costly, had a black-and-white screen, and could not be linked to other computers or run common software.
NeXT was not, however, the end of Steve Jobs. In 1986 Jobs purchased a small company called Pixar from filmmaker George Lucas (1944–). Pixar specialized in computer animation. Nine years later Pixar released Toy Story, a huge box office hit. Pixar later went on to make Toy Story 2 and A Bug's Life, which Disney distributed, and Monsters, Inc. All these films have been extremely successful. Monsters, Inc. had the largest opening weekend ticket sales of any animated film in history.
In December of 1996 Apple purchased NeXT Software for over $400 million. Jobs returned to Apple as a part-time consultant to the chief executive officer (CEO). The following year, in a surprising event, Apple entered into a partnership with its competitor Microsoft. The two companies, according to the New York Times, "agreed to cooperate on several sales and technology fronts." Over the next six years Apple introduced several new products and marketing strategies.
In November 1997 Jobs announced Apple would sell computers directly to users over the Internet and by telephone. The Apple Store became a runaway success. Within a week it was the third-largest e-commerce site on the Internet. In September of 1997 Jobs was named CEO of Apple.
He was instrumental in launching the age of the personal computer. Steve Jobs is truly a computer industry visionary.