- •Contents
- •Загальні відомості
- •Texts and spoken activity
- •1. My Family My Family Tradition
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Is it important to have a friendly and united family? Explain your answer. What role does a friendly and united family play in your life?
- •2. Apartment Description
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Imagine that you are a realtor. Make up a dialogue with a customer and try to convince him/her to buy a little flat not far from the city centre.
- •3. My Working Day Small Business Efficiency: Improve Office Efficiency
- •Vocabulary practice
- •7 Tips To Enjoy Your Day Off`
- •Vocabulary practice
- •13 Ways to spend a day off without leaving the house
- •Vocabulary practice
- •5. A Holiday Hosting a Holiday Party?
- •Is it the Season for Giving?
- •It is Better to Give – Real Gifts
- •Vocabulary practice
- •6. My University East Ukraine Volodymyr Dahl National University
- •Vocabulary practice
- •7. Going Abroad Getting Through Customs
- •Vocabulary practice
- •8. Ukraine – Our Motherland
- •Vocabulary practice
- •9. At the hotel Choosing a Hotel
- •Vocabulary practice
- •10. A Business Appointment Top 7 Ways To Recover When You Miss a Business Appointment
- •Vocabulary practice
- •11. A Business Talk Business Appointment Success or Failure
- •Vocabulary practice
- •12. The Economy of Ukraine
- •Vocabulary practice
- •13. Travelling by Railway Rail Travel in the usa
- •Vocabulary practice
- •14. At the Booking-office Online Air Ticket Booking
- •Vocabulary practice
- •15. Cities and Towns of Ukraine
- •Vocabulary practice
- •16. Discussing a Contract
- •10 Things you need to know before entering into a contract
- •1. Know the Other Party
- •Vocabulary practice
- •17. Outstanding People of Ukraine
- •Viktor Yakovlevich Bunyakovsky
- •Vocabulary practice
- •25. At the Restaurant Restaurant and Dinner Party Manners and Etiquette
- •In a restaurant:
- •Vocabulary practice
- •How To Successfully Taste Wine
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Grammar exercises
- •3) Put in was or were into the gaps.
- •4) Put in was or were into the gaps.
- •6) Choose the correct present tense form of the verb to have for each sentence:
- •7) Choose the verb to be or to have for each sentence:
- •2) Write the correct possessive pronoun for each sentence:
- •3) Fill in each blank with the correct reflexive pronoun:
- •3) Choose the correct response:
- •1) Fill There is or There are in the gaps below.
- •2) Add there is or there are to the following sentences.
- •3) Fill in all the gaps
- •1) Fill in the blanks with much/many or a few/a little.
- •2) Decide whether you have to use little or few.
- •3) Underline the correct word from each sentence :
- •1) Define the right variant.
- •2) Choose the right modal verb.
- •3) Insert the appropriate modal verb.
- •4) Rewrite these sentences using must or can't
- •1) Rewrite each of the following sentences, omitting the underlined preposition which precedes the indirect object, and making the necessary changes in word order. For example:
- •2) Rewrite each of the following sentences, inserting the preposition to before the indirect object, and making the necessary changes in word order. For example:
- •3) Use the words in brackets to fill the gaps.
- •1) Choose the correct verb for each sentence and put it into the simple past:
- •2) Put the verbs into the Past Simple tense.
- •3) Put the verbs into the Past Simple tense.
- •1) Insert some or any.
- •2) Insert some or any.
- •3) Insert some or any.
- •1) Put in the verbs in brackets as Present Participle into the gaps.
- •2) Choose which verb tense (present/past simple or continuous) fits better.
- •3) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •4) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •1) Fill in each blank space with the correct past participle for each verb.
- •2) Choose which verb tense (simple past or present perfect) fits better.
- •3) Choose the right answer
- •1) Make each of the following sentences grammatically negative.
- •2) Put the verb in brackets into Future (will or going to).
- •1) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
- •2) Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps in the correct tense Past Perfect or Simple Past.
- •3) Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps in the correct tense.
- •1) Choose the right answer.
- •2) Use the correct form of the verb in brackets.
- •3) Put the verb in brackets into the right tense. In some cases alternatives are possible.
- •1) Build sentences from the given words bellow.
- •2) Put the verb in brackets into the correct form in the gap after the verb. Where no verb is given, put one of the following linking words into the gaps.
- •The Unlucky Burglar
- •3) Put the verb in brackets in an appropriate form of the future in the past.
- •1) Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words.
- •2) These are typical questions that a mum gets asked every day. Peter is asking his mum loads of questions. Please read the explanation to "Reported Speech" beforehand if you aren't too sure.
- •3) Complete the sentences in the Reported Speech. Pay attention to the change of Pronouns, Demonstrative Pronouns and Verbs.
- •1) Fill in the spaces with the right modal verbs.
- •2) Use one of the modal verbs in brackets to fill each gap.
- •3) Complete the sentences using the words listed in the box below. Some gaps may have more than one correct answer.
- •2) Fill in the words in brackets as adjective or adverb like in the example.
- •3) Choose the right variant.
- •1) Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional sentence – type I. Only use the will-future in the main clauses.
- •2) Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional sentence – type I. Only use the will-future in the main clauses. Mind the negations in the sentences.
- •3) Fill in all the gaps.
- •1) Translate into Russian using the Complex Object.
- •2) Translate into English using the Complex Object.
- •Texts for additional reading
- •1. My family values
- •2. Efficiency Around the Office
- •3. How to Organize a Holiday Office Party: Holiday Party Planning Tips
- •4. Essential Business Trip Planning
- •5. Planning a Successful Business Lunch
- •6. Ten Economic Freedoms of Ukraine
- •Investment Freedom – 30.0
- •7. Five common ticketing errors – and how to avoid them
- •8. Outstanding People of Ukraine
- •9. The Art of Choosing a Good Restaurant
- •U sed literature
- •R ecommended resources
Vocabulary practice
Exercise 1. Fill in the correct word from the word list. Use the words only once.
Gross, fertilizers, demand, consumer, space, natural, raw, ferrous, faltering, chemical, sulfuric, to withdraw, foreign, endangered, opaque, decline.
………. growth
……….. industry
……….. domestic product
solid ……….
mineral ……….
………. resources
Domestic ……….
Sharp economic ……….
………. metal industry
………. program
………. trade
………. acid
………. financial support
………. energy sector
………. species
………. materials
COMPREHENSION CHECK
Exercise 2. Complete the sentences according to the text:
Ukraine's economy is …..
Ukraine's currency, the hryvnia, …..
Our country is relatively rich in …..
It has such important energy sources as …..
The country's chemical industry includes …..
Ukraine possesses a massive high-tech …..
The Parliament of Ukraine has approved …..
Russia ranks as Ukraine's …..
After the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster …..
DISCUSSION
Exercise 3. Answer the following questions.
What are the main products of Ukrainian industry?
What is the environment policy in Ukraine?
Why wasn’t pollution such a serious problem earlier?
Do you know any mechanisms of preserving the environment?
Why is acid rain dangerous?
What is your prediction for the economy of Ukraine in 2050?
Does the future of Ukraine depend on every mother's son of us? Why?
WRITING
Exercise 4. Write an essay on one of the suggested themes using 120–150 words.
Environmental protection.
Generation after the Chernobyl disaster.
Political and economic problems of Ukraine.
13. Travelling by Railway Rail Travel in the usa
Rail travel in the USA has many advantages over other forms of transport. This entry considers the benefits of travelling by long-distance train compared to going by bus, car or plane.
The Basics
Almost all long-distance passenger trains in the United States are operated by Amtrak, set up by the Federal government in 1971 to rescue failing private railroads. Today's trains still have historic names such as the Sunset Limited, Texas Eagle and California Zephyr, and serve more than 500 destinations, many of which have no alternative air service or intercity buses. Big cities such as Chicago, Houston, Denver and Seattle have their own suburban and commuter services, operating independently or in association with Amtrak.
Advantages of Train Travel
Trains allow you to travel in safety and comfort, and their rugged charm sets them apart from more mundane means of transport. They pollute less, rarely suffer from weather delays and won't give you jet lag. You can talk to your companions, read a book, or have a snooze. If the scenery palls you might go for a stroll, have a meal in the dining car, make friends in the bar or watch a movie. Trains can also be an inexpensive way see America, especially if you use a rail pass. These can cover one particular region or the whole Amtrak network; the North America rail pass gives unlimited travel on VIA Rail trains in Canada as well as on all Amtrak routes. Students and 'seniors' (people over 62) receive additional discounts.
Some people are afraid of air travel, or have a medical condition which would make it unsafe, and train travel is more convenient (or feasible) than driving. It may also be a novelty, especially for families with children, who are usually fascinated by trains. It's often easier to care for small children on a train than on a plane or car trip. Some people go by train solely for the amazing views of route or relish the extra time it takes, giving them an interval alone on either side of a vacation, family visit, or business trip.
Travel at Night
Travelling overnight is a good way to save money on hotels. Generous reclining seats, dimmed lights and a free pillow from the attendant make it easy to sleep comfortably even in coach class – something that is almost impossible on a Greyhound bus. The gentle rocking and steady rhythm of the wheels are usually enough to lull you to sleep. It's a good idea to take a blanket or coat in case the air-conditioning becomes over-enthusiastic, and choose a seat in the middle of the car away from the doors.
Alternatively, there are ingenious sleeping compartments, ranging from singles up to family size. These are not cheap, and need to be booked well in advance, but you do get extra privacy and facilities (sometimes even including a shower!) plus the unique pleasure of hurtling through the night in your personal travelling capsule. You can either make up the bed yourself from its daytime seating arrangement or have the attendant do it for you. Towels, soap and bed linen are provided, as well as complimentary tea, coffee or fruit juice and a newspaper in the morning. The fare includes all meals in the dining car.
Disadvantages of Train Travel
This isn't the fastest way to travel (except for 150 mph Acela trains between Boston, New York and Washington DC) and you usually need to buy your ticket in advance. Timekeeping can't always be relied on, since most trains operate over tracks owned by freight railroads and don't always have priority. Some trains only run once a day and they may not stop where you want to go, although 'thruway' buses are usually scheduled to allow you to continue your journey.
Recommended Routes
Long-distance trains frequently go through wilderness areas with spectacular scenery that is not easily or safely accessible by any other means. You can travel to many of the Great National Parks in the west, which have grand lodges built 100 years ago by railroads such as the Union Pacific.
Glacier in Montana is the most spectacular US National Park and has many magnificent railroad lodges still in operation. Amtrak's Empire Builder train stops at three of these: West Glacier, East Glacier (summer only) and Essex (upon request).
The Southwest Chief stops in Williams, Arizona, from where steam trains travel to the southern rim of the Grand Canyon.
The Coast Starlight route between Seattle and Los Angeles includes snow-covered mountains, forests and long stretches of the Pacific shoreline.
The California Zephyr – one of the world's great rail journeys – takes two days and nights to travel between Chicago and San Francisco, following America's earliest transcontinental rail route for much of its journey across farmland, prairie, deserts, rivers and the Rocky Mountains. Western pioneers came this way, as did gold prospectors, the Pony Express and the first telegraph line.
The Southwest Chief goes from Chicago to the Pacific along part of the Santa Fe Trail, first used by Native Americans then by Spanish conquistadors, mule caravans, wagon trains and stage-coaches. It travels past wheat fields, missions, pueblos, mountains and deserts, and sometimes through canyons only a few feet wider than the train.
All Aboard
More comfortable than the bus, more fun than flying and more relaxing than a car trip, trains keep you in touch with the landscape and the civilized pace (averaging 70 mph) is ideal for sightseeing. Planes may be quicker for distances over 1,000 miles (1,600 km) but involve lengthy security checks as well as tedious journeys to and from congested airports. More information about trains in the USA and Canada can be found on the USA by Rail website.
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A7154002
Word list:
Intercity – [,ɪntə'sɪtɪ] – междугородный;
Mundane – [mʌn'deɪn] – светский, обычный, приземлённый;
Jet lag – ['ʤet,læg] – нарушение суточного ритма организма, расстройство биоритмов в связи с перелётом через несколько часовых поясов;
Pall – [pɔːl] – надоедать (кому-л.);
Route – [ru:t] – дорога, путь; направление, путь следования;
Feasible – ['fi:zəbl] – реальный, подходящий, годный;
Novelty – ['nɔv(ə)ltɪ] – новизна, нововведение, новинка;
Rumour – ['ru:mə] – молва, слух;
Recline – [rɪ'klaɪn] – откидывать назад, полулежать;
Dim – [dɪm] – тусклый, неяркий; слабый
Coach – [kəuʧ] – пассажирский вагон, амер., канад. coach class – экономкласс;
Hurtle – ['hɜːtl] – двигаться с шумом; нестись, мчаться;
Attendant – [ə'tendənt] – обслуживающее лицо, служитель;
Freight – [freɪt] – перевозка грузов;
Thruway – амер. скоростная дорога
Lodge – [lɔʤ] – домик, сторожка, приют; палатка индейцев;
Operation – [,ɔp(ə)'reɪʃ(ə)n] – деятельность, работа;
Rim – [rɪm] – край, узкая полоска земли;
Stagecoach – ['steɪʤkəuʧ] – (многоместная) почтовая карета, дилижанс (для регулярной перевозки пассажиров и почты)
Pueblo – ['pwebləu] – индейский поселок, пуэбло;
Lengthy – ['leŋ(k)θɪ] – очень длинный, растянутый;
Tedious – ['ti:dɪəs] – нудный, скучный, утомительный;
Congested – [kən'ʤestɪd] – переполненный, перегруженный;