- •I. Before you read:
- •1.5 Comment on the grammar. Pay attention to the verb to be. You may continue the sentences:
- •1.6 Comment on the grammar. Pay attention to the plural forms of the nouns:
- •II. Reading:
- •III. After you have read:
- •4.2 Make up your own dialogues using the models from the task 4.1
- •1.4 Comment on the grammar. Pay attention to the verbs in the Present Simple Active. Give the negative and question –forms.
- •II. Reading:
- •3.1. Make up sentences from these words:
- •3.2. Find
- •3.3 Put the verb into the Past Simple or Future Simple. Use the words: yesterday, ago, last/next week, month, year, tomorrow, in some years/months etc. Give the negative and question –forms.
- •IV. Brush up your talk:
- •4.1Complete the short dialogues using the phrases from the text:
- •4.2 Make up your own dialogues using the models from the task 4.1. These phrases and words may be helpful for you.
- •4.3Tell about your own family using all information you have got.
- •1.4 Make up sentences paying attention to Simple and Progressive Tenses. Translate the sentences.
- •1.5. Comment on the grammar.
- •II. Reading
- •1. 1True or false?
- •1.2 Make up sentences from these words:
- •1.3 Give the missing forms of adjectives. Make up sentences with these adjectives.
- •1.4 Put the verb to take part into the correct tense-form. Pay attention to the words given in the brackets.
- •1.5. Put the verb in the brackets into the necessary tense form.
- •IV. Brush up your talk:
- •4.1Complete the short dialogues using the information from the text:
- •4.2 Read and learn:
- •4.3 Make up your own dialogues using the models from the tasks 4.1 and 4.2
- •4.4 Summarize the text «My University».
- •I. Before you read:
- •1.1 Read the words properly:
- •1.2 State the part of speech:
- •1.7. Comment on the grammar. Make up negative and question forms if it is possible.
- •II. Reading
- •3.1 Make up the sentence of two parts:
- •3.2 Make up all possible questions to these sentences. Give the negative form:
- •3.3 Write the Passive Progressive of these sentences. Use words now, from … till, the whole month/morning etc:
- •IV. Brush up your talk:
- •4.2 Read the following quotes from different articles about the problems of higher education in Russia. Formulate the main idea of each statement. Do you agree with these opinions?
- •4.3 Discuss* these topics using all information you have got.
- •I. Before you read:
- •1.1 Read the words properly:
- •1.2 Find the Russian equivalents:
- •1.3 State the part of speech:
- •1.4 Analyse the use of modal verbs and their equivalents. Translate the following sentences:
- •II. Reading:
- •III. After you have read:
- •3.1 Say what is true and what is false. Correct the false statements:
- •3.2 .Fill in the blanks with words from the text:
- •3.3. Substitute the modal verbs for the possible equivalents:
- •3.4 Insert the modal verbs may or can:
- •3.5 Insert the necessary modal verb or it equivalent:
- •IV. Speaking
- •1.4 Analyse the use of modal verbs and their equivalents. Translate the following sentences:
- •II. Reading:
- •III. After you have read:
- •3.1. Say what is true and what is false. Correct the false statements:
- •3.2 Fill in the blanks with words from the text:
- •3.3. Substitute the modal verbs for the possible equivalents:
- •3.4 Insert the modal verbs may or can:
- •3.5 Insert the necessary modal verb or its equivalent:
- •IV. Review:
- •4.1 Make up 5 general and 5 special questions to the text.
- •4.2 Give the negative and question form of the following sentences:
- •4.3 Point out the sentences with Passive.
- •V. Speaking
- •5.1 Answer the following questions:
- •5.2 Speak about Karl Benz using his profile:
- •5.3 Use the following phrases and word combinations to retell the text:
- •In 1830 Thon completed his most ambitious design to date, that of the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour15 in Moscow (fig. 17).
- •15.4. After you have read:
- •Тема 1 - Урок 1 - Диалог 1
Тема 1 - Урок 1 - Диалог 1
— Познакомьтесь, пожалуйста, это мой муж Виктор.
— Нина.
— А это Анна, моя дочь.
— Очень Приятно.
Тема 1 - Урок 1 - Диалог 2
— Познакомьтесь. Это мой муж Виктор.
— Очень Приятно. Нина.
Тема 1 - Урок 1 - Диалог 3
— Познакомьтесь. Это Нина, моя жена. А это моя мама.
— Очень приятно. Маша.
Тема 1 - Урок 2 - Диалог 1
— Как вас зовут?
— Меня зовут Анна. А вас?
А меня Андрей Петрович.
Тема 1 - Урок 2 - Диалог 2
— Как зовут вашу жену?
— Мою жену зовут Нина.
— А вашего сына как зовут?
— Дима.
Тема 1 - Урок 2 - Диалог 3
— Как вас зовут?
— Нина.
— А как ваш отчество?
— Петровна. Меня зовут Нина Петровна.
Тема 1 - Урок 2 - Диалог 4
— Как вас зовут?
— Виктор Петрович.
— А как зовут вашу Жену?
— Её зовут Нина.
Сколько вам лет?
Tема 1 - Урок 3 - Диалог 1
— Сколько вам лет?
— Мне сорок один год. А вам сколько?
— Тридцать восемь.
Тема 1 - Урок 3 - Диалог 2
— Когда вы родились?
— Я родился в тридцат втором году.
— Где вы родились?
— В Москве.
Тема 1 - Урок 3 - Диалог 3
— Сколько вам лет?
— Двадцать пять.
— А сколько лет вашей дочери?
— Дочери два года.
Тема 1 - Урок 3 - Диалог 4
— Где вы родились?
— В Крыму. А вы?
— А я на Урале, в Свердловске.
Где вы живёте?
Тема 1 - Урок 4 - Диалог 1
— Где вы живёте?
— Я живу в Москве.
— Где живут ваши родители?
— Они живут на Кавказе.
Тема 1 - Урок 4 - Диалог 2
— На какой улице вы живёте?
— На улице Горького.
— В каком доме?
— В доме восемь.
Тема 1 - Урок 4 - Диалог 3
— Где вы живёте?
— В Риге.
— А где живёт ваш брат?
— Он живёт в Москве.
Тема 1 - Урок 4 - Диалог 4
— На какой улице вы живёте?
— На Профсоюзной.
— А в каком доме?
— В доме два.
Где вы работаете?
Тема 1 - Урок 5 - Диалог 1
— Где вы работаете?
— Я работаю на заводе.
— Кем?
— Инженером.
Тема 1 - Урок 5 - Диалог 2
— Где работает ваша жена?
— В школе.
— Кто она по профессии?
— Она учительница.
—.avi Тема 1 - Урок 5 - Диалог 3
— Где вы работаете?
— В лаборатории.
— Кто вы по специальности?
— Лаборант.
Тема 1 - Урок 5 - Диалог 4
— Где вы работаете?
— На фабрике инженером. А вы где?
— А я в лаборатории.
— Кем?
— Лаборантом.
У вас есть дети?
Тема 1 - Урок 6 - Диалог 1
— Вы женаты?
— Нет. А вы?
— А я женат.
— У вас есть дети?
— Есть. Сын и дочь.
Тема 1 - Урок 6 - Диалог 2
— Ваша дочь замужем?
— Да.
— У неё есть дети?
— Нет, детей у неё нет
Тема 1 - Урок 6 - Диалог 3
— Вы замужем?
— Да, замужем.
— У вас есть дети?
— Есть. Сын.
Тема 1 - Урок 6 - Диалог 4
— У вас есть дочь?
— Есть.
— Она замужем?
— Да, замужем?
— У неё есть дети?
— Нет, детей у неё нет.
Где учится ваш сын?
Тема 1 - Урок 7 - Диалог 1
— Где учится ваш сын?
— В школе.
— В каком классе?
— В четвёртом.
Тема 1 - Урок 7 - Диалог 2
— Ваша дочь работает или учится?
— Она учится в университете на геологическом факультете.
— На каком курсе?
— На втором.
— Кем она будет?
— Геологом.
Тема 1 - Урок 7 - Диалог 3
— Ваш сын работает или учится?
— Он учится.
— Где он учится?
— В медицинском институте.
Тема 1 - Урок 7 - Диалог 4
— Вы работаете или учитесь?
— Работаю на заводе инженером. А вы?
— А я учусь в педагогическом институте.
— На каком курсе?
— На третьем.
— Кем вы будете?
— Учительницей.
Ecological situation in Russia для пособия
The analysis of ecological situation in Russia show that the crisis tendencies which appeared in the latest 15 years don’t get over and in several aspects becomes deeper inspite of the taken measures.
Russia with its saved huge tracts of forest (almost 65% of the total area of the country) has a very important meaning for ecodinamics. Together with some adjacent areas this massif forms The North Eurasian center of environmental stabilization which is the largest in the world and which importance for biosphere’s reconstruction will increase.
However 15% of the territory of Russia on which the main part of the population and industry is concentrated has unsatisfactory ecological condition and ecological safety is not guaranteed here. At that the specific indexes of the negative effects on the environment on the expectation of one person and units of gross domestic product in Russia are one of the highest in the world.
The excess of the allowed concentrations of the detrimental impurities is in the atmospheric air of 185 cities and industrial centres with the population of more than 61 million people (40% of the whole population of the country). The main sources of air pollution are still enterprises of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy , chemistry and petrochemical industry, construction industry, power engineering, pulp and paper industry and motor transport.
The most unfavorable situation is in Arkhangelsk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Norilsk, Bratsk, Ekaterinburg, Kamensk-Uralskii, Kemerovo, krasnoyarsk, Nizhnii Tagil, Ufa, Sterlitomak, Chelyabinsk, Magnitogorsk, Novokuznetsk, Omsk, Cherepovets.
Subjective tests show that the percentage of the influence of the air pollution to the general children’s morbidity is 17%, grown up’s morbidity – 10% on average. Air pollution causes 41% of breathing organs illness, 16% of endocrine system illness, 2,5 % of oncological illness.
Not only local sources of detrimental impurities influence greatly on forest on lake’s ecosystems and agroculture but remote sources including foreign ones also have strong influence on it. More than 1 mln. tones of oxygenated sulfur of transorganical origin fall to the European part of Russia every year which is more than from the Russian sources of pollution. Essential contribution into Russian’s environmental pollution by oxygenated sulfur and nitrogen make Ukraine, Poland and Germany.
The quality of water in the most Russian water objects doesn’t meet health and fishing requirements because almost 40% of jettisonable into them sewages are concidered to be polluted. Almost half of the population of the country has to use water that doesn’t correspond health requirements because of bad water treatment and unsatisfactory condition of utility. The quality of drinkable water hasn’t become better.
The execution of water-purifying measures is carried out in the inadequate way because of the unstable work of the majority of the enterprises, their hard financial condition, insufficiency of budgetary funds.
The ecological condition of the agrocultural lands remains also unsatisfactory, the tendency of the lands degradation still exists. 43% of arable land decreases in its containing of humus and in the Nechernozemnaya zona the area of such soils is about 45 %. The lands with radiation pollution do not shorten.
Great damage to the condition of the vegetation world is made by uncontrolled storing of berries, mushrooms, valuable species of medicinal plants. The damage made by forest’s vermines and sicknesses, fires and illegal cutting of the forests is also great. Every year more than 300 thousands of afforestation dies of these reasons.
However we can point to some positive tendencies in the changing of the quantity of hunting animals. The process of stabilization and the upgrowth of the mammals which are considered to be hunting objects such as elk, wild boar and roe can be explained by the effectiveness of the fight against poaching, improvement of the condition of forage reserve of the hunting animals. Though the prognosis of the quantity of the sturgeon is not favorable and strict measures should be applied to the poaching.
Still the problems of the industrial and common wastes recycling , chemical nuclear and biological weapon destruction are very actual. There is a threat of the import of dangerous wastes to Russia. The serious danger comes from physically and moral outdated depositories of liquid radiation wastes and worked-out nuclear fuel, revealed atomic submarines. The high scale of deterioration of technological equipment on the chemical, petrochemical and microbiological enterprises leads to man-caused damages with further chemical infection of the territory.
The ecological condition of the country is characterized in details in annual state reports on the environmental condition in Russian Federation which are issued and are available to the consumers.