II. Find the English equivalents to the following words.

1. Верховный суд

2. Главный (председательствующий)судья

3. Член Верховного суда

4. Назначаться

5. Объявить закон неконституционным

6. Заблокировать прохождение законопроекта

7. Судебныйокруг

8. Федеральный апелляционный суд

9. Федеральный районный суд

10. Рассматривать, разбирать дело (в суде)

11. Судебная власть, судоустройство

12. Юрисдикция суда

13. Мировой суд, магистратский суд

III. Say whether the sentences are true or false. Correct the false ones.

1. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the USA.

2. There are 8 Justices in the Supreme Court.

3. The Chief Justice and Associate Justices are appointed by the Senate.

4. The Supreme Court has the right to veto any law passed by the Senate and any order issued by the President.

5. Federal Courts of Appeals serve 11 judicial circuits.

6. There are about nineteen lowest courts in the USA. They are called district courts.

7. A district court is the traditional one and deals with all kinds of cases.

8. The decisions of the district courts can be appealed in the Courts of Appeals and in the Supreme Court.

9. All the judiciary system of the USA is based on the national constitution.

10. The system of state courts is different from the system of federal courts.

11. Magistrates’ courts are the lowest in the USA.

IV. Match the names of the courts (on the left) and their jurisdiction (on the right).

1. Supreme Court A. It hears appeals from lower courts.

2. Court of Appeal B. Most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by this court.

3. District Court C. It has the right to declare unconstitutional law passed by Congress.

Text IV: the court system of england and wales

I. Read and translate the text.

The most common type of law court in England and Wales is the magistrates’ court. There are 700 magistrates’ courts and about 30,000 magistrates.

More serious cases then go to the Crown Court, which has 90 branches in different towns and cities. Civil cases (for example, divorce or bankruptcy cases) are dealt with in County Court.

Appeals are heard by higher courts. For example, appeals from magistrates’ courts are heard in the Crown Court, unless they are appeals on point of law. The highest court of appeal in England and Wales is the House of Lords. (Scotland has its own High Court in Edinburgh, which hears all appeals from Scottish Courts.)Certain cases may be referred to the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg. In addition, individuals have made the British Government change its practices in a number of areas as a result of petitions to the European Court of Human Rights.

The legal system also includes juvenile courts (which deal with offenders under seventeen) and coroners’ courts (which investigate violent, sudden or unnatural deaths). There are administrative tribunals which make quick, cheap and fair decisions with much less formality. Tribunals deal with professional standards, disputes between individuals, and disputes between individuals and government departments (foe example, over taxation).