Анатомическая терминология

Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɚɝɟɧɬɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɍɭɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ

Ȼ.Ƚ. ɉɅɂɌɇɂɑȿɇɄɈ, Ɇ.Ⱥ. ȻɈɇȾȺɊȿɇɄɈ

ɅȺɌɂɇɋɄȺə ɌȿɊɆɂɇɈɅɈȽɂə

ȼ ɄɍɊɋȿ ȺɇȺɌɈɆɂɂ ɑȿɅɈȼȿɄȺ

ɍɑȿȻɇɈȿ ɉɈɋɈȻɂȿ

ɌɍɅȺ 2006

3

ɉɊȿȾɂɋɅɈȼɂȿ

ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɜɭɡɨɜ,

ɥɟɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɨɜ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɨɜ, ɢɡɭɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɸ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ,

ɬɨɩɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɸ, ɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ. ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɨɧɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɦ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɤ ɷɤɡɚɦɟɧɭ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɢ.

ɉɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɪɭɫɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ,

ɧɚɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ 1022 ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ,

ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɚɯ.

ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɣ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɟɣ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚɦ: ɨɫɬɟɨɥɨɝɢɹ,

ɚɪɬɪɨɥɨɝɢɹ, ɦɢɨɥɨɝɢɹ, ɫɩɥɚɧɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ (ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ,

ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɦɨɱɟɩɨɥɨɜɨɣ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ), ɚɧɝɢɨɥɨɝɢɹ, ɥɢɦɮɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɢɦɦɭɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɟɪɜɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɟɪɜɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɱɭɜɫɬɜ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɨ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɵɦ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨ-

ɪɭɫɫɤɢɦ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɟɦ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ.

ȼ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɤ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɤɪɚɬɤɢɣ ɨɱɟɪɤ ɢɡ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ.

4

ɈɋɌȿɈɅɈȽɂə

Ɍɟɥɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɚ - corpus vertebrae

Ⱦɭɝɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɚ - arcus vertebrae

ȼɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɚɹ ɜɵɪɟɡɤɚ - incisura vertebralis superior

ɇɢɠɧɹɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɚɹ ɜɵɪɟɡɤɚ - incisura vertebralis inferior

ɉɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ - foramen vertebrale

Ɉɫɬɢɫɬɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ - processus spinosus

ɉɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ - processus transversus

ȼɟɪɯɧɢɣ ɫɭɫɬɚɜɧɨɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ - processus articularis superior

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɨɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ - processus articularis inferiɨr

ɉɟɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɞɭɝɚ 1 ɲɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɚ - arcus anterior atlantis

əɦɤɚ ɡɭɛɚ 1 ɲɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɚ - fovea dentis atlantis

Ɂɚɞɧɹɹ ɞɭɝɚ 1 ɲɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɚ - arcus posterior atlantis

Ɂɭɛ ɨɫɟɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɚ - dens axis

ɋɨɧɧɵɣ ɛɭɝɨɪɨɤ VI ɲɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɚ - tuberculum caroticum

Ɉɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɪɟɫɬɰɚ - basis ossis sacri

ɍɲɤɨɜɢɞɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɪɟɫɬɰɚ - facies auricularis ossis sacri

ȼɟɪɯɭɲɤɚ ɤɪɟɫɬɰɚ – apex ossis sacri

Ɍɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɤɪɟɫɬɰɨɜɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ - foramina sacralia pelvina

Ⱦɨɪɫɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɪɟɫɬɰɨɜɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ - foramina sacralia dorsalia

Ʉɪɟɫɬɰɨɜɵɣ ɤɚɧɚɥ - canalis sacralis

Ƚɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɪɟɛɪɚ – caput costae

ɒɟɣɤɚ ɪɟɛɪɚ – collum costae

Ȼɭɝɨɪɨɤ ɪɟɛɪɚ - tuberculum costae

Ȼɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɪɟɛɪɚ - sulcus costae

Ȼɭɝɨɪɨɤ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɥɟɫɬɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɦɵɲɰɵ – tuberculum musculi scaleni anterioris

Ȼɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɱɧɨɣ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɢ (1 ɪɟɛɪɨ) – sulcus arteriae subclaviae

Ȼɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɵ (1 ɪɟɛɪɨ) - sulcus venae subclaviae

Ɋɭɤɨɹɬɤɚ ɝɪɭɞɢɧɵ – manubrium sterni

5

əɪɟɦɧɚɹ ɜɵɪɟɡɤɚ ɝɪɭɞɢɧɵ – incisura sterni jugularis

Ɍɟɥɨ ɝɪɭɞɢɧɵ – corpus sterni

Ɇɟɱɟɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ - processus xiphoideus

ɍɝɨɥ ɝɪɭɞɢɧɵ – angulus sterni

Ʌɨɛɧɵɣ ɛɭɝɨɪ ɥɨɛɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – tuber frontale ossis frontalis

Ƚɥɚɛɟɥɥɚ ɥɨɛɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – glabella ossis frontalis

ɇɚɞɝɥɚɡɧɢɱɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ (ɜɵɪɟɡɤɚ) ɥɨɛɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – foramen (incisura) supraorbitale ossis frontalis

ɋɤɭɥɨɜɨɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɥɨɛɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – processus zygomaticus ossis frontalis

əɦɤɚ ɫɥɟɡɧɨɣ ɠɟɥɟɡɵ ɥɨɛɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – fossa glandulae lacrimalis ossis frontalis

Ɍɟɥɨ ɤɥɢɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - corpus ossis sphenoidalis

Ɍɭɪɟɰɤɨɟ ɫɟɞɥɨ – sella turcica

Ƚɢɩɨɮɢɡɚɪɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ – fossa hypophysialis

ɋɩɢɧɤɚ ɫɟɞɥɚ ɤɥɢɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - dorsum sellae ossis sphenoidalis

Ɇɚɥɨɟ ɤɪɵɥɨ ɤɥɢɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - ala minor ossis sphenoidalis

Ɂɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɧɚɥ – canalis opticus

Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɤɪɵɥɨ ɤɥɢɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – ala major ossis sphenoidalis

Ʉɪɭɝɥɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ – foramen rotundum

Ɉɜɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ – foramen ovale

Ɉɫɬɢɫɬɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ – foramen spinosum

ɋɥɟɡɧɚɹ ɤɨɫɬɶ - os lacrimale

ɋɨɲɧɢɤ - vomer

ɇɨɫɨɜɚɹ ɤɨɫɬɶ - os nasale

Ʉɪɵɥɨɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɤɥɢɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis

Ʉɪɵɥɨɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɤɚɧɚɥ ɤɥɢɧɨɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - canalis pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis

Ʉɪɵɥɨɜɢɞɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ ɤɪɵɥɨɜɢɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɤɚ ɤɥɢɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - fossa pterygoidea processus pterygoidei

Ȼɚɡɢɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - pars basilaris ossis occipitalis

6

Ƚɥɨɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɛɭɝɨɪɨɤ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - tuberculum pharyngeum ossis occipitalis

Ʌɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - pars lateralis ossis occipitalis

Ɂɚɬɵɥɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɵɳɟɥɨɤ - condylus occipitalis

Ʉɚɧɚɥ ɩɨɞɴɹɡɵɱɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɪɜɚ – canalis nervi hypoglossi

ɇɚɪɭɠɧɵɣ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɱɧɵɣ ɜɵɫɬɭɩ - protuberantia occipitalis externa

ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɱɧɵɣ ɜɵɫɬɭɩ – protuberantia occipitalis interna

Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɱɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ - foramen occipitale magnum

ɉɢɪɚɦɢɞɚ (ɤɚɦɟɧɢɫɬɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ) ɜɢɫɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - pyramis ossis temporalis

ɋɨɫɰɟɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɜɢɫɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - processus mastoideus ossis temporalis

Ʉɪɵɲɚ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ɜɢɫɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - tegmen cavi tympani ossis temporalis Ɍɪɨɣɧɢɱɧɨɟ ɜɞɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɢɪɚɦɢɞɵ ɜɢɫɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - impressio trigemini partis petrosae ossis temporalis

ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɯɨɞ – porus acusticus internus et meatus acusticus internus

ɋɤɭɥɨɜɨɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɜɢɫɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - processus zygomaticus ossis temporalis

ɇɢɠɧɟɱɟɥɸɫɬɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ ɜɢɫɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – fossa mandibularis ossis temporalis

ɋɨɧɧɵɣ ɤɚɧɚɥ ɜɢɫɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – canalis caroticus ossis temporalis

ɇɚɪɭɠɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɫɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ – foramen externum canalis carotici

ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɫɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ - foramen internum canalis carotici

Ɇɵɲɟɱɧɨ-ɬɪɭɛɧɵɣ ɤɚɧɚɥ ɜɢɫɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - canalis musculotubarius ossis temporalis

Ƚɥɚɡɧɢɱɧɚɹ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɚ ɪɟɲɟɬɱɚɬɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis

ȼɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɝɥɚɡɧɢɱɧɚɹ ɳɟɥɶ – fissura orbitalis superior

ɇɢɠɧɹɹ ɝɥɚɡɧɢɱɧɚɹ ɳɟɥɶ - fissura orbitalis inferior

Ɍɟɥɨ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ - corpus maxillae

Ƚɥɚɡɧɢɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – facies orbitalis maxillae

ɉɨɞɝɥɚɡɧɢɱɧɚɹ ɛɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ - sulcus infraorbitalis maxillae

ɉɨɞɝɥɚɡɧɢɱɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ - foramen infraorbitale maxillae

Ȼɭɝɨɪ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – tuber maxillae

7

ɋɥɟɡɧɚɹ ɛɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ - sulcus lacrimalis maxillae

Ɋɚɫɳɟɥɢɧɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɱɟɥɸɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɚɡɭɯɢ (ɜɯɨɞ ɜ Ƚɚɣɦɨɪɨɜɭ ɩɚɡɭɯɭ) – hiatus maxillae

Ʌɨɛɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – processus frontalis maxillae

ɋɤɭɥɨɜɨɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ - processus zygomaticus maxillae

ɇɟɛɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ - processus palatinus maxillae

ɉɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɚ ɧɟɛɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ ( ɧɚ ɱɟɪɟɩɟ) – lamina perpendicularis ossis palatini

Ƚɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɤɚ ɧɟɛɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɟɩɟ - lamina horizontalis ossis palatini

Ɍɟɥɨ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – corpus mandibulae

ɉɨɞɛɨɪɨɞɨɱɧɵɣ ɜɵɫɬɭɩ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – protuberantia mentalis mandibulae

Ⱦɜɭɛɪɸɲɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – fossa digastrica mandibulae

ɑɟɥɸɫɬɧɨ-ɩɨɞɴɹɡɵɱɧɚɹ ɥɢɧɢɹ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – linea mylohyoidea mandibulae

Ⱥɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɞɭɝɚ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – arcus alveolaris mandibulae

Ɂɭɛɧɵɟ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɵ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – alveoli dentales mandibulae

ɍɝɨɥ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – angulus mandibulae

ȼɟɬɜɶ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – ramus mandibulae

ɀɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɛɭɝɪɢɫɬɨɫɬɶ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – tuberositas masseterica mandibulae

Ʉɪɵɥɨɜɢɞɧɚɹ ɛɭɝɪɢɫɬɨɫɬɶ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – tuberositas pterygoidea mandibulae

ȼɵɪɟɡɤɚ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ - incisura mandibulae

Ɇɵɳɟɥɤɨɜɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ – processus condylaris mandibulae

Ʉɪɵɥɨɜɢɞɧɚɹ ɹɦɨɱɤɚ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ - fovea pterygoidea mandibulae

ȼɟɧɟɱɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ- processus coronoideus mandibulae

Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɟɥɸɫɬɢ - foramen mandibulae

Ɍɟɥɨ ɩɨɞɴɹɡɵɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – corpus ossis hyoidei

Ɇɚɥɵɣ ɪɨɝ ɩɨɞɴɹɡɵɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – cornu minus ossis hyoidei

8

Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɪɨɝ ɩɨɞɴɹɡɵɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - cornu majus ossis hyoidei

Ɋɜɚɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɟɩɟ – foramen lacerum

əɪɟɦɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɟɩɟ – foramen cranii jugulare

ɉɟɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɱɟɪɟɩɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ – fossa cranii anterior

ɉɚɥɶɰɟɜɨɟ ɜɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɟɩɟ – impressio digitata

ɋɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɱɟɪɟɩɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ – fossa cranii media

Ɂɚɞɧɹɹ ɱɟɪɟɩɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ – fossa cranii posterior

ɋɤɚɬ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɟɩɟ - clivus

Ȼɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɫɚɝɢɬɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɧɭɫɚ – sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris

Ȼɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɧɭɫɚ - sulcus sinus transversi

Ȼɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɫɢɝɦɨɜɢɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɧɭɫɚ - sulcus sinus sigmoidei

ɏɨɚɧɵ - choanae

Ɍɜɟɪɞɨɟ ɧɟɛɨ – palatum (durum) osseum

Ɋɟɡɰɨɜɵɣ ɤɚɧɚɥ - canalis incisivus

Ʉɪɵɥɨɜɢɞɧɨ-ɧɟɛɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ – fossa pterygopalatina

ɉɨɞɜɢɫɨɱɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ – fossa infratemporalis

ȼɢɫɨɱɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ – fossa temporalis

Ⱥɤɪɨɦɢɨɧ – acromion

ɋɭɫɬɚɜɧɚɹ ɜɩɚɞɢɧɚ ɥɨɩɚɬɤɢ - cavitas glenoidalis scapulae

ɇɚɞɫɭɫɬɚɜɧɨɣ ɛɭɝɨɪɨɤ ɥɨɩɚɬɤɢ - tuberculum supraglenoidale

ɉɨɞɫɭɫɬɚɜɧɨɣ ɛɭɝɨɪɨɤ ɥɨɩɚɬɤɢ – tuberculum infraglenoidale

ɒɟɣɤɚ ɥɨɩɚɬɤɢ – collum scapulae

Ʉɥɸɜɨɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɥɨɩɚɬɤɢ - processus coracoideus scapulae

Ⱥɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɲɟɣɤɚ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – collum anatomicum humeri

Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɛɭɝɨɪɨɤ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - tuberculum majus humeri

Ɇɚɥɵɣ ɛɭɝɨɪɨɤ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - tuberculum minus humeri

Ɇɟɠɛɭɝɨɪɤɨɜɚɹ ɛɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – sulcus intertubercularis humeri

ɏɢɪɭɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɲɟɣɤɚ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – collum chirurgicum humeri

Ⱦɟɥɶɬɨɜɢɞɧɚɹ ɛɭɝɪɢɫɬɨɫɬɶ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – tuberositas deltoidea humeri

Ȼɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɥɭɱɟɜɨɝɨ ɧɟɪɜɚ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – sulcus nervi radialis humeri

9

Ʌɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɚɞɦɵɳɟɥɨɤ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – epicondylus lateralis humeri

Ɇɟɞɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɚɞɦɵɳɟɥɨɤ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - epicondylus medialis humeri

Ȼɨɪɨɡɞɚ ɥɨɤɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɧɟɪɜɚ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - sulcus nervi ulnaris humeri

Ȼɥɨɤ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - trochlea humeri

əɦɤɚ ɥɨɤɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɤɚ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – fossa olecrani humeri

ȼɟɧɟɱɧɚɹ ɹɦɤɚ ɩɥɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – fossa coronoidea humeri

Ƚɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɥɭɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - caput radii

ɋɭɫɬɚɜɧɚɹ ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɭɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – circumferentia articularis radii

ɒɟɣɤɚ ɥɭɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - collum radii

ɒɢɥɨɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɥɭɱɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - processus styloideus radii

Ʌɨɤɬɟɜɨɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɥɨɤɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – olecranon ulnae

ȼɟɧɟɱɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɥɨɤɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - processus coronoideus ulnae

Ȼɭɝɪɢɫɬɨɫɬɶ ɥɨɤɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – tuberositas ulnae

Ƚɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɥɨɤɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – caput ulnae

ɒɢɥɨɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɨɤ ɥɨɤɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - processus styloideus ulnae

Ʉɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɩɹɫɬɶɹ: - ossa carpi

-ɥɚɞɶɟɜɢɞɧɚɹ ɤɨɫɬɶ – os scaphoideum

-ɩɨɥɭɥɭɧɧɚɹ ɤɨɫɬɶ – os lunatum

-ɬɪɟɯɝɪɚɧɧɚɹ ɤɨɫɬɶ - os triquetrum

-ɤɨɫɬɶ-ɬɪɚɩɟɰɢɹ – os trapezium

-ɝɨɪɨɯɨɜɢɞɧɚɹ ɤɨɫɬɶ – os pisiforme

-ɬɪɚɩɟɰɢɜɢɞɧɚɹ ɤɨɫɬɶ – os trapezoideum

-ɝɨɥɨɜɱɚɬɚɹ ɤɨɫɬɶ – os capitatum

-ɤɪɸɱɤɨɜɢɞɧɚɹ ɤɨɫɬɶ – os hamatum

Ɉɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɬɟɥɨ ɢ ɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɩɹɫɬɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – basis, corpus et caput ossis metacarpalis

ɉɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ, ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɢ ɞɢɫɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɚɥɚɧɝɢ ɩɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɤɢɫɬɢ - phalanx proximalis, phalanx media, phalanx distalis

Ɂɚɩɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɬɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – foramen obturatum ossis coxae

ȼɟɪɬɥɭɠɧɚɹ ɜɩɚɞɢɧɚ ɬɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - acetabulum ossis coxae

10

ɉɨɥɭɥɭɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - facies lunata ossis coxae

ȼɵɪɟɡɤɚ ɜɟɪɬɥɭɠɧɨɣ ɜɩɚɞɢɧɵ ɬɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - incisura acetabuli ossis coxae

ɉɨɞɜɡɞɨɲɧɵɣ ɝɪɟɛɟɧɶ – crista iliaca

ȼɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɩɨɞɜɡɞɨɲɧɚɹ ɨɫɬɶ – spina iliaca anterior superior

ɇɢɠɧɹɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɩɨɞɜɡɞɨɲɧɚɹ ɨɫɬɶ - spina iliaca anterior inferior

ȼɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɡɚɞɧɹɹ ɩɨɞɜɡɞɨɲɧɚɹ ɨɫɬɶ - spina iliaca posterior superior

ɇɢɠɧɹɹ ɡɚɞɧɹɹ ɩɨɞɜɡɞɨɲɧɚɹ ɨɫɬɶ - spina iliaca posterior inferior

Ȼɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɫɟɞɚɥɢɳɧɚɹ ɜɵɪɟɡɤɚ – incisura ischiadica major

Ɇɚɥɚɹ ɫɟɞɚɥɢɳɧɚɹ ɜɵɪɟɡɤɚ - incisura ischiadica minor

ɋɟɞɚɥɢɳɧɵɣ ɛɭɝɨɪ – tuber ischiadicum

ɋɟɞɚɥɢɳɧɚɹ ɨɫɬɶ – spina ischiadica

Ʌɨɛɤɨɜɵɣ ɛɭɝɨɪɨɤ – tuberculum pubicum

ɉɨɞɜɡɞɨɲɧɨ – ɥɨɛɤɨɜɨɟ ɜɨɡɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ – eminentia iliopubica

Ɂɚɩɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɛɨɪɨɡɞɚ – sulcus obturatorius

Ƚɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɛɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - caput ossis femoris

ɒɟɣɤɚ ɛɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – collum ossis femoris

Ɇɚɥɵɣ ɜɟɪɬɟɥ ɛɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – trochanter minor

Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɜɟɪɬɟɥ ɛɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - trochanter major

Ɇɟɠɜɟɪɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɪɟɛɟɧɶ - crista intertrochanterica

Ɇɟɠɜɟɪɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɥɢɧɢɹ - linea intertrochanterica

ɒɟɪɨɯɨɜɚɬɚɹ ɥɢɧɢɹ ɛɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – linea aspera ossis femoris

Ɇɟɞɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɵɳɟɥɨɤ ɛɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – condylus medialis ossis femoris

Ɇɟɞɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɚɞɦɵɳɟɥɨɤ ɛɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ – epicondylus medialis ossis femoris

Ʌɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɵɳɟɥɨɤ ɛɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ- condylus lateralis ossis femoris

Ʌɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɚɞɦɵɳɟɥɨɤ ɛɟɞɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - epicondylus lateralis ossis femoris

ɇɚɞɤɨɥɟɧɧɢɤ - patella

Ɇɟɞɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɵɳɟɥɨɤ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɛɟɪɰɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - condylus medialis tibiae

Ʌɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɵɳɟɥɨɤ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɛɟɪɰɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ - condylus lateralis tibiae