Test. Signing the contract.

1. It’s time the children ____ for a walk.

a) go b) went c) gone

2. I wish I ____ abroad last summer.

a)were b) have been c) had been

3. If the weather _____ good, I will go for a picnic.

a) is b) was c) been

4. You would buy that souvenirs if you _____ local currency.

a) have b) had c) have had

5. If they had been younger they _____ part in this competition.

a) would take b) will take c) would have taken

Тематический словарь

Module I

Unit 2. About myself and my family.

Основной

family - семья

parents - родители

father - отец

mother - мать

son - сын

daughter - дочь

sister - сестра

brother - брат

aunt - тетя

uncle - дядя

cousin - двоюродный брат (сестра)

niece - племянница

nephew - племянник

grandparents - дедушка и бабушка

grandfather - дедушка

grandmother - бабушка

granddaughter - внучка

grandson - внук

husband - муж

wife - жена

relatives (close, distant) - родственники (близкие, дальние)

child - ребенок

consist of - состоять из

have - иметь

Дополнительный

age - возраст

baby - грудной ребенок

twins - близнецы

stepfather - отчим

stepmother - мачеха

father-in-law - свекор, тесть

mother-in-law - свекровь, теща

daughter-in-law - невестка

son-in-law - зять

housewife - домохозяйка

kindergarten - детский сад

How old are you? - сколько тебе лет?

I am 20 years old. - Мне 20 лет.

to be married - быть женатым (замужем)

to get married - жениться, выходить замуж

to help about the house - помогать по дому

to look after the house - вести хозяйство

to take care of - заботиться о ком-то

a family of three - семья из 3 человек

to be in good health - иметь хорошее здоровье

to retire on a pension - выходить на пенсию

to bring up - воспитывать

a house - дом

to study - учиться

hobby - хобби

Unit 3. My house (flat).

General

apartment - апартаменты, квартира

house - дом

flat - квартира

block of flats - многоквартирный дом

entrance - подъезд

balcony - балкон

lift - лифт

floor - этаж, пол

bedroom - спальня

living (sitting) room - гостиная

study - кабинет

kitchen - кухня

entrance hall - прихожая

lavatory - туалет

central heating - отопление

electricity - электричество

gas - газ

running water - водопровод

telephone - телефон

convenience - удобство

furniture - мебель

TV set - телевизор

table - стол

sofa - диван

armchair - кресло

bed - кровать

carpet - ковер

stove - плита

refrigerator, fridge - холодильник

live - жить

Additional (extra)

picture - картина

sofa-bed - диван-кровать

bedside table - тумбочка

wardrobe - платяной шкаф

toilet articles - туалетные принадлежности

mirror - зеркало

convenient - удобный

cozy - уютный

of modern design - современный

cupboard - посудный шкаф

curtain - занавеска

tape-recorder - магнитофон

piano - пианино

sideboard - сервант

bookshelf - книжная полка

bookcase - книжный шкаф

desk - парта, стол

building - здание

private house - частный дом

keep the house clean - содержать дом в чистоте

move (to) - переезжать

hall-stand - вешалка

Unit 4. Is it difficult to learn English?

Основной

intensive studies - интенсивное обучение

foreign language - иностранный язык

foreigner - иностранец

high level of knowledge - высокий уровень знаний

dialog - диалог

exercise - упражнение

text - текст

language - язык

word - слово

homework - домашняя работа

home task - домашнее задание

tape-recorder - магнитофон

practice - упражнять(ся)

communicate - общаться

knowledge - знание

learn - учить, узнавать

study - учить(ся)

read - читать

translate - переводить

pronounce - произносить

it takes me … - занимать (о времени)

speak to - говорить с

communicate with - общаться с

answer the questions - отвечать на вопросы

make up dialogues - составлять диалоги

do grammar exercises - делать грамматические упражнения

speak on different topics - высказываться по различным темам

discuss books - обсуждать книги

translate from English into Russian - переводить с английского на русский

get ready for - готовиться к

dictionary - словарь

work hard at - усердно работать над

Дополнительный

sentence - предложение

phrase - фраза

effort - усилие

master - овладевать, изучать

contents – содержание

transcription - транскрипция

sound - звук

conversation - беседа

the ABC - алфавит

intellectual - интеллигент

teach - учить, обучать кого-либо

cross - пересечь, перейти

tongue - язык

foreign - иностранный

statement - утверждение

outlook - кругозор

spelling - орфография

exception - исключение

idiom - идиома, устойчивое словосочетание

preposition - предлог

Module II

Unit 5. Let's talk about films.

Основной

act in a film - сниматься в фильме

cinema - кинотеатр

film - фильм

feature film - художественный фильм

screen - экран

stage - сцена

cast - состав исполнителей

exciting - волнующий

thrilling - захватывающий

enjoy - наслаждаться

be on - идти (на сцене)

Дополнительный

theatre - театр

matinee - дневное представление

circus - цирк

performance - театральное представление, исполнение

show - представление, зрелищное мероприятие

perform - исполнять, играть

foyer - фойе театра

stalls - партер

pit - амфитеатр

music - музыка

box - ложа

dress-circle - бельэтаж

balcony - балкон

piece of music - музыкальное произведение

classics - классика

Unit 6. Talking about holidays.

Основной

travel agency - бюро путешествий

package holiday - туристическая поездка, включающая транспорт, услуги и развлечения, полностью организуемые туристической фирмой

winter holiday - отдых, включающий зимние виды спорта

go camping - туристический отдых (на природе в палатках)

walking holiday - туристический поход

coach tour - автобусный тур

go on holiday - отправляться на каникулы

be on holiday - отдыхать, быть в отпуске, на каникулах

on vocation - в отпуске

on business - по делу

travelling - путешествие

travel - путешествовать

by sea - морем

by air - по воздуху

by road - наземным транспортом

on foot - пешком

for pleasure - ради удовольствия

on a ship board - на борту корабля

car - машина

plane - самолет

ferry - паром

ship - корабль

boat - лодка

train - поезд

electric train - электричка

speed - скорость

safety - безопасность

railway station - железнодорожный вокзал

platform - платформа

time-table - расписание

fare - оплата проезда

ticket - билет

single ticket - билет в одну сторону

return ticket - билет туда и обратно

ticket for a train to … - билет на поезд в …

sleeping carriage - спальный вагон

dining carriage - вагон-ресторан

Дополнительный

souvenir - сувенир

postcard - открытка

trip - экскурсия, путешествие

journey - поездка, путешествие

map - карта

in advance - заблаговременно

sail - отплывать

arrive - прибывать

leave - отправляться

enjoy - наслаждаться

admire - восхищаться

walk - гулять, ходить пешком

carriage - вагон

change trains - делать пересадку

see off - провожать

fast - быстрый, скорый

slow - медленный

call a taxi - вызвать такси

advantage - преимущество

tent - палатка

rest-home - дом отдыха

sanatorium - санаторий

tourist camp - туристическая база

Unit 7. At the airport.

Основной

airport - аэропорт

register / check in - регистрироваться

boarding pass/ boarding card - посадочный талон

departure gate - выход к самолету

fasten the belts - пристегнуть ремни

departure - отлет

take off - взлетать

land - приземляться

flight - рейс

economy class - эконом класс

first class - первый класс

request - просить, требовать

suitcase - чемодан

luggage/baggage/suitcases - багаж

luggage limitation - ограничение багажа

luggage weight - вес багажа

excess luggage - лишний вес

overweight - перевес

pay extra - доплачивать

visa - виза

visa is valid for - виза действительна в течение

passport - паспорт

declare - декларировать, заявлять

customs - таможня

check - проверять

baggage hall - багажное отделение, где получают багаж

hand-baggage - ручная кладь

personal belongings - личные вещи

board of a plane - борт самолета

arrival card - карточка прибытия

residence - постоянное местожительство

permanent address адрес постоянного места жительства

passport control - паспортный контроль

go through - проходить

immigration officer - сотрудник таможни

go to travel - отправляться в путешествие

collect - забирать

Дополнительный

currency - валюта

phrase book - разговорник

left-luggage office - камера хранения

booking-office - билетная касса

inquiry office - справочное бюро

call a porter - позвать носильщика

looking for a cart - поиск тележки для багажа

announcement - объявление

security check - контроль безопасности

Module III

Unit 8. At the office.

Основной

table - стол

pencil - карандаш

diary - ежедневник

filing cabinet - шкаф для хранения документов

computer - компьютер

printer - принтер, печатающее устройство

telephone - телефон

реn - ручка

rubber - резинка

calculator - калькулятор

copy machine - копировальный аппарат

stamp - марка

note pad - блокнот

fax machine - аппарат факсимильной связи

paper clip - скрепка

pencil sharpener - точилка

ruler - линейка

scissors - ножницы

Unit 9. Working day of a businessman.

Основной

working day - рабочий день

to appoint - назначать

busy schedule - напряженный график

look thorough - просматривать

business mail - деловая переписка

business event - событие в области бизнеса

be up to date - быть в курсе дела

receive clients - принимать клиентов

job schedule - рабочий график

price – цена

goods - товары

term - условие

payment - оплата

shipment - погрузка

delivery - доставка

business matter - деловой вопрос

make arrangements - договариваться о встречи

exhibition - выставка

stay - оставаться

Дополнительный

working day - рабочий день

week-days - будние дни

wake up - просыпаться

get up - вставать

make one’s bed - убирать постель

do morning exercises - делать утреннюю зарядку

clean teeth - чистить зубы

wash (oneself) - умываться

take a shower (bath) - принимать душ (ванну)

dress (oneself) - одеваться

comb (brush) one’s hair - причесываться

take a bus - ехать автобусом

have a rest - отдыхать

do homework - делать домашнее задание

go to bed - ложиться спать

day off - выходной день

week-end - конец недели

enjoy - наслаждаться

make plans - планировать

spend time - проводить время

go for a walk - идти на прогулку

receive guests - принимать гостей

Unit 10.Meeting customers.

Основной

customer - заказчик

representative - представитель

appointment - встреча

expect - ожидать

conference room - комната переговоров

take off - взлет

delay - задерживаться

arrival - посадка, прибытие

be on time - быть по расписанию

catalogue - каталог

study closely - тщательно изучить

be certainly good - быть весьма неплохим

be of high quality - быть высокого качества

produce - производить

be heavy with orders - иметь много заказов

meet requirements - удовлетворять требованием

be interested in - интересоваться чем-либо

contract form - контракт

discuss the contract - обсуждать контракт

Module IV

Unit 11. Speaking with a businessman.

Основной

business talk - деловой разговор

personal question - личные вопросы

conversation - беседа, разговор

introduce - представление

let me introduce - позвольте мне представить

deputy - заместитель, помощник

wait for - ждать

be on vocation - быть в отпуске

business visit - деловой визит

strong wind - сильный ветер

cloudy weather - облачная погода

stay - останавливаться

service - сервис

single room - одноместный номер

beautiful view - красивый вид

make a deal for - заключить сделку на покупку

be hungry - быть голодным

know better - узнавать лучше

keep up the conversation - поддерживать разговор

Unit 12. Discussing contract terms.

Основной

get down to business - переходить к делу

come to conclusion - делать вывод

be up to world standards - соответствовать мировым стандартам

be in great demand - пользоваться большим спросом

world market - мировой рынок

commercial side of the deal - коммерческая сторона сделки

clarify - уточнять

attractive price - привлекательная цена

reduce - уменьшать

consignment - партия товара

discount - скидка

purchase - покупка

suit - подходить

get in touch with - связываться с

join into force - вступить в действие

payment for collection - платеж в форме инкассо

be appropriate - подходить

sign a contract - подписывать контракт

make bargain - совершать сделку

Unit 13. Signing a contract.

Основной

lawyer - адвокат, юрист

agree to - соглашаться с

signature - подпись

put signature - ставить подпись

champagne - шампанское

celebrate - отмечать

propose a toast - говорить тост

business partner - деловой партнер

wish all the best - желать самого хорошего

cooperate successfully - успешно сотрудничать

Cheers! - за ваше здоровье!

drink to - пить за что-либо

bend over backwards - очень стараться

meet our interests - учесть наши интересы

do business - вести дела

fruitful negotiations - плодотворные переговоры

give a talk - проводить беседу

Сборник дополнительных текстов

Module I

Unit 2. About myself and my family.

TEXT 1. MY FAMILY.

My family is quite large. I have a father, a mother, a brother and a sister. We all live together in Krasnoyarsk.

My father’s name is Igor. He is 45 years old. He is a tall and well-built man with short black hair and grey eyes. He works at a big plant as an engineer. He likes his work and spends most of his time there. By character my father is a quiet man, while my mother is energetic and talkative. Her name is Olga. She is a teacher of English.

My sister’s name is Lisa. Like her mother she has blue eyes and lovely fair hair. She is a very good-looking girl. Lisa is three years younger than me. She is a pupil of the 9^th form. She does well at school and gets only good and excellent marks.

My name is Max. Last year I left school and entered the University.

Our family is very united. We like to spend time together. In the evenings we watch TV, read books and newspapers, listen to music or just talk about the events of the day. All of us like to spend our week-ends out of town. We often go to the village where our grandparents live. They are old-age pensioners now but prefer to live in the country.

I also have many other relatives: uncles, aunts, cousins and many friends. We are happy when we are together.

TEXT 2. BRITISH FAMILIES.

British families are usually quite big. An average family consists of a mother, a father and two or three children. But no one is really sure how it is possible to have four children. It is quite rare in Britain for grandparents, aunts and uncles to share the house with the family. However, families often share the house with dogs, cats, goldfish and even rabbits which they keep, not to eat, but as pets.

Unit 3. My house (flat).

TEXT 1. OUR HOUSE AND FLAT.

I live in Krasnoyarsk in a new nine-storied block of flats at 24, Lenina street. Our house is of modern design. There's a big grocery on the ground floor and it's very convenient to do everyday shopping. In front of the house there is a children's playground and a small garden. I like spending time there.

My flat is on the fifth floor. It is very comfortable. I have all modern conveniences, such as central heating, electricity, cold and hot running water and a telephone. There are three rooms in my flat: a living room, a bedroom and a study. I also have a kitchen, a bathroom, a small entrance hall and two balconies.

My living room is the largest in the flat. It is nicely furnished. In the corner there is a colour TV set. In the opposite corner there is a sofa and two armchairs. The piano is on the right. There are two pictures above the piano. On the floor we have a nice thick carpet. The curtains on the window match the walls. All this makes the room cosy.

In my study you may see a table with computer and two bookcases. I am fond of books and have plenty of them at home. Also there is a fireplace and a very comfortable armchair where I like to sit and read books.

My bedroom is also very nice and cosy. There are two beds, a bedside table, some chairs and a wardrobe in it. There is a lovely carpet on the floor between the beds.

My kitchen is rather large. There is a stove, four stools, a refrigerator and a cupboard in which I keep cups, plates and all my dishes. The kitchen serves me as a dining-room. But when I receive guests or have different celebrations I have the meals in the living-room.

The bathroom is near the kitchen. Here I keep my toilet articles, have a bath and a shower.

The entrance hall is small. There is a hall-stand and a mirror on the wall. A telephone is on a special table under the mirror.

I am happy to have such a nice flat and try to keep it clean.

TEXT 2. THE HOUSE OF AN ENGLISHMAN.

A lot of families in London live in flats, but most people live in their own houses in the suburbs. Most of London's suburban houses consist of two floors, the ground floor and the first floor. All in all there are six or seven rooms in the house.

On the ground floor there's a dining-room, a sitting-room, a kitchen and a hall. In the hall you can see a stand for hats, coats and umbrellas. A staircase leads from the hall to the landing on the first floor. On this floor there are four bedrooms, a bathroom and a lavatory. On top of the roof there are three chimneys.

In front of the house they have a small garden, in which they grow flowers: roses, tulips and so on. At the back of the house there's a much larger garden with a lawn and some fruit trees. There's also a vegetable garden where they grow all kinds of vegetables, such as potatoes, cabbages, cauliflowers, onions and tomatoes.

At the side of the house there is a garage, where they can keep their car. The garden is enclosed by a fence, with a gate in it.

Unit 4. Is it difficult to learn English?

TEXT 1. MY ENGLISH STUDIES.

Learning a foreign language is not an easy thing. It is a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and efforts.

We began studying English in the fourth form of the secondary school. We started with the ABC, transcription and sounds. Then we learnt some English words, conversational phrases and dialogues by heart, read and translated easy texts.

From lesson to lesson we improved our knowledge, learnt more and more new words, grammatical structures and put them into practice of speaking. We enjoyed our English classes and prepared carefully for them. At home we tried to listen to different educational programmes over the radio, watched English films on TV.

Soon we were able not only to read and translate texts but to discuss their contents in English, to communicate with one another making useful statements in real-life situations.

I want to know foreign languages because I have always been interested in foreign countries, their cultures and peoples. I want to learn English in particular not only because it is the language of such great countries as the USA and Great Britain, but also because it has become the international language, the language of progressive science and engineering. To know English today is absolutely necessary for every educated man, for every good specialist.

TEXT 2. ENGLISH AS A WORLD LANGUAGE.

It is only in the course of the last hundred years that English has become a world language. In Shakespeare's time it was a "provincial" language of secondary importance with only 6 million native speakers. Nowadays English has become the world's most important language in politics, science, trade and cultural relations. In a number of speakers (400 million) it is second only to Chinese. It is the official language of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, of the United States of America, of Australia and New Zealand. English is used as one of the official languages in Canada, the Republic of South Africa and the Irish Republic. It is also spoken as a second language by many people in India, Pakistan, numerous countries in Africa. The number of second-language speakers may soon exceed the number of native speakers, if it has not done so already.

Even more widely English is studied and used as a foreign language. In this respect it acquired an international status. It is used for communication across frontiers, listening to broadcasts, reading books and newspapers, in commerce and travel. Half of the world's scientific literature is in English. English is associated with technological and economic develop­ment of the great manufacturing countries and it is the principal language of international aid. It is the language of automation and computer technology. It is not only the universal language of international aviation, shipping and sport, it is to a consid­erable degree the universal language of literacy and public communication. It is the major language of diplomacy, and is the most frequently used language both in the debates in the United Nations and in the general conduct of the UN business.

English has become a world language because of its estab­lishment as a mothertongue outside England, in all the countries of the world. This exporting of English began in the seventeenth century, with the first settlements in North America. Above all, it is the great growth of population in the United States, assisted by massive immigration in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, that has given the English language its modern standing in the world.

Module II

Unit 5. Let's talk about films.

TEXT 1. Theatres and Cinemas of Krasnoyarsk.

There are some theatres in Krasnoyarsk and they are all very popular with the public. Theatre lovers don't miss any new performance at the theatres. Both children and grown-ups like to go to the Puppet Theatre and to the Circus. Those who are fond of music go to the Opera and Ballet Theatre and to the Philharmonic.

As far as I am concerned I like Drama Theatre named after Pushkin and Theatre of Music Comedy. If I want to go to an evening show I usually book tickets in advance. But for matinee performances I always buy tickets just before the show.

There are many talented actors and actresses in our country. My favourite actor is O. Yankovsky. He played the leading parts in many films and I always enjoy his superb acting.

Also there are a lot of cinemas in Krasnoyarsk. A lot of people got there every day. You may not only see film at the cinema but spend wonderful evening with your friends after or before the film. You sit at the café or even go to the restaurant and you needn’t go out of the cinema.

When I want to go to the cinema I usually see in the programme what films are on. Then I phone my friends and we discuss what films to see. We prefer feature films but also enjoy cartoons and popular science films. To see a good love story, musical or detective film is a very pleasant way of spending free time.

The film I saw last was the screen version of the novel Gone with the Wind by M. Mitchel. This film is in colour. It's an old film but still it enjoys great popularity. There are many famous American actors in it with Vivien Leigh and Clark Gable in the leads. I was deeply impressed by their acting and the film itself.

TEXT 2. THEATRES, MUSIC HALLS AND CINEMAS IN LONDON.

Theatres are very much the same in London as anywhere else: the chief theatres, music halls and cinemas are in the West End. If you are staying in London for a few days, you'll have no difficulty whatever in finding somewhere to spend an enjoyable evening. You'll find opera, ballet, comedy, drama, musical comedy and variety. Films are shown in the cinemas during the greater part of the day.

The best seats at theatres are those in the stalls and circle. Then comes the pit, and last of all the gallery where the seats are the cheapest. Boxes, of course, are the most expensive.

At the West End theatres you can get the best of every­thing — an excellent orchestra, famous conductors, celebrated singers and well-dressed audience. You can see most of the famous English actors and actresses. As a rule, the plays are magnificently staged: costumes, dresses, scenery, everything being done on the most lavish scale. Choose a good play, and you'll enjoy yourself from the moment the curtain goes up to the end of the last act. Get your seat beforehand, either at the box-office of the theatre itself or at one of the agencies. When you go to a theatre you'll probably want to sit as near to the stage as possible. If you are at a cinema, you may prefer to sit some distance from the screen. In fact, I would say, the further away the better.

Unit 6. Talking about holidays.

TEXT 1. Travelling.

Modern life is impossible without traveling. Millions of people all over the world travel every day either on business or for pleasure. There are a lot of means of travelling and people can travel by plane, by train, by ship, by car or on foot. And of course all means of travelling have their advantages and disadvantages. People can choose one according to their plans and destinations.

Travelling by plain is the most convenient, comfortable and the fastest means of travelling. But it has such disadvantages like airsickness and your ears hurt during the taking off and landing. And the main disadvantage is the cost of flight – it’s the most expensive means of traveling.

Travelling by train is much slower than by plain, you can see beautiful nature landscape and places of interest of the country you are traveling through. Most people prefer to travel by train because of its comfort.

Travelling by sea is popular mostly for pleasure trips. Of course this means of travelling is very interesting and amazing because people can enjoy the views of sea, seashore, they can breathe fresh sea air. But on ship board you can feel seasick and it’s very expensive too.

Another means of travelling is a coach tour. Coach tours are planned and you can have a chance to do a lot of sightseeing and have a good rest at the same time.

Travelling is a good thing, because it’s always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people and to try different food.

Text 2.

Travel is extremely important nowadays. Two hundred years ago, most people never travelled further than a few km. They travelled, walked, went by carriage or on horseback. But in the last quarter of the twentieth century, people have travelled a lot. Many people travel 50 or 100 km daily by public transport or private car. Millions of people travel long distances abroad on business trips or for holidays every year. Even a housewife who is going shopping may travel twenty km.

For most people, speed is a very important factor when they are travelling. They want to reach their destination as quickly as possible. There are now planes that can cross the Atlantic in just over three hours.

Other people prefer comfort to speed. They like to relax during the journey and enjoy themselves as much as possible.

For almost everyone, safety is the most important factor. For example, many people never fly because they believe it is dangerous. In fact, it is probably much more dangerous to travel by car or to walk across a street.

Module III

Unit 9.Working day of a businessman.

Text 1. MY WORKING DAY.

On week-days I usually get up at 7 o’clock. I make my bed, open the window and do my morning exercises. Then I go to the bathroom where I clean my teeth and wash myself. If I have enough time I take a cold and hot shower. After bathroom I go back to my room where I dress myself and brush my hair. In 10 minutes I am ready for breakfast. It may be a cup of tea or coffee and a sandwich.

After breakfast I put on my coat, take the bag and go to university. As I live not far from university it takes me only ten minutes to get there. I don’t want to be late for the first lesson so I come a few minutes before the beginning.

Our lessons start at half past eight in the morning and they are over at half past three in the afternoon. After classes I go home and have dinner there. But sometimes I go to the canteen and have dinner there.

After dinner I have a short rest, read newspapers, make some telephone calls. Then I do my homework. We study many subjects, so it takes me about two hours to do my homework. Sometimes I go to the library to get ready for my practical classes or to write a report. As a rule I have no free time on my week-days.

Eight o’clock is supper time in our family. We all get together in the kitchen, then go to the sitting room and watch TV, read books or discuss different problems.

At about eleven at night I go to bed.

Text 2. MY DAY-OFF.

Most people in our country work five days a week but students work six days. They have only one day off. It is Sunday.

I like this day very much. You needn’t hurry anywhere and you may go wherever you like after your week’s work. On this day I wake up later than usually. But sometimes I don’t get up till nine or ten o’clock. I read morning newspapers or listen to music.

As soon as I get up I air the room, make my bed and do morning exercises. Then I go to bathroom and have breakfast. Two more hours for getting ready with my homework and I am free.

I meet my friends and we discuss our plans together. We may go to the cinema or theatre, to museums and parks. In fine weather we also like to be out of town. We find a nice place somewhere in the forest or on the bank of the river and have a picnic.

In the evening all the members of our family get together. We have supper, make plans for tomorrow, watch TV or read books. Sometimes we receive guests at our place or go for a walk. I enjoy my days off very much.

	Simple	Continuous(Progressive)	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
PRESENT (настоящее)	Usually – обычно Always-всегда Often-часто Seldom-редко Sometimes-иногда Every day-каждый день + I ask. - I don’t ask - He-she-it doesn’t … ? Do you ask? ? Does he …	Now-сейчас At this moment-в данный момент While-пока At 2 o’clock-в 2 часа + I am asking. - I am not asking. ? Are you asking? ? Is he asking?	Already-уже Yet - уже (в вопрос.) - ещё (в отр.) Just-только что Never-никогда Ever - иногда Recently-недавно +I have asked. - I have not asked. ? Have you asked? ? Has he asked?	For - в течение Since -с тех пор как All this year-всё в этот год Already-уже Yet-уже (ещё) + I have been asking. - I have not been asking. ? Have you been asking?
	Простое прошедшее {Ved, V2 }	Прошедшее длительное {was/were Ving}	Прошедшее завершенное {had Ved, V3}	Прошедшее завершенно-длительное {had been Ving}
PAST (прошедшее)	Yesterday-вчера Last …-на прошлой Long ago-давно … ago - назад + I asked. - I didn’t ask. ? Did I ask?	At 6 o’clock - в 6ч. when she came - когда она пришла While – как/пока +I was asking. - I was not asking. ? Was I asking?	By -к Before he came-до того как он пришёл + I had asked. - I had not asked. ? Had I asked?	Already-уже For more than 5 hours-более 5 часов Since-с, с того как + I had been asking - I had not been asking. ? Had I been asking?
	Простое будущее {will V}	Будущее длительное {will be Ving}	Будущее завершенное {will have Ved, V3}	Будущее завершенно-длительное {will have been Ving}
FUTEURE (будущее)	Tomorrow-завтра Next … -на следующей In 2 days- через 2 дня Soon- скоро + I will ask. - I will not ask. ? Will you ask?	Tomorrow at 3 o’clock - завтра в 3ч. While-в то время как, пока + I will be asking. - I will not be asking. ? Will you be asking?	Tomorrow by 3 o’clock - завтра к 3ч. By-к + I will have asked. - I will not have asked. ? Will you have asked?	Already-уже For Since + I will have been asking. - I will not have been asking. ? Will you have been asking?
Future in the past (будущее в прошедшем) (He said …)	{Would V} + He would ask – он спросит	{Would be Ving} + He would be asking – он будет спрашивать (в определённое время)	{Would have Ved, V3} + He would have asked – он спросит (к определенному моменту)	{Would have been Ving} + He would have been asking – он будет спрашивать

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