References

1. Glendinning E., McEwan J. Basic English for Computing. Oxford University Press, 2006. 130 p.

2. Glendinning E., McEwan J. Oxford English for Information Technology. Oxford University Press, 2006. 224 p.

3. Marks J. Check your English vocabulary for computers and information technology. London: A & C Black Publishers Ltd, 2007. 80 p.

4. Бобылева С.В., Жаткин Д. Н. Английский язык для сферы информационных технологийи сервиса: учебное пособие. Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2009. 332 с.

5. Маркушевская Л.П., Буханова Л.И., Савенкова О.И. Computer in Use. СПб: СПб ГУ ИТМО, 2010. 129 с.

6. Перевалова А. А., Клыкова Н. И. Information Technology: учебное пособие. Кемерово: ГОУ ВПО "Кемеровский государственный университет", 2009. 132с.

7. Радовель В. А. Английский язык. Основы компьютерной грамотности: Учебное пособие. Изд. 3-е. Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2006. 224 с.

8. URL: http://www.cnettv.cnet.com

9. URL: http://www.voanews.com

10. URL: http://www.bbc.co.uk

11. URL: http://www.euronews.net

12. URL: www.allaboutstevejobs.com

Appendix listening script

Unit 1 Programming

Tasks 9 (p. 11).

Part 1

The circle is a CONNECTOR symbol. It appears when two separate paths through a process come together. It's always empty. You don't find any text, numbers, or symbols in it. Just the circle.

The parallelogram is the INPUT or OUTPUT symbol. It looks like a rectangle with two sloping sides. We use it when data has to be input or output. It contains words like Input or Print.

The ellipse is the START or STOP symbol. It looks like a rounded rectangle. It's used at the beginning and end of a flowchart, so it will contain the word Start or the word Stop.

The diamond shape is the DECISION symbol. It's used whenever a decision has to be made. Often it contains comparison functions such as less than or greater than. It has a Yes or True branch at one corner and a No or False branch at another.

The ordinary rectangle is the OPERATION or PROCESS symbol. It indicates the kind of operation. It will contain words like add, subtract, multiply, divide or make equal to.

Task 11 (p. 12).

Part 2

This is a flowchart for calculating a tax, called sales tax, which is charged when you buy certain things. The flowchart begins with a Start symbol. Then you input the initial cost of the item. We'll call the initial cost С.

Next there's a decision. There are two rates of tax, 15% and 10%. The program must decide which rate to use. We'll call the rate R. R depends on the initial cost. If the cost is greater than 100, the program follows the Yes route and sets the tax at 15%. Otherwise, the program follows the No route and sets the tax at 10%.

The two different paths, or routes, come together again at the connector symbol and continue along the same route. Then there's an operation. Sales tax is calculated by multiplying the cost, C, by the rate, R. Finally the amount of tax is printed out and the program stops.

Unit 4 Programming Languages

Task 11 (p. 36).

line ten, rem averages

line twenty, CLS

line thirty, print, open quotes, type nine nine nine to indicate end of data,

close quotes

line forty, print

line fifty, sum equals zero

line sixty, counter equals zero

line seventy, print, open quotes, please enter a number, close quotes

line eighty, input number

line ninety, do while number is not equal to nine nine nine

line one hundred, sum equals sum plus number

line one hundred and ten, counter equals counter plus one

line one hundred and twenty, print, open quotes, please enter the next

number, close quotes

line one hundred and thirty, input number

line one hundred and forty, loop

line one hundred and fifty, average equals sum divided by counter

line one hundred and sixty, print, open quotes, the average of the numbers is colon, space, close quotes, semi-colon, average

line one hundred and seventy, end

Unit 5 Websites

Task 14 (p. 45).

Inter-viewer	How long has your site been up?
John	Just a couple of months. It's brand new.
Int.	What's your site all about?
John	It's called The Movie Shrine, www.the movieshrine.com, and it's just a site with movie reviews, strange things I've noticed about certain films, and lots of links to other movie sites.
Int.	Why dedicate your site to this subject?
John	I decided to make a site about movies because I've been a huge movie fan for a long time. Right now, films are my biggest hobby.
Int.	What makes your site special?
John	I guess my site is just a little less formal than most of the film sites on the Internet. I've tried to make the layout unique and include material for movie fans of all types. It's for people who like movies of all kinds. There are plenty of sites for fans of particular actors or genres of movies like sci-fi, horror, films noirs and so on.
Int.	How did you create your site?
John	I created the site pretty easily using Dreamweaver, which is one of the Adobe packages.
Int.	What was the most difficult part?
John	Oh, the design. Just working out how the site would look and how the pages would link up. I'd tried to put up a couple of websites before but after constructing the main page, I'd lost interest.
Int.	How did you get your domain name?
John	I got a free domain name from www.domainzero.com. The price of a 'free' domain is that all kinds of advertising is sent to you by email, but that's a small price to pay.
Int.	Have you registered your site on a search engine?
John	No, I haven't gotten around to registering on a search engine yet. I'm told you have to really persevere to get listed. Yahoo! just seems to swallow submissions.
Int.	Have you included links to other sites?
John	I include many links to other sites. That may be the best thing about my site, the huge number of links. I'm also in a lot of Yahoo! Clubs and I've linked to them too.
Int.	Has anyone linked to you?
John	Since my site hasn't been around for very long at all, I don't think anybody has linked to me yet except for a couple of Yahoo! Clubs.
Int.	How long do you spend updating your site?
John	As often as possible but it's difficult during the week. My studies don't leave me a lot of time and I've got other interests. And I need to watch movies sometimes! Generally the update will take from forty-five minutes to an hour.
Int.	What sort of feedback do you get from visitors?
John	I haven't really gotten much feedback so far except from people I know and they like it, or say they do! I'm hoping that after more people discover the site I'll start to get more reactions by email.
Int.	Do you have any tips for others creating a homepage?
John	Pick a topic you're really interested in. Get a good domain name. Keep your site updated - nobody likes a static site. I would look at lots of other sites for good ideas.
Int.	What do you intend to do next with your site?
John	I'm going to update the Movie Journal section and I'd like to build in new links.
Int.	What's your favourite site?
John	It would ... my favourite site would have to be the Internet Movie Database, www.imdb.com. That's not a very original answer but that site just has such a wealth of information about every kind of movie that it's probably my favourite. [John's site is no longer running. He's too busy with his studies.]

Unit 6 Software Engineering

Task 12 (p. 53).

Analyst	If I could find out what you do at present. What kind of system do you have at the moment?
Hotel owner	Well, we introduced erm… a computerised system about five years ago but I'm not very happy with it. What we've got is erm… just a system that allows us to enter bookings as they come in.
Analyst	So is everything computerised or... ?
H.o.	No, it's only the reservations system.
Analyst	So what features would you like to add to this?
H.o.	Well, there are a number of things. I would like a more sophisticated system that would allow me to link reservations and invoicing. I'd like the system to handle invoices also.
Analyst	OK. Now the output. What kind of output are you looking for from this?
H.o.	Erm… well there are a number of things I'd like. One is of course the total invoice, a bill for the guests. I'd like it also to display room bookings so that if someone phones up it's easy for the reception staff to identify quickly which rooms are occupied and which are available.
Analyst	Is that on the screen?
H.o.	Yes, I would like it to be on the screen if possible. A sort of room chart on the screen.
Analyst	And the invoices, is it pre-printed forms you use?
H.o.	Would pre-printed forms be useful?
Analyst	Well, if you have a coloured logo, it's better to have the forms pre-printed.
H.o.	Yes, I'd like that. And of course I want the invoice to have details of all expenditure so if the guest has a drink at the bar, extra meals at the restaurant, anything of that nature, it's all detailed. I'd also like the system to generate lists of previous guests so I can send them news of special offers.
Analyst	Has the system to print out addressed envelopes?
H.o.	If it could, that would be very useful.
Analyst	Now, who's going to be inputting the information?
H.o.	Right, the main users would be the reception staff. They would be dealing with bookings, largely by phone but some by fax or letter. The accountant, of course, would be using the system to create bills. And, erm… bar and restaurant staff would have to enter sales.
Analyst	Are the staff experienced in using computers or would they need a lot of training?
H.o.	Reception staff are quite experienced, however, our accountant would need some training as she's used to a paper system.
Analyst	What about the bar and restaurant staff?
H.o.	Well, I suppose they would be entering only very restricted information on sales.
Analyst	Hm. What computer hardware do you have at the moment?
H.o.	Er… we've got one PC at reception and one in the office. What would I need?
Analyst	One for the accountant, one in the bar and restaurant. And they would have to be networked.
H.o.	If they're networked together, that doesn't mean that people can get into the accounts, does it?
Analyst	No, it would be password-protected. And the printers?
H.o.	I don't want anything too noisy.
Analyst	Laser printers tend to be quieter. Now, it would be useful to talk to the receptionist to get details of the input for the guest records and to the accountant to find out what she needs.
H.o.	Great, I'll set up meetings for you. What's the next step?
Analyst	I'll come back to you with a plan and we'll check through to make sure it has all the features you want. Then we'll create a program and try it out. We'll have to keep adapting it depending how well it works. And once you're happy with it, we'll put it into service and I'll fix some training for the staff.
H.o.	Thanks very much.

Unit 7 Careers in computing

Task 11 (p. 59).

1. Before I write a program, I have to carry out a feasibility study in the company. The aim is to see whether a new program would be better than the methods they use at present. I have to observe what the users do, speak to them, and make an analysis of their systems. It's very important to speak to the actual users, not just the managers.

2. My job is to persuade customers that it's worth investing in new computer systems or extending the systems they already have. But it's not enough simply to sell the systems. We have to keep in touch after the sale and make sure things are working well, and to provide any backup the client needs. That's the only way to build up trust with a customer and to get new orders. It's a very competitive market.

3. I'm called out if there's a fault on the network. We try to solve the problem by phone at first, but if that doesn't work, we have to go and look for ourselves. It could be anything: the software, the server, even the cable. Sometimes the problem is the user. You have to be good at working out where the problem is.

4. It's my job to try out new components before they're used in our computers. It's not only how well the components work that matters, they also have to meet health and safety requirements. I need to write reports and make recommendations on my findings. If problems arise after the components have been installed, I'm the person who has to find the solution.

5. I have to change the specifications for a system into a logical sequence that can be programmed. The language I choose for coding will depend on various factors such as what type of program it is, and where it's going to be used. A lot of testing has to be done and I use the feedback to decide where improvements can be made.

Unit 8 Famous people in IT

Task 8 (p. 69).

In 2010 we’re gonna take the biggest leap since the original iPhone. So today… today… we’re introducing iPhone 4 – the fourth generation iPhone. This is really hot. And there are… there are well over a hundred new features and we don’t have time to cover all of them today. So I get to cover eight of them with you.

Eight new features of the iPhone4.

The first one – an all new design. Stop me if you’ve already seen this. Believe me, you ain’t seen it. You’ve got to see this thing in person. It is one of the most beautiful designs you’ve ever seen. This is beyond the doubt. The most precise thing; one of those beautiful things we’ve ever made. Glass on the front and the rear and stainless steel running around. And the precision of which this is made is beyond any consumer product we’ve ever seen. It’s closest kin is like a beautiful old Leica camera. It’s unheard of in consumer products today. Just gorgeous! And it’s really thin. This is the new iPhone 4. It’s just 9.3 mm thick that is 24% thinner than the iPhone GS. Again – a quarter thinner in something you didn’t think you get any thinner. As the matter of fact, it is the thinnest Smartphone on the planet.

So let me point out a few the external things on it. Here are the volume controls: volume up, volume down and mute. On the front, we have the front-facing camera, we have the receiver, we have the phone button.

People have asked, what’s this? Somebody has even said, “This doesn’t seem like Apple”. What are these lines in this beautiful stainless steel bend? Well, it turns out there’s not just one of them, there’s three of them. And they are part of the entire structure of this phone. That stainless steel bend that runs around, it’s the primary structure of elements of the phone. And there are these three slits on it. It turns out this is part of some brilliant engineering which actually uses the stainless steel bend as part of the antenna system. And so, one piece is Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and GPS, and the other is UMTS and GSM. So it’s got this integrated antennas right in the structure of the phone. It’s never been done before.

3.5 inches, the same size is the iPhone 3GS, yeah, with 960 x 640 pixels – that’s 4 times more pixels than the iPhone 3GS. 326 pixels per inch and 800/1 contrast ratio which is again 4 times better than the 3GS. We’re using IPS technology. This is a very advanced LCD technology which quite a bit – in our opinion – quite a bit better than the OLED technology for this types of products. And provides much more accurate color and much higher resolution. You can’t make old OLED display with this type of resolution right now.

And so we think that the IPS technology is really quite superior. And it results in incredibly sharp text, images and video.

Учебное издание

ДемиденкоКсения Анатольевна,

ПодгорнаяЕкатерина Артуровна

PROGRAMMING: LANGUAGE SEMANTICS

Учебное пособие с интерактивными заданиями

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