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Part II. Grammar Practice	61

4.Thus there is clearly a need to develop a new management approach in hydrocarbon operations, which will have to be environmentally acceptable, economically profitable, and socially responsible.

5.There is a world market for metals and the trade and uses are comparatively transparent.

6.There exist many different ways to liquify gases.

7.Until now, there has been no suitable alternative to fossil fuel and trends indicate continued dominance by the petroleum industry in the foreseeable future.

8.A yellow product is formed by sublimation; on cooling, it turns red.

9.Liquid mercury is not highly toxic; in earlier times, it was used as a treatment for ileus.

10.The extractive industry in Europe has undergone considerable change over the past decades and in order to remain competitive with its non-European competitors it has undertaken major investments and changes of technology.

11.A bench width of at least 3 metres is recommended; this also provides some protection against rock fall.

12.Theoretically, the accuracy could be improved by increasing the amount of sample, although this would give rise to difficulties with regard to the apparatus.

13.Gas molecules move faster than liquid molecules. They are more agitated than these.

14.Further one can see that industry sees the highest demand in the field of ore deposit characterisation / modeling followed by borehole geophysics.

15.Consequently, one must conclude that a full understanding of the timedependent behaviour of rock must involve knowledge of both weathering and time-dependent failure.

16.There is a wide variety of methods of extraction which one can choose from as the orebodies have shapes and sizes.

17.The industry has often been viewed as an “old” one that it has an independent tradition, that few breakthroughs can be expected from it and that most of the European mines are doomed to close.

18.Most are less than 300 meters high, although a large one can be up to 700 meters high.

19.A fold arching upward is called an anticline and one arching downward is a syncline.

20.In principle fine particles have a greater brightness than coarse ones.

21.Comparisons of older surveys with newer ones show that the tops of some Himalayan peaks are now rising rapidly — perhaps as fast as 1 centimeter per year.

22.Limestone has a different composition from that of shale.

23.The average thickness of lithosphere covered by oceanic crust is 75 kilometers, whereas that of lithosphere covered by a continent is 125 kilometers.

24.It is therefore the responsibility of everyone to adhere strictly to the basic safety precautions provided and to avoid any acts of carelessness that can endanger his life and that of others around him.

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25.The rocks of each province commonly show different radiometric ages from those of adjacent provinces.

26.The most serious risks in any mining project are those associated with geology (the actual size and grade of the mineable portion of the orebody), metallurgy (the amount of the metal which can be recovered) and economics (metal markets, interest rates, transportation costs).

27.Safety in the laboratory must be of vital concern to all those engaged in experimental science work.

28.Although difficult to appreciate, the engineering properties of the geologic medium and the variations of these properties are as important as the properties of the concrete or steel used to construct the tunnel structure.

29.ANFO, pound for pound is as powerful as dynamite and is less expensive per pound and less sensitive to initiation and therefore safer to use.

30.Benitoite can occur in rich blue crystals that are as striking and flawless as the finest sapphires.

31.Mining is as old as civilization itself — as old as the hills, one might say — and with each new use of the Earth’s minerals discovered in this siliconbased technological age, it becomes clearer that mining will always be with us.

32.So what maybe profitable today might not be tomorrow, making mining investment as highly profitable as it is risky.

33.“Because many minerals and resources are commodities that have determinant prices that are established daily by global exchanges, the more efficiently you extract and move them to market, the more profitable your company will be,” said Jackson.

34.The earlier that definitive exploration is made, the greater freedom the owner and designer can have in their selection of alignment and construction methods, and, thus, the greater the potential cost savings.

35.The more modern we get the more we consume, even a computer with a silicon chip runs on a mined mineral, being one of many examples.

36.The greater the concentration of dissolved salts, the lower resistivity of the solution.

37.The heavier the load that is carried in front of the body, the closer it should be to the body.

Part II. Grammar Practice	63

REFERENCES

1.Devold H. Oil And Gas Production Handbook: An Introduction To Oil And Gas Production. — Oslo, 2006.

2.Handbook of Extractive Metallurgy / Edited by Fathi Habashi. — Weinheim; New York: Wiley-VCH, 1997.

3.Mining and Metallurgy | Equipment & Manufacturers | Theories and Methods : [the site]. — URL: www.miningbasics.com

4.Mining Industry Research Handbook. — NESMI Network, 2005. — URL: www.etpsmr.org/contents/pages/publicPages/nesmi/Handbook/Mining%2520 Industry%2520Research%2520Handbook%2520Final%2520Version.pdf

5.ThinkQuest: Library : [the site] / Oracle Education Foundation. — URL: library.thinkquest.org

6.Tikhomirov V. V., Voskresenskaya N. A. Centenary of the birth of V. A. Obruchev, Soviet Geologist, Geographer, Traveller, And Pioneer In Permafrost Research / Translated by Nagy K. — Arctic, Vol. 16, No. 4. — Dec. 1963.

7.Vucinich A. The Russian Academy Of Sciences // Russian History Encyclopedia. URL: http://www.answers.com/topic/russian-academy-of-sciences-1

8.Walle M., Jennings N. Safety & Health In Small-Scale Surface Mines : A Handbook. — Geneva, 2001.

9.Williams, L. P. The Rise Of Modern Science // Encyclopædia Britannica Online : [the site]. — URL: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/528771/ history-of-science/29341/The-20th-century-revolution