Posobie po grammatike

73.		knit	knit / knitted		knit / knitted
74.		know	knew		known
75.		lay	laid		laid
76.		lead	led		led
77.		lean	leaned /		leaned /
			esp BrE leant		esp BrE leant
78.		leap	leapt /		leapt /
			esp AmE leaped /		esp AmE leaped /
			AmE lept		AmE lept
79.		learn	learnt / learned		learnt / learned8
80.		leave9	left		left
81.		lend	lent		lent
82.		let	let		let
83.		lie10	lay		lain
84.		light	esp AmE lit /		esp AmE lit /
			lighted		lighted
85.		lose	lost		lost
86.		make	made		made
87.		mean	meant		meant
88.		meet	met		met
89.		mow	mowed		mown / mowed
90.		pay	paid		paid
91.		prove	proved		proved /
					AmE proven
92.		put	put		put

8Do not confuse it with the adjective learned the ending of which is normally pronounced /Id/ as in a learned professor. Note other adjectives ending in –ed that are not past participles, e.g. an aged parent, a naked man, a wicked witch, a crooked path.

9Do not confuse with live – lived – lived.

10When lie means ‘deliberately to say something untrue’ it is regular: lie – lied – lied.

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93.	quit	quit / quitted	quit / quitted
94.	read	read	read
95.	rid	rid / AmE ridded	rid / AmE ridded
96.	ride	rode	ridden
97.	ring	rang	rung
98.	rise11	rose	risen
99.	run	ran	run
100.	saw	sawed	sawn / sawed
101.	say	said	said
102.	see	saw	seen
103.	seek	sought	sought
104.	sell	sold	sold
105.	send	sent	sent
106.	set	set	set
107.	sew	sewed	sewed / sewn
108.	shake	shook	shaken
109.	shear	sheared	shorn /sheared
110.	shed	shed	shed
111.	shine	shone	shone
112.	shoot	shot	shot
113.	show	showed	shown / showed
114.	shrink	shrank / shrunk	shrunk12
115.	shut	shut	shut
116.	sing	sang	sung
117.	sink	sank	sunk
118.	sit	sat	sat
119.	slay	slew	slain

11Do not confuse with raise – raised – raised.

12Do not confuse it with the adjective shrunken which meaning is ‘having become smaller or been made smaller’.

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120.		sleep	slept		slept
121.		slide	slid		slid
122.		sling	slung		slung
123.		smell	esp BrE smelt /		esp BrE smelt /
			esp AmE smelled		esp AmE smelled
124.		sow	sowed		sown / sowed
125.		speak	spoke		spoken
126.		speed	sped / speeded		sped / speeded
127.		spell	esp BrE spelt /		esp BrE spelt /
			esp AmE spelled		esp AmE spelled
128.		spend	spent		spent
129.		spin	spun / span		spun
130.		spill	esp BrE spilt /		esp BrE spilt /
			esp AmE spilled		esp AmE spilled
131.		spit	spat / AmE spit		spat / AmE spit
132.		split	split		split
133.		spoil	esp AmE spoiled /		esp AmE spoiled /
			spoilt		spoilt
134.		spread	spread		spread
135.		spring	sprang		sprung
136.		stand	stood		stood
137.		steal	stole		stolen
138.		stick	stuck		stuck
139.		sting	stung		stung
140.		stink	stank / stunk		stunk
141.		strike13	struck		struck
142.		strive	strove		striven
143.		swear	swore		sworn

13 Do not confuse with stroke – stroked – stroked.

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144.	sweep	swept	swept
145.	swell	swelled	swollen / swelled
146.	swim	swam	swum
147.	swing	swung	swung
148.	take	took	taken
149.	teach	taught	taught
150.	tear	tore	torn
151.	tell	told	told
152.	think	thought	thought
153.	throw	threw	thrown
154.	thrust	thrust	thrust
155.	tread	trod	trodden
156.	understand	understood	understood
157.	wake	woke /	woken /
		esp AmE waked	esp AmE waked /
			AmE woke
158.	wear	wore	worn
159.	weave	wove / weaved	woven / weaved
160.	wed	wedded / wed	wedded / wed
161.	weep	wept	wept
162.	wet	wet / wetted	wet / wetted
163.	win	won	won
164.	wind	wound	wound
165.	wring	wrung	wrung
166.	write	wrote	written

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APPENDIX IV: KEYS TO SOME EXERCISES

1.TENSES IN THE ACTIVE VOICE

1.1.THE PRESENT SIMPLE

Ex. 7 Use the Present Simple Tense instead of the infinitives in brackets:

1. opens, closes; 2. do banks close; 3. do not use; 4. does your father come, he comes from; 5. do not understand, What does ‘deceive’ mean?; 6. do you do, I am; 7. does not go, has; 8. interfere, Why do you allow, Why don’t you tell, children are always; 9. comes; 10. does not approve; 11. Ted never feels; He is shy, is he not / isn’t he? 12. I never complain, Rita does not complain, but she does.

1.2. THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

Ex. 12 Put the verbs in brackets into the proper tense form:

1. is teaching; 2. Why are you wearing, we are going; 3. I live / I am living, I am looking for; 4. is knocking; 5. are you typing, you are making; 6. is making, he is moving, is; 7. what they are doing, they are playing; 8. what you are saying, the traffic is making; 9. they are waiting for, they are waiting; 10. I am saving; 11. You are getting fat; 12. Why are you putting, I am going; 13. lose, ask / are losing, asking;

14.we are having.

1.3.COMPARISON OF THE PRESENT SIMPLE AND THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

Ex. 13-14: Consult Appendix II

Ex. 15 Put in the verbs in the Present Simple or the Present Progressive.

Alternatives are possible. Pay attention to the stative or dynamic meanings of the verbs. If necessary consult Appendix II for reference.

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1.are you looking 2. is he looking 3. do you look 4. look/are looking 5. grow, look

6.smells 7. am smelling 8. smell 9. smells 10. taste, hate 11. am tasting 12. sound 13. weighs 14. weigh 15. am weighing.

Ex. 16 Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or the Present Progressive. Pay attention to the change of meaning of the verbs.

I. see 2. am seeing 3. try, don't understand 4. am working, don't like 5. hear, sounds 6. feel/am feeling 7. feel 8. think 9. am thinking 10. am thinking

II. have 12. are having 13. having 14. are looking 15. looks 16. look, look

Ex. 17 Put in am/ is/ are/ do/ don’t/ does/ doesn’t + the Verb in the Infinitive or

Participle I:
1.	do you speak	6.	am not listening to
2.	is having	7.	do you come
3.	do not watch	8.	doesn’t usually drive
4.	are you laughing	9.	am working
5.	don’t smoke	10. don’t understand

Ex. 18 Choose the Present Simple or the Present Progressive:

1.	do not eat	6.	is always finding fault
2.	is coming	7.	Do they always shout
3.	doesn’t come	8.	is seeing
4.	stay	9.	think
5.	Does Jack like	10. am thinking

Ex. 19 Underline the correct time expression:

1. in the evening	5. seldom
2. at the moment	6. at the moment
3. now	7. now
4. at the weekend	8. on Fridays
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Ex. 20 Put the words into the correct order:

1.Where do you live?

2.I am not calling her until tomorrow.

3.Where is the photographer standing?

4.The sun does not rise in the west.

5.What does “rise” mean?

6.When is Deborah getting married?

7.Is he going out tonight?

8.My boss does not like me.

9.I am seeing Belinda tomorrow.

10.The plane takes off at 7 a.m. tomorrow.

Ex. 21 Correct errors in the following sentences:

1.My brother works in a bank.

2.He no works at a school. / He does not works at a school.

3.Honestly, he’s being a robber.

4.Listen! He don’t doesn’t care for you.

5.You’re jealous. He’s loving me. He loves me.

6.What does means “jealous” mean?

7.What’s What are you doing?

8.I am a doctor.

9.Are you being good at football?

10.Yes, I’m playing I play football every week.

11.Are Yyou going out tonight?

12.I’m not knowing I don’t know anything.

Ex. 22 Choose the correct answer:

1. c, 2. b, 3. a, 4. a, 5. b, 6. d, 7. c.

Ex. 23 Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or the Present Progressive:

1.	is not come	16.Do you believe, I never believe
2.	does this sign mean	17.… parts does this text consist of?
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3.usually meat

4.is training

5.owns

6.are playing

7.doesn’t usually have

8.buys

9.are not going

10.Does Pierre speak/ he speaks

11.think, are behaving

12.am thinking, do you think, you are doing

13.Is your German getting …

14. see, have

15.understands, makes

18.Do you hear

19.see, are trying

20.is cooking

21.feels

22.am looking, don’t you think

23.am waiting, is choosing, thinks,

is looking 24.does he look 25.Do you believe

26.Who does this house belong to?

27.Do you say, you are not going

28.is Esther thinking about

29.are reaching, come

30.know, you don’t like

Ex. 24 Make questions for each of the answers using the words in brackets:

1.Does she speak Danish?

2.Is she speaking Danish?

3.Where do you stay in Manchester?

4.Where are you staying in Manchester?

5.What time does your plane arrive?

6.What time is your plane arriving?

Ex. 25 Make three conversations using a sentence or phrase from each box:

1.– b) – iii)

A:I see Jane’s not here this morning.

B:No, she’s working in town, but I’m sure she’ll be here later.

2.– a) – i)

A:Has Jane left her job?

B:No, she works in town, but only for a few days.

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3.– a) – ii)

A:Jane’s never here during the day, is she?

B:No, she works in town, but she’s here in the evenings.

Ex. 26 Match the use of the verb work in these sentences with the correct description:

1 – b), 2 – a), 3 – c).

Ex. 27 Find the items from boxes A and B which match the sentences 1, 2 and 3:

1 – c) – ii), 2 – a) – iii), 3 – b) – i.

Ex. 28 Write Present Simple or Present Progressive in the following sentences:

1.Present Simple

2.Present Progressive

3.Present Progressive

Ex. 29 Correct the mistakes:

1.He doesn’t speak English.

2.He is swimming swims every morning.

3.Does you work in a bank?

4.I have am having dinner now.

5.Mark walks to school every day.

6.The sun is rising rises in the east.

7.Susan and Jo lives live in New York.

8.We are needing need some sugar.

9.Steve goes is going fishing tomorrow.

10.Rebecca washes her hair every day.

11.I am visiting visit my grandparents every week.

12.Tim doesn’t wants to do his homework.

13.He sits is sitting on the floor at the moment.

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14.Do always you watch TV in the evenings always?

15.Sarah is drinking drinks coffee every morning.

16.They don’t usually go usually on holiday in May.

17.Does she work late? No, she does not / doesn’t never.

18.Peter looks is looking for a new house at the moment.

Ex. 31 Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or the Present Progressive:

1. do you know; 2. am seeing; 3. see; 4. are having; 5. has; 6. does not fit; 7. smells; 8. is smelling; 9. are you looking; 10. look; 11. think; 12. am just thinking; 13. feels; 14. am feeling; 15. is; 16. is being; 17. love; 18. do not understand; 19. are having; 20. tastes.

Ex. 32 Read the following dialogue between a hotel owner and the receptionist. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or the Present Progressive.

is coming, Do I know, think, is starring, is, is he coming, need, loves, enjoys, is he staying, wants, doesn’t like, is staying

Ex. 35 Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or the Present Progressive:

hope, am writing, am repairing, usually ride, start, finish, have, am working, am, is leaving, worry

1.4. THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

Ex. 39 Change these Present Perfect Simple sentences into the Present Simple sentences with more or less similar meanings (possible answers):

1. My bike is all right now. 2. Is dinner ready? 3.1 don't know her telephone number. 4. She is not in the office. 5. Your vase is in pieces. 6. The headmaster is

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