Posobie po grammatike

Ex. 103 Replace the infinitives in brackets by the Past Simple or the Past Perfect Simple:

1.They (to complete) all the preparations for the ball by 6 o’clock.

2.On leaving hospital the man (to thank) the doctor who (to cure) him of his disease.

3.In the morning all the passengers (to feel) good after the night they (to spend) in the comfortable sleeper.

4.During my last visit to the picture gallery I (to find) that I no longer (to like) the pictures which (to impress) me when I first (to see) them.

5.Last night he (to complete) the experiment which he (to begin) some months before.

6.No sooner she (to open) the drawer than she (to find) the photo which she (to think) she (to lose) long before.

7.They (to be) friends for some ten years before I (to meet) them.

8.I (to refuse) to give a definite answer before I (to receive) a letter from him.

9.Hardly he (to touch) the pillow when he (to fall) asleep.

10.Everybody (to be) already at the bus station, but the guide (not to come) yet.

11.He (to find) the landscape even more beautiful than he (to expect) it to be.

12.She (to read) in his eyes what he (to want) to say before he (to say) it.

1.14. COMPARISON OF THE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE AND PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Ex. 104 Use the Past Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Progressive in the following sentences:

1.Her name was Helen. She (to be) a widow for fifteen years and had no children.

2.We talked about what we (to do) since we left school.

3.We told them that in our absence the garden (to be) looked after by an old man

who (to love) in the area since the war.

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4.Now they were floating in the little green boat upon the perfectly calm sea in which they (to swim) lately.

5.Jack was half an hour late and he asked what we (to eat) because he wanted to order the same.

6.Nick said that he (to write) all day and (not to eat) anything.

7.It was cold and dark in the small room because it (to rain) for five days.

8.I went into the kitchen. Nothing (to be) touched in it since the morning before.

9.He said he (not to write) to me because he (to work) on the new play for some months.

10.It (to freeze) for the last few days, but it (not to snow).

11.I was sure they (to know) each other since the war and now (to correspond) for years.

12.I told him I (to be) in all evening. I (to wait) to talk with him for an hour.

Ex. 105 Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Perfect Simple or the Past Perfect Progressive:

Yesterday was a bad day for Andrew. He 1) ………. (not/sleep) well because there was a terrible storm in the night. After he 2)……….(have) a shower, he made breakfast. After he 3)………..(eat), he got into his car and drove to work. He 4)……….(only/drive) for five minutes when he remembered that he 5) ……….(leave) his briefcase at home. He turned the car around and went home again. Then, he realized that he 6)………….(lock) himself out. The keys were still inside the house. Andrew was already late for work, so he decided to leave the briefcase and go to work. When he arrived, his secretary told him that his boss 7)……….(try) to call him at home. Andrew went to find his boss. When he asked his boss why he 8)……….(call),he told him that it hadn’t been necessary for him to come to work that day after all! Poor Andrew drove all the way home again.

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Ex. 106 Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Perfect Simple or the Past Perfect Progressive:

1. A: Are you all right? You look tired.

B: Yes, I am. I didn’t sleep very well. I 1) ……(just/go) to sleep last night when a lot of noise outside woke me up. I got up and went to the window. I 2) ……(stand) there for a few minutes when two police cars stopped outside my house. I went downstairs and a policeman told me that two prisoners 3) …… (escape) from prison and were hiding in the area.

A: Did they catch them again?

B:Yes, but I didn’t sleep very well after that.

2. A: Did you do anything exciting at the weekend?

B: Not really. By the time I 1) ……. (do) my shopping and cleaned the house, Saturday was nearly over. What about you?

A:Well, I 2) ……. (plan) to go out with my friend but she was late and I 3) ……. (wait) for nearly two hours before she phoned me to say she couldn’t come after all.

B:That’s a shame. Next weekend, we should go somewhere nice together.

Ex. 107 Complete the sentences below with the correct form of the tense in brackets:

1.When their mother arrived home, the children _____ (finish) their homework.

2.The meeting _____ (start) when I arrived at the office.

3.Julie didn’t watch the film because she _____ (see) it before.

4.The mechanic _____ (repair) her car when Mary arrived at the garage.

5.When the dessert arrived, Anne wasn’t hungry; she _____ (eat) too much.

6.It was my first flight. I _____ (never fly) before.

7.The dentist was angry because John _____ (forget) the time of his appointment.

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Ex. 108 Choose the most appropriate endings:

1.	I have visited Paris.		a) three times.
2.	I've been visiting Paris.		b) since I started working.
3.	She's been cleaning the cellar		a) at last.
4.	She has cleaned the cellar		b) all day.
5.	I've been learning		a) English for years but I can't speak it well.
6.	I've learned		b) a few English poems.
7.	I've seen		a) the manager three times a week.
8.	I've been seeing		b) a lot of the manager lately.
9.	He's been painting		a) two landscapes.
10.		He's painted.	b) for some time.
11. He's driven			a) 60 miles.
12.		He's been driving	b) for three hours.
13.		She's driven a car	a) all his life.
14.		She's been driving a car	b) for a few months.
15.		The video has played for two hours		a) so I don't think it will break.
16.		The video has been playing for two hours		b) you should turn it off.

Ex. 109 Replace the infinitives in brackets by the Past Simple or the Past Perfect:

1. Their friends (to call) for them before they (to be) ready.

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2.We (to have) to stay at the station for the night because we (to miss) the last

train.

3.She (to slip) the letter into her pocket when her friend (to enter) the room.

4.He (to finish) his work before you (to come).

5.Our grandfather (to show) us the office when he (to work).

6.After we (to have) supper my sister (to wash up) the dishes.

7.The engineer (to finish) his experiments by the end of the last week.

8.By the first of September all the students (to come) to the city.

9.I (not to want) to go to the cinema as I (to see) this film.

10.It (to be) nine o’clock and we (to come) to her room two hours before, as we (to do) often on those winter evenings.

11.No sooner we (to put down) our glasses than the waiter (to refill) them.

12.Hardly she (to come) home when her friends (to ring) her up.

13.I (to meet) my friend before I (to be) a fortnight in Paris.

14.He could not meet me. He (not to be) well for a few weeks.

15.Paying for what he (not to eat) he (to leave) the café.

16.She (to fall) ill and her friend (to work) for her.

17.The other children who (to grow) with him (to be) still the same.

Ex. 110 Complete the sentences by giving reasons in the Past Simple and the

Past Perfect Simple tense:

e.g. She got soaked to the skin because she left her umbrella at home or because she hadn't heard the weather forecast.

1.Betsy couldn't open the door_________________________________.

2.Her husband came home angry________________________________.

3.Nelly was distressed________________________________________.

4.He didn't come back________________________________________.

5.She didn't phone him_______________________________________.

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6.The burglar got in the house__________________________________.

7.I couldn't give back the camera to my father______________________.

8.I missed the train___________________________________________.

9.My sister caught a cold yesterday ______________________________.

10.She didn't get to the Black Sea ________________________________.

11.I wasn't able to watch the program to the end_____________________.

12.I didn't go to the party_______________________________________.

Ex. 111 Replace the infinitives in brackets by the Past Simple or the Past Perfect:

1.He (to ask) me if I (to have) breakfast.

2.At last she (to show) me the letter he (to write).

3.She (to be) sure that he never (to lie) to her before.

4.He (to know) him for ten years, and they (to play) tennis together in Paris.

5.They (to be married) only a few months when they (to give up) living in London.

6.He (to glance) up and down the beach to see if he (to leave) anything.

7.When she (to enter) the house at dinner-time and (to find) Pete gone she (to know) what (to happen).

8.He (to take) a room at the hotel where Ann and he (to stay) on their first visit to London.

9.He (to feel) that he (to write) a good report.

10.I (to understand) they (to know) each other since the war.

11.Talking to him (to be) very easy; just talking to someone you (to know) all your life.

12.When he (to come back) to his seat his manner (to change). He (to be) gentle and kindly.

13.George (to make) no answer, and we (to find) that he (to be asleep) for some

time.

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14.Hardly he (to enter) the room when he (to switch on) the TV set.

15.Just as we (to leave) the phone (to ring).

Ex. 112 Complete the sentences by giving reasons in the Past Perfect Progressive. Use the prompts on the right.

e.g.	Her eyes were red.	to read
	She had been reading till morning.
1.	He looked exhausted.	to pack
2.	The kids’ lips were black all over.	bilberry
3.	She was worried.	not to write
4.	I saw paint on his arms.	to paint
5.	When he arrived she was annoyed.	to wait for long
6.	In twenty minutes he realized that.	to walk in the wrong direction
7.	The partner left the office tired.	to discuss the terms of payment

8.She was happy to buy

	a new set of furniture.	to save money for...
9.	The kitchen was empty,
	but by the smell it was clear that	to fry fish
10.	The telephone book was open.	to call the police

Ex. 113 Translate into English concentrating on the use of the Past Perfect Progressive:

1.Кот, который сидел на подоконнике, соскочил и улегся в кресло.

2.Наконец-то она сказала «да». Он просил ее выйти замуж за него уже несколько лет.

3.При расследовании пилот сказал, что летает на самолете этого типа уже десять лет.

4.Когда я увидел, в каком беспорядке мои бумаги, стало очевидно, что кто-

то их читал.

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5.По ее мокрому передничку Джулия поняла, что Сью только что поливала цветы.

6.Пэт, которая играла в детской, появилась на пороге с большим медвежонком в руках.

7.Бабушка отложила в сторону свитер, который вязала, и вышла на кухню.

8.Она нашла сережку, когда подметала пол. – Я рада. Она искала ее несколько дней.

9.По запаху в комнате я понял, что здесь кто-то курил.

10.Мне нужен был отдых, потому что я работал слишком много в последнее

время.

1.15. REVISION OF PAST TENSES IN THE ACTIVE VOICE

Ex. 114 Put the verbs in brackets in either the Past Simple or Past Progressive

Tense. Put any other words in the brackets in the correct place. Look at the example provided.

e.g. While the teacher … (explain) the sum on the blackboard, the children … (throw) paper airplanes around the classroom. – While the teacher was explaining the sum on the blackboard, the children were throwing paper airplanes around the classroom.

1.Eve … (live) in Athens when she … (meet) the man who was to become her husband.

2.… you … (not work) at Milroy’s when they … (have) that terrible fire?

3.As it … (get) foggier it … (become) almost impossible to steer the boat along the narrow canal.

4.I … (hear) a strange noise just as I … (go) to sleep.

5.When the fire alarm … (go) off, we … (leave) the building as quickly as

possible.

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6.At the place where we … (live) before, our neighbours … (always/ have) violent arguments late at night.

7.I … (hope) you’d come round for tea one afternoon next week.

8.Fiona … (live) in New York when her first novel was published.

9.On looking out of the window, Dick … (see) it was another dreary day. The wind … (blow) hard and big black clouds … (gather) on the horizon.

10.While the others … (lie) on the beach, poor old Gary … (work) in the office as usual.

11.When the phone … (ring), she … (pick) it up and … (put) it down again!

12.I … (never/ understand) why you … (always/ get) to school late on Monday mornings.

13.Beverly … (work) in a fast-food restaurant for a few months before she … (go) to college.

14.When I … (be) a lad, we … (always/ go) to Heysham for our summer holidays. I … (really/ love) the place even though it … (often/ rain).

Ex. 115 In the following text fill in the spaces with an appropriate form of the

Past Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Progressive, Past Simple or Past Progressive of the verb in brackets. The first one has been done for you.

I (1) had been waiting (wait) for over an hour when Barry finally (2) … (turn up) on the tractor. He (3) … (say) that he (4) … (see) a fallen tree on the road. I (5) … (not find) this hard to believe as a gale force wind (6) … (blow) for the past 5 hours accompanied by torrential rain. The reason why I (7) … (call) Barry was that my car

(8) … (lie) on its side in a ditch. I (9) … (drive) along very slowly in the terrible weather when suddenly a large dog (10) … (appear) in front of me. I (11) … (brake) to avoid hitting it and the car (12) … (skid) out of control on the water and mud on the road and into the ditch. I (13) … (manage) to get out through the window. The problem now was that the car (14) … (fill up) with water and mud! Within seconds Barry, who (15) … wear) enormous rubber boots, (16) … (tie) a rope to the front

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bumper of the car and (17) … (pull) it out with the tractor. After a few minutes the car was the right way up and back on the road again. We (18) … (open) the door and out (19) … (jump) two big frogs who (20) … (swim) in through the open window!

Ex. 116 Translate into English:

1.Вам понравилось путешествие на автобусе?

2.Вчера я смотрел телевизор два часа.

3.Звонок уже прозвенел? – Да. – Когда он прозвенел? – Он прозвенел пять минут назад.

4.Бывало, он навещал нас. (Сейчас он нас не навещает)

5.Бывало, он навещал нас. (Неизвестно, навещает ли он нас сейчас)

6.Она встала, умылась, позавтракала и поехала на работу.

7.Он был в Киеве позавчера и навестил своих родителей.

8.Он ломал ногу в детстве.

9.Я написала письмо своему американскому другу.

10.Вильям Шекспир написал около 30 пьес.

11.В прошлом месяце он выступал с докладом на конференции.

12.Вчера я вернулся с концерта очень поздно.

13.Вчера в 10 часов вечера Я возвращался домой после концерта.

14.Он наблюдал за детьми, которые купались в море и играли на песке.

15.Не входите в аудиторию 317, пожалуйста! Учителя обсуждают план работы.

16.Я писала сочинение, когда пришел мой друг.

17.Он мыл посуду, пока его сестра смотрела телевизор.

18.Он очень нервничал в тот момент.

19.Вчера шел дождь целый день.

20.Он мечтал, когда учитель неожиданно вызвал его к доске.

21.Моя мама приготовила обед к двум часам.

22.Он жил в Петербурге, прежде чем переехал в Москву.

23.Он сломал ногу и не мог принять участие в соревновании.

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