Peyton Ondeo-Nalco Fuel Field Manual

404
Index terms		Links
Sulfur (Continued)
in copper corrosion	159	216
in crude oil	32	37
in diesel fuel	57	60	64
effect in fuel	116
effect on copper corrosion	116
effect on fuel lubricity	117
effect on fuel stability	117
formation reactions	119
in gasoline	44
in jet fuel	51
in lubricating oil	109
in marine fuel	64
in residual fuel	70
reaction with steel	222
reduction by hydroprocessing	17
Sulfur and nitrogen, in asphaltenes	35
Sulfur and SOx	70
Sulfuric acid:
as an alkylation catalyst	23
carryover	73
initiated corrosion	209	216
role in deposit formation	117
stainless steel resistance to	222
from sulfur trioxide	70
from Thiobacillus	106
treating of fuel	28
Sweetening processes, in fuel refining	27
Synergistic effect, of antioxidants	137
Synthesis gas	273	287
Synthetic fuels	271	295

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405

Index terms		Links
T
T Fuel, cetane number	101
T Fuel and U Fuel, low temperature storage	101
Tensile stress	157
Terne	237
Tertiary-alkyl primary amines	142
Tetraethyl lead	49	53 120
Tetralin	34
Thermal conversion of biomass	283
Thermal cracking	9	26
Thiobacillus thiooxidans	106
Thiols or mercaptans, in crude oil	37
Thiophenes, in crude oil	37
Tin, engine parts containing	109
TM-01-72-93	182
Total organic carbon (TOC)	72
Total organic halide (TOX)	72
Town gas	272
Transesterification	286
Transfer lines and hoses	236
Types of SAE and AISI steel	220
U
U Fuel, cetane number	101
Ultra-low sulfur diesel	54
UN number	242
Uniform corrosion	156
Unwashed gum	162	176
Uses for steel	219

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406
Index terms		Links
V
Vacuum distillation	6
Vacuum gas oils	7	54	94 140
Vanadium:
in crude oil	31	38
enhanced corrosion	69
in residual fuel	69
Vane pump	232
Vapor pressure, of gasoline components	43
Vaporizing pot burner	66
Varnish	103	108
Vehicle fuel tanks	237
Vinyl acetate-fumarate copolymers	149
Visbreaking	10
Viscosity:
effect on diesel fuel combustion	59
of residual fuel oils	67
Viscosity limits for fuel oils	112
Viton	230
Volatility:
of aviation gasoline	48
effect of low volatility fuel	94
effect on knock in gasoline engine	135
of gasoline	43
Volumetric fuel consumption, effect of fuel density	122
VV-F-800	58	160
W
Waring blender test	186
Washed gum	176
Water:
contamination, as a cause of rusting	209

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			407
Index terms		Links
Water (Continued)
electrical conductivity	72
emulsification of detergents	74
haze removal	28	144
as a source of fuel problems	73
solvent properties	71
Water and contaminants, sources	143
Water and particulate removal, in fuel refining	28
Water and sediment, in residual fuel	70
Water in fuel systems, typical problems	73
Water reaction:
of aviation fuels	184
of aviation gasoline	50
Water separability of petroleum oils and synthetic
fluids	185
Water separation index, modified	169	186	214
Water soluble and fuel soluble biocides	147
Water washing	26	152	209 216
Wax:
classifications	85
in crude oil	33
crystal modifiers	91	149	171
crystal lattice	91	203
deposition	263
description of petroleum wax	85
filtration problems	90
in fuel	87	121
precipitation	82
problems	127	201
in residual fuel	68	94
test methods measuring the effect of	188

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408
Index terms		Links
Wax crystal modifiers:
description	91	149
detection in fuel	93
minimized performance	204
problems in using	171
proper application	92
in residual fuel	194
Wear metals and other contaminants from lubricant
systems	109
Welding	157
Wet gas	7
White smoke	82
Wick vaporizing burner	66
Williams Brothers pipeline stability test for distillate
fuel	180
Winter grade diesel fuel oil	58
WSIM (see Water separation index, modified)
Wobbe index	296
Wood alcohol	284	287
Wood pyrolysis	284	288
Y
Yield stress	150
Z
Zytel	230

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