Task 1. Read and translate the following text

DIRECTORS AND MANAGERS

As a rule a private company has only one director. A public company must have at least two directors. Usually there is no upper limit on the number of directors a public company may have. The company's note-paper must list either all or none of the names of its directors. A limited liability company or a corporation is headed by the board of directors elected by shareholders. The directors appoint one of their number to the position of managing director to be in charge of the day-to-day running of the company. In large organizations managing director is often assisted by a general manager. Some companies also have assistant general managers. Many directors have deputies who are named deputy directors. Directors need not be shareholders. They are responsible for the management of a company's affairs. They are not subject to any residence or nationality restrictions. Big companies have many managers heading departments. They are all responsible to the managing director. Among varions departmental managers the following can be mentioned:

• sales manager

• personnel manager

• chief manager

• district manager

• sales and marketing manager

• industrial engineering manager

etc.

Here is a business card of a businessman:

Racal Acoustics Limited

Colin Taylor

Sales and Marketing Manager

11, Hailsham Drive, Harrow, tel: [phone]

Middlesex HA 1, England telex: 92662 fax: [phone]

Task 2. Learn the following words.

1. private частный

2. public публичный

3. upper верхний

upperlimitверхний предел

4. tolistвносить в список

5. to head возглавлять

6. board совет

board of directors совет директоров

7. to elect выбирать

8. to appoint назначать

9. to be in charge of smth. заведовать чем-либо, отвечать за что-либо

10. to run the company управлять компанией

11. to assist помогать

12. assistant помощник

assistant manager помощник управляющего

13. deputyзаместитель

deputydirectorзаместитель директора

deputyministerзаместитель министра

14. affairsдела

15. to be subject to smth. подпадать под действие чего-либо

16. restrictionограничение

17. responsible ответственный

to be responsible to smb. быть ответственным перед

forsmth. кем-либо за что-либо

18. tosell(sold,sold) продавать

saleпродажа

sellerпродавец

19. personnelперсонал

20. tobuy(bought,bought) покупать

buyerпокупатель

21. businesscardвизитная карточка

syn.: card

22. drive проезд

Task 3. Find the answers to the following questions in the text:

1. How many directors can a private company have? And what about a public company?

2. Who heads a limited liability company?

3. How is managing director appointed? What are his duties?

4. Who is general manager?

5. What is assistant general manager?

6. What is deputy manager?

7. What is the status of a director?

8. What do managers usually head?

9. What managers are there in companies?

10. Whose business card was quoted? What information did it give?

Task 4. Translate into Russian:

1. The company's note-paper must list either all or none of the names of its directors. 2. Directors need not be shareholders.

3. They are responsible for the management of a com­pany's affairs.

4. They are not subject to any residence or nationality restrictions.

Task 5. Sum up what the text says about:

directors of private companies

directors of public companies

directors of limited liability companies, their

assistants and deputies

managers

the business card of Mr. Taylor.

Task 6. Read and translate the following text.

SECRETARIES

There are two types of secretaries: company secretaries and private secretaries of executives. Every company, both in Great Britain and the United States, is required, under the law, to have a company secretary. In the case of private companies the directors are free to appoint any suitable person for this position. But in the case of public companies the company secretary must be a properly qualified person, a member of a recognised institute or association. He or she may be one of the directors of the company. But if the company has only one director, the director cannot also be the secretary. The company secretary is the chief administrative officer of the company. He or she is normally responsible for the company, to comply with company law. The correspondence of the company secretary is particularly concerned with shareholders' meetings, board meetings and various forms that must be sent outside. The company secretary may also deal with enquiries for information concerning other firms, although the accounts department often handles these matters. Administrative questions come into the sphere of the company secretary, under instructions of the board of directors. As to private secretaries of executives they are practically per­sonal assistants of executives. A secretary answers telephone calls, receives messages and makes telephone calls on the instruction of her boss. A secretary also helps in organization of meetings and con­ferences, entertainments of visiting customers, suppliers and other associates of the firm. She also deals with all the correspondence of her boss. Secretaries write letters on making appointments or travel arrangements, letters of introduction, congratulation or con­dolence, invitations and replies to invitations. Secretaries use various office equipment, like microcomputers, fax machines, photocopying machines and others.

Task 7. Learn the following words.

1. executiveруководитель

executiveисполнительный

2. torequireтребовать

3. tosuitустраивать

suitableподходящий

4. toqualifyквалифицировать

qualifiedквалифицированный

properlyqualifiedдолжным образом ква­лифицированный

5. member член

member of an institute член института

(organisation,parliament, (организации, парла-

government) мента, правительства)

6. torecogniseпризнавать

recognisedпризнанный

7. officerслужащий, должностное лицо

8. tocomplywithsmth. соответствовать чему-либо

9. tobeconcernedбыть связанным с чем-либо

with smth.

10. to deal with (in) smth. ведать чем-либо

11. enquiryзапрос

12. accountsсчетоводство, отчет­ность

13. tohandleиметь дело

tohandlethematterзаниматься данным вопросом

14. sphereсфера (деятельности)

tocomeintotheподпадать в сферу

sphereofsmb. деятельности кого-либо

15. messageсообщение

toreceive(take) а принять сообщение

message

16. to entertain развлекать

entertainment развлечение

17. customerклиент, покупатель

18. tosuppyпоставлять

supplierпоставщик

19. associateпартнер, компаньон

20. toappointназначать

appointment встреча

to make an appointment назначать встречу

21. toarrangeустраивать

arrangementсоглашение, догово­ренность

travelarrangementдоговоренность о путе­шествии

22. tocongratulateпоздравлять

congratulationпоздравление

aletterofпоздравительное письмо

congratulation

23. condolenceсоболезнование

24. toinviteприглашать

invitationприглашение

25. to reply отвечать

reply ответ

in reply to smth. в ответ на что-либо

26. variousразличный

27. equipment оборудование

Task 8. Complete the following sentences as in the text:

1. There are two types of secretaries...

2. Every company, both in Great Britain and the United States...

3. In the case of private companies...

4. But in the case of public companies...

5. But if the company has only one director...

6. The company secretary is the chief...

7. The correspondence of the company secretary is particularly concerned with...

8. The company secretary may also deal with enquiries...

9. As to private secretaries of executives...

10. A secretary answers...

11. A secretary also helps in organization...

12. She also deals with all the correspondence...

13. Secretaries write letters...

14. Secretaries use various office equipment, like...

Task 9. Translate into Russian:

1. He or she is normally responsible for the company, to comply with company law.

2. He is particularly concerned with various forms that must be sent outside.

3. Although the accounts department often handles these matters.

4. Administrative questions come into the sphere of the company secretary, under instructions of the board of directors.

5. As to private secretaries of executives they are prac­tically personal assistants of executives.

6. A secretary answers telephone calls, receives messages and makes telephone calls on the instruction of her boss.

7. Secretaries write letters on making appointments or travel arrangements, letters of introduction, congratu­lation or condolence, invitations and replies to invita­tions.

8. Secretaries use various office equipment, like micro­computers, fax machines, photocopying machines and others.

Task 10. Sum up what the text says about:

company secretaries

private secretaries

Task 11.

1. Say what you know about the work of secretaries in Russia.

2. Say what you like and what you dislike in the work of secretaries in Russia.

3. Say how much they are paid monthly now, as far as you know.

Task 12. Read and translate the following text.

CODE OF CONDUCT

The most important rule for a businessman is to keep his word and to be honest. Besides, punctuality is very important, for business and social appointments. The businessman should observe various rules. There are rules for example for greeting people. The most common greetings are: Good morning, Good afternoon. Good evening. The less formal greetings are: Hello, Hi. There are also various levels and types of saying Good-bye when parting. The most common ways are: Good-bye, Bye-bye, Bye now and Bye. If the people part after their first meeting they can add something like this:

• It has been nice seeing you.

• I hope to see you again soon.

There are different levels of introductions. For example:

• May I introduce Mr. Brown (the most formal way).

• I'd like you to meet Mr. Brown (the less formal way).

• This is Mr. Brown (the least formal way).

If you are introducing a person or yourself you should say a few words about the person, for example:

Mr. Smith, I would like you to meet Mr. Brown. He is doing business in chemicals. He is Vice President of British Chemicals Ltd. His office is not far from yours, in London.

When two persons are introduced they exchange the following:

— How do you do. — How do you do.

They can also add a phrase like this:

• I'm glad to meet you.

• I'm pleased to meet you.

• It's nice to meet you.

When yoa are introduced listen carefully to each name and use it later in your conversation. This will help you to remember the name. If you forget a person's name or did not hear the name do not hesitate to say: I am sorry I have forgotten your name or I am sorry I did not hear your name. In many English speaking countries handshaking is a social courtesy whenever people meet or are introduced. When men meet or are introduced they generally shake hands. Women shake hands less frequently. Kissing is prevalent at parties when people meet. Sometimes people are to introduce others to audience on some formal occasions. For example:

Ladies and gentlemen! It is a privilege for me to introduce Mr. Watts. Mr. Watts is a recognized authority in the management field. He is a member of the advisory committee for the labour and management program. Mr. Watts' topic tonight is: How to organize an effective business programme. Mr. Watts.

Task 13. Learn the following words.

1. code кодекс

2. conduct поведение

code of conduct кодекс поведения

3. honest честный

4. to observe соблюдать

to observe a rule соблюдать правило

5. togreetприветствовать

greetingcardпоздравительная карточка

6. levelуровень

7. topartрасставаться

8. tointroduceпредставить

to introduce smb. to smb. представить кого-либо кому-либо

introductionпредставление

9. chemicals химические продукты

10. toexchangeобменивать (ся)

11. toaddдобавить

12. conversationразговор

13. tohesitateколебаться, стесняться

Please do not Пожалуйста, звоните

hesitate to phone me. мне.

14. to shake трясти

to shake hands пожать друг другу руку

handshaking рукопожатие

15. courtesy вежливость

social courtesy правила вежливости, этикет

16. frequently часто

less frequently менее часто

morefrequentlyболее часто

17. prevalentпреобладающий, превалирующий,

toprevailпреобладать

18. partyприем гостей, званый вечер

atpartiesна приемах

19. audienceпублика, слушатели, зри­тели

20. torecognizeпризнавать

recognizedauthorityпризнанный авторитет

21. fieldобласть

managementfieldв области управления

22. toadviseсоветовать

adviceсовет

advisoryсовещательный

advisorycommitteeсовещательный комитет

23. labour труд

syn. work

24. topic тема

Task 14. Complete the following sentences as in the text:

1. The most important rule...

2. Besides, punctuality...

3. There are rules, for example, for greeting...

4. There are also various levels and types of...

5. There are different levels of...

6. When you are introduced listen...

7. This will help you to remember...

8. If you forget...

9. In many English speaking countries handshaking...

10. When men meet or are inroduced...

11. Women shake hands...

12. Sometimes people are to introduce others to...

Task 15.

1. Write out the following words with which people:

greet each other

say Good-bye

introduce other people

2. Write out the words which people:

exchange when they are introduced

say if they forget the name of the person to whom they

have been just introduced

3. Write out the words with which Mr. Watts was intro­duced to the audience.

Task 16. Act out a few scenes:

1. You are introduced to Mr. Watts.

2. You are introducing Mr. Watts to somebody.

3. You are meeting Mr. Watts in the afternoon.

4. You are parting with Mr. Watts.

Task 17. Sum up what the text says about handshaking.

Task 18. Say what you know about handshaking here, in our country.