Текст 2. Production management
Management by definition, is a function of planning, organizing, co-ordinating, directing and controlling. Any managerial system, at any managerial level, is characterised in terms of these general functions.
Management is revealed in a variety of specific activities.
Production management also called OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT, is the planning and control of industrial production processes to ensure that they move smoothly at the required level. Techniques of production management are employed in service industries as well as in manufacturing industries.
The
responsibilities of production management are called the “five
M’s”: men, machines, methods, materials and money. The management
of men, machines and methods involves maintaining a flexible
production process with a work force that can readily adapt to new
equipment and schedules. Responsibilities for materials include the
management of both physical (raw) materials and information materials
(paperwork). Money management, including such areas as inventory,
plant capacity, and customer service, is a major responsibility and
can determine the competitiveness, of an entire operation. The
production cycle
requires
that various departments interact. Sales, financial, engineering, and
planning departments exchange information -such
as sales forecasts, production schedules, inventory levels, and
budgets
- until, finally, detailed production orders are dispatched by
the production-control division.
Control is a chief function of production management. The manager must ensure that operations produce at planned output levels while meeting cost and quality objectives. The production plan must be monitored regularly, and adjustments must be made to meet fluctuating market demands.
Inventory control oversees raw materials, component parts, work in process, finished goods, packing and packaging materials, and general supplies and determines when to replenish inventory and by what amount. The control of labor involves using industrial-engineering tools, such as time-study measurements, to design efficient work methods. Workers must be hired, trained and assigned in synchronization with changing production processes and schedules.
Активная лексика:
to produce, producer, production, industry, industrial, level, service industries, to manufacture, manufacturing industries, responsibility, flexible, work force, to adapt to, inventory, capacity, customer, to exchange, forecast, schedule, to ensure, cost, quality, to fluctuate.
Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:
управление производством, планирование и контроль производственных процессов, необходимый уровень, уровень промышленного производства; отрасли, гибкий производственный процесс, рабочая сила, приспособиться к новому оборудованию, мощность предприятия, обслуживание покупателя, обмениваться информацией, прогнозирование сбыта, управление запасами, колеблющийся рыночный спрос, готовая продукция.
Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:
What is management?
What is production management?
What is the aim of production management?
How are the responsibilities of production management called? Why are they called so?
What is meant by material management?
What can you say about money management?
What determines the competitiveness of an entire operation?
What do various departments exchange information for?
What is a chief function of production management?
What is the role of control manager?
What does inventory control oversee?
________________