Economy of Russia

Russia is a country in northern Eurasia. Russia is the largest country in the world in terms of area. It has more than 6.6 million square miles.

Russia shares its borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China and North Korea. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation in the world with more than 142 million inhabitants. It spans 11 time zones and enjoys a varied climate.

The Russian economy has undergone massive changes since the fall of the Soviet Empire. Economic reforms in the 1990s privatized most industries, and some energy and defense related sectors. The Russian economy has averaged 7% growth since the 1998 crisis, resulting in the emergence of its middle class.

The global economic crisis hit Russia hard. It caused a crisis in its stock market. By late 2009, however, the Russian economy had begun a recovery. The government provided anti-crisis policies. Russia’s leaders go on promoting innovation as key to economic modernization.

Упражнение 10. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What is the territory of Russia?

2. What countries does Russia border with?

3. What is the population of Russia?

4. How many time zones do we have?

5. What is a key to economic modernization in Russia?

Вариант 2

Упражнение 1. Сопоставьте термины и их значение.

subsidy	a) инфляция
cash	b) цена
salary	c) наличные
inflation	d) предприятие
price	e) налог
rate	f) заработная плата
enterprise	g) потребитель
consumer	h) бюджет
tax	i) курс
budget	j) субсидия

Упражнение 2. Распределите слова, используемые в деловой сфере общения по трем группам.

Существительные	Глаголы	Прилагательные

Success, reduce, achievement, product, consume, wages, important, spend, competitive, revenue, account, available, productivity, determine, advantage.

Упражнение 3. Переведите следующие словосочетания с английского языка на русский.

1. national budget –

2. economic activity –

3. industrial enterprises –

4. necessary goods –

5. economical situation –

6. private enterprises –

7. important data –

8. reduce price –

9. natural resources –

10. rapid growth –

Упражнение 4. Переведите предложения. Подчеркните сказуемое.

1. I work about the development of new supermarkets.

2. I deal at a lot of different organizations in my work.

3. My sister gets a basic salary, plus commission: a percentage on everything I sell.

4. They can get not only salary but also extra money – a bonus.

5. Money and other benefits that an employee receives is compensation.

Упражнение 5. Вставьте по смыслу слова в предложения.

head

companies

level

employees

recruitment

1. The marketing director is the … of marketing.

2. A human resources department (HRD) deals with … .

3. Non-executive directors are outsiders, often directors of other … .

4. An executive is usually a manager at quite a high … .

5. The people who work for a company are its … , personnel, staff, workers or workforce.

Упражнение 6. Выберите необходимую форму глагола.

1. He usually … (contact, contacts, is contacting) newspapers to advertise new jobs.

2. I … (deal, deals, am dealing) with complaints from customers.

3. He … (am, is, are) a Marketing Director.

4. They … (meets, meet, are meeting) with advertising agency.

5. Some companies … (have, has, is) a chief operating officer to take care of the day-to-day running of the company.

Упражнение 7. О каком термине идет речь в определении.

1. the selling of goods by post –

a) TV shop b) mail order c) internet shop

2. local office or bureau of a bank –

a) branch b) department c) room

3. plastic card from a bank authorising the purchasing of goods on credit

a) identity card b) account c) credit card

4. a piece of paper money –

a) banknote b) coin c) bill

5. to put money for profit into business –

a) to consume b) to put c) to invest

Упражнение 8. Переведите письменно деловое письмо, укажите его тип (1). Вставьте пропущенные слова в текст ответа на деловое письмо (2).

1 Dear Dr Perry,

I have the pleasure of extending you an invitation on behalf of the Russian delegation to a Reception to be held in Hotel Ritz at seven o’clock on Friday, the tenth of March, 2000.

An early reply from you would be appreciated.

Yours Truly,

Roman S. Teterev

2

invitation

previous

regret

date

seven

Dear Prof. Teterev,

I very much ________ that I am unable to accept your kind ________ to a Reception to be held in Hotel Ritz at _________ o’clock on Friday, the tenth of March, 2000, as I have already accepted a _________ invitation for that ________ and time.

Yours Truly,

Simon Perry

Упражнение 9. Прочитайте и переведите письменно текст.