Economy of the usa

The United States of America was formed on the 4lh of July, 1776. The United Stales of America is a federal republic. The capital of the USA is Washington. The United States of America has 50 states which are joined together by a Federal Government.

The USA is situated in the central part of North America. The area of the USA is more than 9 million square kilometers, the population is more than 280 million. The USA borders on Canada in the North and on Mexico in the South.

The USA is rich in minerals including oil and coal. There are also large

deposits of iron ore and non-ferrous metals. The United States in the early 1990s produced about 25 per cent of the world's output.

U.S. productivity and standard of living remain one of the highest in the industrial world. The leading industries of the USA are the coal, chemical, space, military industries; various machines and equipment of a high quality produced here.

The USA has an advanced agriculture. The main crops are wheat, citric plants, tobacco, maize, soy-beans.

Упражнение 10. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. When was the USA formed?

2. What countries does the country border with?

3. What natural resources is the USA rich in?

4. What industries are the most successful in the USA?

5. What cereal do the farmers grow?

Вариант 3

Упражнение 1. Сопоставьте термины и их значение.

income	a) производитель
loan	b) спрос
finance	c) доход
buyer	d) экономика
producer	e) прибыль
demand	f) торговля
economy	g) финансы
benefits	h) акционер
trade	i) заем
stockholder	j) покупатель

Упражнение 2. Распределите слова, используемые в деловой сфере общения по трем группам.

Существительные	Глаголы	Прилагательные

Successful, launch, manager, own, seller, corporation, plentiful, manufacture, create, stock, branch, deposit, bank, considerable, commerce.

Упражнение 3. Переведите следующие словосочетания с английского языка на русский.

1. income tax –

2. economic growth –

3. financial problems –

4. service industries –

5. potential customer –

6. distribution office –

7. private investors –

8. commercial director –

9. direct taxes –

10. export trade –

Упражнение 4. Переведите предложения. Подчеркните сказуемое.

1. David Smith started his company 2 years ago.

2. Some entrepreneurs may leave the companies they found.

3. My firm sells goods for sports and travelling.

4. Successful businesspeople, especially heads of large organizations, are business leaders.

5. A businessman is someone who works in their own business or as a manager in an organization.

Упражнение 5. Вставьте по смыслу слова в предложения.

enterprise

vary

selling

entrepreneur

large

1. Business is the activity of producing, buying and … goods and services.

2. A company may be called an … .

3. An … is someone who starts or founds or establishes their own company.

4. A … company, especially in the US, is a corporation.

5. Businesses … in size, from the self-employed person, through the small or medium enterprise to the large multinational.

Упражнение 6. Выберите необходимую форму глагола.

1. He always… (create, creates, created) corporate logos.

2. They … (am, is, are) senior managers in our bank.

3. The economy … (grows, grow, is growing) and corporate headquarters are rising now.

4. I … (were, am, are) the managing director and main shareholder of a small electronics company in Scotland.

5. In 1970s Britain, there … (was, were, are) state-owned or government-owned companies.

Упражнение 7. О каком термине идет речь в определении.

1. the wrapping or container for a product –

a) paper; b) box; c) packaging.

2. firm supporting an organization in return for advertising space –

a) sponsor; b) businessman; c) corporation.

3. money owed by one person to another –

a) currency; b) debt; c) coins.

4. to introduce a new product with publicity –

a) to launch; b) to produce; c) to present.

5. something made to be sold –

a) deposit; b) credit; c) product.

Упражнение 8. Переведите письменно деловое письмо, укажите его тип (1). Вставьте пропущенные слова в текст ответа на деловое письмо (2).

1. Dear Dr Simon,

I have the honour and pleasure of extending to you an invitation to participate in the work of Congress and to give a lecture at the Plenary Session covering your area of research.

An early reply to this letter would be appreciated.

Sincerely Yours,

F.N. Pavlov, Professor

Chairman of the Organizing Committee

2.

work

problems

appreciate

invitation

decline

Dear Prof. Pavlov,

I … your invitation to participate in the … of Congress and to give a lecture covering … of my scientific research. I am very sorry but I must … it. Sadly, I must leave to Mexico to continuo my investigation.

Thank you for… . We hope to be seeing you soon.

Sincerely Yours,

Dr Simon

Упражнение 9. Прочитайте и переведите письменно текст.