Angliyska_mova_Zoshit_1_kurs_002

Більшість дієслів у третій особі однини мають закінчення –s.

Закінчення -еs додається у таких випадках:

а) якщо основа дієслова закінчується на –s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -tch, -x: to dress одягатися — dresses

to wash умиватися — washes to teach навчати — teaches

б) якщо основа дієслова закінчується на -у з попередньою приголосною; при цьому перед - еs буква у змінюється на і;

to study вивчати -studies to cry кричати — cries

Але: Якщо перед у стоїть голосна, то до дієслова додається лише закінчення -s: To play грати —plays

To stay залишатися — stays

в) якщо основа дієслова закінчується на -о: tо gо іти — gоеs

tо do робити — does

Дієслово to be

I	am	We
He		You are
She	is	They
It

Аге уоu a doctor? Ви лікар?

Is your wife at home? Ваша дружина вдома?

У заперечній формі після дієслова to be ставиться частка not:

She is not my friend	Вона не моя подруга
You are not happy	Ви нещасливі

Вживання Present Indefinite

1.Present Indefinite

He comes here at six o’clock	Він приходить сюди о шостій годині.
She goes to school	Вона ходить до школи.
He plays the violin and sings	Він грає на скрипці і співає.
2. Present Indefinite

You shoot very well Ви стріляєте дуже добре.

He speaks both French and English fluently.

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Він вільно розмовляє як французькою, так і англійською мовами 3. Present Indefinite

Sugar dissolves in water Цукор розчиняється у воді. Соррег conducts electricity better than other metals.

Мідь проводить електрику краще, ніж інші метали.

Питальна форма Present Indefinite утворюється з допоміжного дієслова to do в Present Indefinite та інфінітива основного дієслова без частки tо. Допоміжне дієслово ставиться перед підметом:

Do I work? Does he work? Do we work?

Do you live here in the city? Ви живете тут у місті? What does she say? Що вона каже?

Заперечна форма Present Indefinite утворюється з допоміжного дієслова to do в Present Indefinite, заперечної частки nоt та інфінітива основного дієслова без частки to.

I do not work He doesn’t work

Activity 1. Insert the verb to be in Present Simple.

1.What __________ your name? — My name __________ Shirley Frank.

2.What __________ your address? — My address ________ 175 Grand Central Parkway.

3.Where __________ you from? — I __________ from New York.

4.My father __________ not a teacher, he __________ a scientist.

5.__________ your aunt a doctor? — Yes, she __________

6.__________ they at home? — No, they __________ not at home, they at work.

7.Where __________ you? — I __________ in the kitchen.

8.Where __________ Fred? — He __________ in the garage.

9.__________ you busy? — No, I __________ not. Mike __________ busy.

10.It __________ ten o'clock. She __________ late again.

11.How ________ you?— I________ not very well today. — I ________ sorry to hear that.

12.Used cars __________ cheaper but less reliable than new cars.

13.What __________ the weather forecast for tomorrow?

Activity 2. Open the brackets using verbs in Present Simple.

1. My working day (to begin) ___________at seven o'clock. I (to get) up______________, (to switch) _______________on the radio and (to do) ________________my morning exercises. It (to take) ____________me fifteen minutes. At half past seven we (to have)

___________breakfast. My father and I (to leave) ___________home at eight o'clock. He (to take)

___________a bus to his factory. My mother (to be) _______a doctor, she (to leave) ________

home at nine o'clock. In the evening we (to gather) ___________in the living room. We (to watch)

__________TV and (to talk)____________. (USUALLY) 2. My sister (to get) up at eight o'clock.

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3.She (to be) a schoolgirl. She (to go) to school in the afternoon.

4.Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day.

5.For breakfast she (to have) two eggs, a sandwich and a cup of tea.

6.After breakfast she (to go) to school.

7.It (to take) him two hours to do his homework.

8.She (to speak) French well.

Activity 3. Translate into English, using verbs in Present Simple.

1.Де ти живеш? — Я живу в Москві.

2.Коли в тебе канікули? — У січні.

3.Мій брат працює в лікарні. Він лікар. Він працює вранці і вдень. Увечері він не працює. Увечері він відпочиває.

4.Твоя сестра говорить французькою мовою? — Ні. Вона говорить німецькою мовою, а її чоловік говорить англійською мовою.

5.Коли ви встаєте? — Я встаю о пів на сьому.

6.Коли встає твій брат? — Він встає о пів на восьму . Мій брат ходить у школу, а моя сестра не ходить у школу. Вона ще не учениця. Вона встає о дев'ятій годині.

READING

VOCABULARY Practise the following words and word combinations. to deny — заперечувати

relations — відносини embassy — посольство plant — завод

to recognize – признавати

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Activity 4. Read and translate the text.

Relations between Ukraine and English-speaking Countries

There is no denying the fact that not so long ago Ukraine had very weak connections with other countries in the world. But at present the situation has changed for the better. As now Ukraine is a sovereign state it establishes new relations with the countries throughout the world.

Ukraine is one of the members of the United Nations Organization and participates in the work of many international organizations. We have wide relations with Canada, the USA and Great Britain in policy, economics and culture. Foreign Embassies of these countries work in Kyiv.

We have some joint political projects with the United States of America and Canada. A lot of joint ventures have appeared in Ukraine recently. Such big plants of ours as Cherkasy joint-stock company "Azof", Gorlivka chemical plant "Stirol", Kharkiv aircraft plant sell their products at the international market.

Scientific cooperation is also very important. We have joint projects for space exploration with the USA and Canada.

Cooperation in culture, education and sport is very important, too. We exchange students and teachers with these countries. The Ukrainian orchestras, pop and opera singers, ballet dancers are warmly received abroad.

A lot of tourists from English-speaking countries visit Ukraine every year.

It's very important to mention that many people who are Ukrainians by origin live in Canada. So we have particular relations with this country. Canada was the first among the western states that recognized the state independence of Ukraine. Many of the Ukrainians living now in Canada and other English-speaking countries don't lose connections with Ukraine. A lot of public organizations, educational establishments, religious organizations make considerable contribution to the development of our culture, literature and art.

1.What countries does Ukraine have relations with?

2.What program do we have with the countries abroad?

3.Where do Ukrainians by origin live?

4.What can you say about the cooperation in culture?

Home task:

Заняття 8.

Тема Теперішній простий час. Я - представник української молоді

Activity 1. Open the brackets using verbs in Present Simple.

1.He (to work) in the centre of Chicago.

2.He (to work) in the centre of Chicago?

3.They (to read) many books.

4.They (not to read) many books.

5.When you (to play) volleyball?

6.He (to go) to the cinema in the evening?

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7.We (not to dance) every day.

8.Kate (to sing) well?

9.My granny (to sleep) after dinner.

10.Where John (to live)? — He (to live) in England.

Activity 2. Open the brackets using verbs in Present Simple.

1.Tom (to play) football on Saturday.

2.He (not to play) football every day.

3.My friend (not to like) to play football.

4.We (not to go) to the country in winter.

5.My sister (to eat) sweets every day.

6.They (to do) their homework in the afternoon.

7.They (not to go) for a walk in the evening.

8.My father (not to work) on Sunday.

9.He (to work) every day.

10.I (to read) books in the evening.

11.I (not to read) books in the morning.

12.He (to help) his mother every day?

Activity 3. Complete the sentences using one of the following words.

cause(s)

close(s)

drink(s)

live(s)

open(s)

speak(s)

take(s) place

1. Ann speaks German very well.

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2.I never ___________________________ coffee.

3.The swimming pool _______________at 9 o’clock and ___________ at 18:30 every day

4.Bad driving ___________________________ many accidents.

5.My parents ___________________________ in a very small flat.

6.The Olympic Games ________________________ every four years.

Activity 4. Put the verb into the correct form.

1.Jane doesn't drink (not/drink) tea very often.

2.What time _______________________________________(the banks / close) in Britain?

3.'Where ______________________________________(Martin/come) from?' He's Scottish.

4.'What_______________________________________ (you/do)? 'I'm an electrical engineer.

5.It_______________________________________ (take) me an hour to get to work.

6.How long_______________________________________ (it/take) you?

7.I___________________(play) the piano but I____________________ (not/play) very well.

8.I don't understand this sentence. What_________________________ (this word/mean)?

Activity 5. Use one of the following verbs to complete these sentences. Sometimes you need

the	negative.
believe	eat	flow	go	grow	make rise	tell	translate

1.The earth goes round the sun. one

2.Rice doesn’t grow in Britain.

3.The sun _______________________________________ in the east.

4.Bees _______________________________________honey.

5.Vegetarians . _______________________________________meat.

6.The River Amazon _________________________________ into the Atlantic Ocean.

7.An atheist. _______________________________________ in God.

8.An interpreter _________________________________ from language into another.

9.A liar is someone who_____________________________ the truth.

Підтема: «Життя молоді в Україні»

READING

Уважно прочитайте текст (варіант А або В) та виконайте 4-рівневе завдання: I рівень - 3 бали (перевіряється знання лексики).

ІІ рівень - 3 бали (перевіряється розуміння основного змісту).

ІІІ рівень - 3 бали (перевіряється вміння аналізувати інформацію).

ІV рівень - 3 бали (перевірка вміння використовувати матеріал у комунікативній ситуації).

Варіант 1

Life of Youth in Ukraine

Life of youth in Ukraine is determined by the economic, social and political life of the country. The economic crisis in Ukraine has led to unemployment of many people and especially youth. As a result of it the criminal situation has immensely changed for the worse. That's why Ukrainian government took special measures for the foundation of youth organizations in Ukraine.

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And such organizations have been found. They are "The Students' League", "Young Socialists", "Green Peace", and various youth clubs which unite young people according to their interests.

"The Students' League" is aimed at solving various students problems, including economic ones. The members of this league organize youth forums, festivals and group meetings. This organization also maintains friendly ties with the universities and colleges of such countries as the USA, Great Britain, France, Germany and Holland. These ties include students exchanges on educational and cultural programmes.

"Young Socialists" is the organization of young people who share the views of socialism. They participate in the movement of socialist organizations abroad and support the policy pursued by the Socialist Party of Ukraine.

A lot of young people in Ukraine are active in the movement of "the greens". They organize various actions of protest against the pollution of environment. The members of the "Green Peace" organization stand for preserving safe environment. They fight against the destruction of flora and fauna on the Earth.

Youth clubs of different interests have come into being these days. They unite music fans, sports fans, theatergoers, amateur performance groups and others. Besides1, there is the "AllUkrainian Association of Young Businessmen", who try to find their own way of raising the country out of the economic crisis.

Level 1.

I. Match the English words and word combinations with their Ukrainian equivalents.

1.to determine	а) розділяти
2.unemployment	b) зберігати
3.measures	c) підтримувати зв'язки
4. to aim	d) визначати
5.to maintain	e) безробіття
6.to share	f) спрямовувати
7.pollution	g) забруднення
8.to preserve	h) міри

Level 2.

II.Answer the following questions.

1.What can you say about life of youth in Ukraine?

2.What youth organizations do you know?

3.What is the aim of "Students' League".?

4.What views do "Young Socialists" share?

5.What does "Green Peace" organization stand for?

6.What can you say about the "All-Ukrainian Association of Young Businessmen"?

Level 3.

III. Imagine that you are writing a letter to an American pen-friend. You know something about life of youth in the USA, but you would like to knоw more. Write some questions about youth problems in the USA.

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Level 4.

IV. Write a short newspaper article entitled "It is not easy to be young".

Варіант 2

Youth and the Youth Movement in Ukraine

Youth and the youth movement have become an important factor in the public and political life of our state. Youth are the future of each nation, of each country. Today not only grown-ups but young people as well take a great interest in problems connected with national revival and cultural renaissance in Ukraine, in the home and foreign policy of the country. All organizations for schoolchildren are not based in schools, they unite young people of different towns or districts.

The strongest youth organization is the Students' Brotherhood. It unites students from all parts of Ukraine. This organization is playing a very important role in democratic changes that are taking place nowadays. Another youth organization is the "Plast". It is like the Boy Scouts. The organization unites boys and girls from the age of fourteen for purposes of education, sports and culture. The "Plast" educates its members to be faithful to God and Ukraine. The "Sich" organization is an independent political, cultural and sport league of young people. It is based on the principles of Christian morality and national patriotism. Its main aim is to revive national consciousness among the Ukrainian youth. The organization fights for priority of ecology over economy. Young boys and girls become members of the "Sich" organization at the age of fourteen.

The independent Ukrainian Youth league is very active in Ukraine too. Its members organize pickets, strikes and demonstrations. Science and culture contribute a lot to the progress of the youth of the country. Special attention is being paid to studying the native Ukrainian culture. In school and out of school children's establishment conditions are created for the aesthetic education.

In their leisure time young people go in for sports, attend circles of amateur art: activities, amateur theatres, creative associations of young literature lovers or art studios.

Level 1. I. Match the English words and word combinations with their Ukrainian equivalents

1. movement	а. ліга
2. brotherhood	b. науковий
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3. democratic	с. братерство
4. independent	d. незалежний
5. league	е. рух
6. establishment	f. демократичний
7. creative	g. заклад
8. science	h. творчий

Level 2. II. Answer the following questions.

1.What youth organizations in Ukraine do you know?

2.Are there any political youth organizations in Ukraine?

3.What organizations is considered to be strongest?

4.What are the aims of the “Plast”?

5.What principles is the “Sich” organization based on?

6.What activities promote cultural development of the youth?

7.Do you belong to any youth organization?

Level 3. III. Imagine that you are writing a letter to an English pen-friend. Ask some questions about life of youth in Great Britain.

Level 4. IV. Give some facts to support the following statement: Youth and the youth movement have become an important factor in the life of our state.

Home task:

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Заняття 9

Тема Теперішній тривалий час. Дозвілля. Розмаїття захоплень. Спорт

Vocabulary to the text

to be fond of smth. outdoor winter games shooting

hunting tobogganing

to afford excellent opportunities for smth.

yachting ['jo:tin] gliding lawn-tennis

to indulge in smth. wrestling ['reslin] track and field events indoor games inactive

feel refreshed mind

similar

READING

Sports serve society by providing vivid examples of excellence.

George F. Will.

Serious sport is war minus the shooting.

George Orwell.

One of the quickest ways to

meet new people is to pick up

the wrong ball on a golf course.

Bits G. Pieces.

SPORT AND GAMES

People all over the world are fond of sports and games. The most popular outdoor winter sports are shooting, hunting and hockey, in the countries where the weather is frosty and there is much snow — skating, skiing and tobogganing. Some people greatly enjoy figure-skating and skijumping. It's so nice to go to the skating-rink or to the forest on a frosty sunny day!

Summer affords excellent opportunities for swimming, boating, yachting, cycling, gliding and many other sports. Among outdoor games football takes the first place in public interest; this game is played in all countries of the world. The other games are golf, lawn-tennis, cricket, volleyball, basket-ball, and so on. Badminton is also very popular.

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