УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

«БАРАНОВИЧСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»

КАФЕДРА ГРАММАТИКИ И ФОНЕТИКИ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА

ФАКУЛЬТЕТ СЛАВЯНСКИХ И ГЕРМАНСКИХ ЯЗЫКОВ

Методические рекомендации

Для обеспечения

контролируемой самостоятельной работы студентов (КСР)

по учебной дисциплине «Практическая фонетика»

для специальностей: 1-02 03 07 Иностранный язык (английский). Дополнительная специальность 1-02 03 07-02 Иностранный язык (английский). Информатика 2-й курс

Всего КСР- 12 часов, 3 семестр Из них: ПЗ – 12 ч.

Материалы подготовлены: преподавателями кафедры Козляк Е.В., Абибак О.А., Романовичем С.С., Пытель О.П., ст. преподавателем Манкевич Ж.Б. (в соответствии с Положением о контролируемой самостоятельной работе студентов БарГУ, утверждённым 18.08.2009 № 341)

Барановичи, 2012 г.

Тема: «Сочетания согласных звуков в речи. Различные типы ассимиляции»

I. Краткая аннотация

Данные методические рекомендации предназначены для студентов 2 курса факультета славянских и германских языков при организации КСР по теме: «Сочетания согласных звуков в речи. Различные типы ассимиляции». Комплекс заданий составлен в соответствии с учебной программой по дисциплине «Практическая фонетика».

Цель:совершенствование слухо-произносительных навыков.

Задачи:углубить теоретические знания, развивать память, закрепить навыки идентификации, анализа и соблюдения в речи звуковых явлений.

II. Тематический план

2 курс,3 семестр.

Тема «Сочетания согласных звуков в речи. Различные типы ассимиляции».

3. Список основной и дополнительной литературы.

Основная литература

1. Карневская, Е.Б. Практическая фонетика английского языка: Учеб. / Е.Б. Карневская, Е.А Мисуно, Л.Д. Раковская; Под общ. ред. Е.Б. Карневской. — 2-е изд. — Минск: «Симон», 2005. — 400 с.

Дополнительная литература

2. O’Connor, J.D.Better English Pronunciation/ J.D. O’Connor. – Cambridge, 1997.

3. Информационный блок.

Combinations of English consonants in speech are characterized by close co-articulation and different types of assimilations.

All assimilations are defined according to several main criteria:

1. The direction of the influence:

1. Progressive assimilations (when the preceding sound influences the following one)

2. Regressive assimilations (when the following sound influences the preceding one)

3. Double (reciprocal) assimilations (when we observe mutual influence of both sounds)

2. The aspect of influence:

1. Assimilations affecting the place of articulation. As a result one of the contacting consonants changes its original place of articulation. (eg. Alveolar consonants are replaced by their dental allophones)

b. Assimilations affecting the manner of articulation. As a result one of the contacting consonants is pronounced a bit differently in the given cluster in comparison with its original characteristics. (eg. Sonorant [r] becomes fricative)

c. Assimilations affecting the work of the vocal cords. As a result there is some devoicing of the following sound. (There’s no regressive assimilation according to this aspect)

d. Assimilations affecting the position of lips. As a result one of the adjacent consonants is labialized (or lip-rounded).

1. Loss of plosion

When two plosive consonants having the same place of articulation, are in contact within a word or at a word junction, there is a complete loss of plosion of the first consonant, i.e. the obstruction is removed and a plosion is heard only after the second consonant.

e.g.: Midday, big girl, deep purple, back gate, bad times. What time? What day?

When the contacting plosives have different places of articulation (pt, tk, db, gd) the obstruction of the first consonant is not removed until the articulation of the second consonant has started. The release of the first consonant is, therefore, very weak, and there is a perceptible plosion only after the second consonant. Thus, the phenomenon of the loss of plosion actually takes place in any cluster of two plosive consonants.

2. Nasal plosion

At the junction of the plosive consonants [t, d, p, b, k, g] with the nasal sonorants [m, n] the articulation of the sonorant starts when the articulation of the plosive consonant is not yet finished. As a result, instead of removing the obstruction in the mouth cavity, the air stream passes through the nasal cavity producing the effect of a nasal plosion.

Eg. – shouldn’t, wouldn’t, meet my friend.

3. Lateral plosion

At the junction of a plosive consonant with the lateral sonorant [1] the plosion is produced during the pronunciation of the sonorant as the air stream passes along the sides of the tongue, lowered for the articulation of [1]. This phenomenon is known as lateral plosion:

e.g.: place, blow, glance, kettle, I'd like to see you tomorrow.

4. Loss of Aspiration.

English voiceless plosive consonants [p, t, k] are pronounced without aspiration in the position after fricative [s]. Eg.: spider, stone, sky

5. Combinations of plosive and fricative consonants

When a plosive consonant precedes a fricative consonant within a word or at a syllable or word boundary (juncture) it has its release during the pronunciation of the fricative. This phenomenon is the result of close co-articulation of adjacent consonants in English and is called fricative plosion (release):

e. g.: let's, what's, kinds, upside, stops, walks.