29884_0cd0f77893bde3bf443496b0c3f21449

. ' & : " - " & # & # - #, , & " ?& "?- $% " A$ $- %$ & .

H !$% " :

" , & # !;

& . + , ! , # !- . " ! " ,! " - , , " ! "? #A $% & (- # );

# # & - . 4 A # & & ?$, & & - $. C , ? # & ,# A # -A A " !P -" "?.

8.5. > &! = / $! "% & / $!" " % * " 4 ! $! "% &

> & -A ! " ! A ! , $$ .

E! "% & & # / 4 !" "

H ,		H , ( ? )
L ( )
	10	20	30	40	50	60
100	16	28	37	44	51	57
200	28	44	57	68	78	86
300	37	57	72	86	97	106
400	44	68	86	100	114	124
500	51	78	97	114	129	141
600	57	86	106	124	141	155

111

+ # & ! $ $ & !P , 57 ! . 9# A %"$ $% # !-:

1)100 L 60 ;

2)200 L 30 ;

3)300 L 20 ;

4)600 L 10 .

4 , $,57 ! :

O A$% ( iso — A quant — ) — , $% A-, & ! " " & !P .

4 ! " % ,L — , " #- & & % A ! " A

112

MRTSLK = / L,

& MRTSLK — " # & & %.

' ? " , — &-. % && " A " MRTS.

A " #% ! :

MRTSKL = L / ,

& MRTSKL — " # & & %.

> & , MRTSKL "- ? A # . ' - , $ !$ , , . . %$ & . O $ "$ " . %-! "? -" " A . 9 ! ,% " ! "? , " " ! "? " . H , A ! " " # . < # A ! " " .

! 4 ! , " & * "/

1.. O & ! .

2.O "? A - .

3.? - ? .

?! & "/ %

«+ & , ! " , # "A . * ? , - , A # # , A # ! » (< . 10:22—34).

H

1. A ! " :&$C > $!$!" " #& J & …

) !$ & & " ;

113

!) " " ; ) !# & " & ; &) ! " ; ) .

2. "% $!" @ $' "/ @ ! !"%: *- & & >! "= / & & #J? * & & >! "=- / & & #J ( )…

) & # # -;

!) " & ; ) ! .

3. & $! " :* & G" ! > * & !- > "$ ( ) 4 ! " > $!$!" " #& & …

) & A " " - ;

!) A " " " !P ;

) A " ! # " $! -" & ;

&) % .

4. E!" "@ :& " @ /& : % : J* / $! #- / $! "% " # & " >-" 4 ! $! "% & ?

) & & $ ; !) & " # & ;

) & & $ .

5. % — <...

) !% & ( & ) ; !) & ; ) " & ;

&) & $ ; ) " # # -

;

) # , # A ! " !P .

114

9. + T ? H E E

9.1. ! « » 7 < )

9.2."

9.3."

9.4."

9.5.-7 . ( 7 . =-

9.1. E " «"% !' " $! "% & » " "@ &&"4" G"

0 $ A -. $ ,A (AFC, AVC, %'(). # # A (%'() & !$ . > - A , $ A $ ", $ .

!$% - # A . ,! # & -& "?$ - " & . # # # # A U-! .

> & $ - . & # # A (%'()# # %'(, -$% # , -& ! " & & :

'( = FC + V(,

& '( — A ; FC — A ; VC —A ;

/( =AVC +AQ,

& /( — " A ; AVC — # A ; AQ — " -.

& 0 — , -! ", # , A !- " % ? # A , A

115

A , & ! ! -&, . . A A " ? ( ) ( ).

( ) — A , -% -, & A . > # A # , !- , A " A , &-& , ! & % # &, # , !- , " , , , &$ . . ' , # # , " ! #& A . O # $.

( ) — " & -, "$, $ , " A " , A % # " , -! ( A ) A .

% "=" ' : < "= & " " " :@> !& " " "% !' "

&&"4" G" "% !' $ ! % "= $!"%

0 — # ,&. / 0 ! — # , -.

> !P -A ( -

116

A " % : , A , ? , , !- ) $ A .

9.2. % !' " $! "% & ! &! = $!"

! &! = "% !' " $!$!" "

			-		-	<-	<-	<-
	O!P	-		>-
			-		"-		-
	-					-		-
							-
	-	A-		A-
			A-		A-
	, Q	, FC		, '(		A-		A-
			, VC		, /(		A-
						, AFC		, %'(
							, AVC
	0	50	0	50	—	—	—	—
	1	50	50	100	50	50	50	100
	2	50	98	148	48	16,7	32,7	49,4
	3	50	130	180	32	10	26	36
	4	50	175	225	45	7,1	25	32,1
	5	50	242	292	67	5,6	26,9	32,5
	6	50	385	435	143	4,5	35	39,5

F , $% # A , $ $% .

1. )

/( =

VC

=

W

L

;

!)

MP =

Q

;

Q

Q

L

L

)

L

=

1

;

&)

MC =

W

,

Q

MPL

MPL

& W — A " # ; L — " # ; MPL — "-

.

, " A& , - & " & .

2. ) AVC =	VC	=	WL	;	!)	APL	=	Q		;
	Q Q							L
) W — const;					&)	AVC =			W		,
									APL

& %=L — ; AVC — A .

117

0 ( & . fixed costs — FC) — - # , $ -.% , # # A !- , , # ,, A , & & . . A% A ! "A , & , $ !P - . 4 ! ! " !P -

Q, — A (, A FC ! & " , "-! .

0 ( & . variable costs — VC) —, # . O" , , , &$, !$ - # ! #, . .

O!% , A

9.3. % !' " $! "% & > &! = $!"

> & A - " , " & & ! " # , , -! "? " A . >& " $ ", & —.

< # # A ! 0 ( & . total costs — '(). + & -VC FC & # VC 0F .

118

+ !% # A , $ !P A , 0 ( & . average costs — %(). O $ !% , A . ( ( & . average total costs — %'()!% A , -: %'( = TC/Q. C A ! - $ A .

< !% A $ !& , " - " # ". # A ! U-!$ . < A " . ' , ! "? A $ " !P -

. A - # ! "? A ! $, # /.

!P$ " , A . !$% ##. # !% # A# 7 7 -( & . average fixed costs — AFC) 7 7( & . average variable costs — AVC).

# A

0 ( & . marginal costs — /() — A , " -. O $, ! -$ !P$ A " % !P-

119

. 9 & : ! " A , A " !P # , " A.

9.4. % !' " $!$!" "/ " * &

/ 0 ! — A & - % & . . = -# "$ ,$% :

' = + v + ,

& ' — " ; — " ! # ; v — " !# & ; — - " ! & .

/ 0 $ ! ! ! ?$ " , $ $% A A-+ v. ' $ ! .

< ! " ! A A-$ . ' ! $ A .

F A ! & .# !P$$% & :

? # & ;

? & ;

!P -.

9.5. @ " $!" #. !: :! @ $!$!" " . # & # $!$!" "

3 % — A ? " ! , A$% & # " . > & # A " " "-, & # .

* ( % ) — , - A # :

TR = PQ.

120