Original II

"Over the carnage rose prophetic a voice," wrote Walt Whitman, catching the spirit of that great moment. "Affection shall solve the problems of freedom yet." Could his prophecy have been fulfilled . . . ? It certainly might have been, had things been left to the fighting officers and men. Commissioners appointed by Lee and Grant to arrange practical details of the surrender had no difficulty reaching an agreement. Grant not only rushed rations to the half-starved Confederates but allowed them free transportation home on government ships and railways. As General Gordon, one of the commissioners, said, courtesy and even deference was shown to the defeated officers; everyone looked forward to "a liberal, generous, magnanimous policy" toward the South. A Confederate cannoneer, who had expected to be "paraded through Northern cities for the benefit of jeering crowds" (as had been done to Union prisoners in Richmond), was relieved to learn that he could go home. There was good-humored chaffing between officers of both sides. General Meade, who had superbly commanded the Army of the Potomac through this last campaign, rode out to meet the Confederate commander, doffed his cap (the old-fashioned array salute) , and said, "Good morning, General." Lee remarked, "What are you doing with all that gray in your beard?" To which Meade replied, "You have to answer for most of it!"

Samuel Eliot Morison—The Oxford History of the-American People.

Sample IV

Whitman's prophecy —"Affection shall solve the problems of freedom." — might have been fulfilled, had things been left to the fighting officers and men. There had been no difficulty in reaching agreement about the practical details of the surrender. Courtesy and deference were shown to the defeated officers. Food was rushed to the half-starved soldiers and they were sent home for free on government ships and railways. One such Confederate soldier was relieved to learn that he could go home when he had expected to be paraded through Northern cities for the benefit of jeering crowds.

7. The use that Sample IV makes of Original II can be considered as

1. clearly plagiarism.

2. an acceptable summary of it.

3. an acceptable paraphrase of it.

4. to need no documentation since the facts are general knowledge.

Sample V

When Whitman wrote "Affection shall solve the problems of freedom yet," he caught the spirit of the moment. There had been no difficulties in reaching a surrender agreement and the Confederates had been treated with courtesy and deference. And, as Samuel Eliot Morison points out, if solving the problem of freedom had been left up to the fighting officers and men, there would have been no problem with the rebels returning to the Union. (Morison .700) For example, food was rushed to the half-starved Confederates and they were allowed free transportation home on government ships and railways.

8. The use that Sample IV makes of Original II can be considered

1. adequately documented.

2. plagiarism of facts.

3. plagiarism of phrasing and wording.

4. adequate interweaving of writer's own words with source.