- •Содержание
- •Вводно-коррективный курс
- •I. Правила чтения в английском языке Чтение ударных гласных:
- •Чтение безударных гласных:
- •Чтение сочетаний гласных
- •Чтение некоторых гласных перед сочетаниями согласных
- •Чтение сочетаний гласных с согласной
- •Правила чтения согласных букв и буквосочетаний
- •Чтение некоторых согласных букв и буквосочетаний
- •Немые согласные буквы
- •II. Словообразование
- •Aффиксы глаголов -ate, -ize, -(I)fy:
- •Приставка «re» обозначает повторное совершение действия:
- •Префиксы отрицания dis, un-, in, im, ir: Префиксы «dis», «in», «im», «ir», «un» прибавляются к основе слова и указывают на противоположные свойства, выражают отрицание качества, действия:
- •III. Порядок слов в английском предложении Структура английского простого повествовательного распространенного предложения
- •Построение отрицательных предложений.
- •Вопросительные предложения.
- •Общие вопросы.
- •Специальные вопросы.
- •Альтернативные вопросы.
- •Разделительные вопросы.
- •Видовременные формы английского глагола в действительном залоге
- •Unit I. Family. Hobbies. Lesson 1. My family.
- •My family
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •Comprehension
- •Additional reading
- •Text a. The family relationships
- •Text b. British and American families
- •Lesson 2. Hobbies.
- •Hobbies
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Formation
- •Grammar
- •Comprehension
- •Additional reading History of the term “Hobby”
- •Unit II. My studies. My University. My work. Lesson 3. My Studies.
- •My Studies
- •Vocabulary
- •Make your own sentences with these words and combinations.
- •Grammar
- •Comprehension
- •Additional reading English has no equals!
- •The subjects I studied at school. My favourite subject.
- •Lesson 4. My University.
- •My Home University
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •Модальные глаголы (modal verbs)
- •Can (could).
- •1) Обозначает физическую возможность совершения действия, способность или умение:
- •2) Обозначает сомнение в том, что действие имеет место или имело место (в сочетании с глаголом to be, продолженной или перфектной формой инфинитива - в вопросительном предложении):
- •4) Употребляется для выражения разрешения (наряду с глаголом may):
- •1) Обозначает необходимость, долженствование:
- •May (might)
- •1) Обозначает разрешение совершить действие:
- •2) Предположение, возможность осуществления действия; при этом might обозначает меньшую степень предположения (возможности):
- •Will (would)
- •Ought to
- •Глагол to have в модальном значении
- •Глагол to be в модальном значении
- •Comprehension
- •Additional reading
- •Open University
- •Unit III. My working day. My week-end. Lesson 5. My working day.
- •My working day
- •Vocabulary
- •Find antonyms for the following words:
- •Match the words with the definitions:
- •Grammar
- •Comprehension
- •Write out the key sentences for each point of the plan.
- •Additional reading
- •In the Royal Welsh Army
- •Add exercise into your daily life
- •Bring Happiness to Your Daily Life
- •Lesson 6. My Weekend.
- •My Weekend
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Formation
- •Grammar
- •Страдательный залог. (Passive Voice)
- •Comprehension
- •Additional Reading
- •An Awful Weekend
- •Unit IV. Cities of Russia. Lesson 7. Tambov.
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •Сomprehension
- •Additional reading Historic background of Tambov
- •Lesson 8. Moscow.
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •Choose the right variant, explain your choice.
- •Past simple (простое прошедшее время)
- •The past perfect tense ( прошедшее совершенное время)
- •Comprehension
- •Write out the key sentences for each point of the plan.
- •Additional Reading
- •Cultural life of Moscow
- •Education and science
- •Unit 5. Towns and Cities of Great Britain. Lesson 9. London. The Capital.
- •Think of the outline of the text or just write out the key notions (words) covered in the text
- •Make a conclusion to characterise London in one sentence.
- •Decide on what place you would like to visit in London most of all. Explain your choice.
- •London. The capital.
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •Choose the right variant and explain your choice.
- •Comprehension
- •Westminster Abbey
- •St. Paul’s Cathedral
- •Buckingham Palace
- •Trafalgar Square
- •The Tate Gallery
- •Albert Hall
- •The Tower of London
- •Tower Bridge
- •Piccadilly Circus
- •Lesson 10. Towns and Cities of Great Britain
- •The city of Birmingham
- •Manchester
- •Edinburgh
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •Grammar rules Revision participle
- •Participle I
- •Present continuous
- •Comprehension
- •Additional reading
- •The city of Liverpool
- •Cardiff
- •History of Birmingham
- •The city of Cambridge
- •The history of the city of Manchester
- •Landmarks of Manchester
- •Unit 6. Higher Education. Lesson 11. Higher Education in Great Britain
- •Higher Education in Great Britain
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-Formation
- •Grammar Present perfect (I have done) – Настоящее перфектное время
- •Participle II - Причастие II.
- •Comprehension
- •Additional reading
- •Cambridge 'Tripos' exams
- •Lesson 12. Higher education in Russia
- •Higher education in Russia
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar Word Formation
- •Revise your Grammar. Check yourself reading the Grammar rule: Participle II - Past Participle Причастие прошедшего времени
- •Present perfect
- •Comprehension
- •Additional reading
- •Educational system in Russia
- •Unit 7. Travelling. Lesson 13. Means of Travelling
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •Степени сравнения прилагательных
- •Формальные признаки частей речи английского языка. Существительное (The Noun)
- •Прилагательное (The Adjective)
- •Местоимение (The Pronoun)
- •Наречие (The Adverb).
- •Числительное (The Numeral)
- •Comprehension
- •Lesson 14. Sightseeing
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •Образование.
- •Comprehension.
- •Additional reading
- •Seven Modern Wonders of the World
- •Compare the celebrations of r. Burns’ and w. Shakespeare’s birthdays.
- •Burns’ night
- •Shakespeare’s Birthday
- •The Edinburgh International Festival
- •Robert Burns – Роберт Бернс
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •Comprehension
- •Additional reading
- •Customs and Traditions in Great Britain
- •The Ceremony of the Keys
- •Lesson 16. Traditions and Holidays in Russia
- •Russian Holidays
- •Vocabulary
- •Make your own sentences with these words and combinations.
- •Grammar
- •Revise your Grammar. Check yourself consulting the rules in Lessons 6, 9 and 14.
- •Additional reading
- •My favourite holiday
- •Список использованной литературы
Comprehension
Task 10. Choose the right answer to the following questions.
1) What are the main advantages of trains?
A. speed and comfort;
B. comfort and safety;
C. price and comfort.
2) What is the fastest way of travelling?
A. by train;
B. by car;
C. by plain;
D. on foot.
3) If you are a city-dweller, how would you like to spend your holiday?
A. visiting museums and art galleries;
B. walking by the sea or in the mountains;
C. looking at shop windows.
4) What makes travelling by car popular?
A. cheap fuel for cars;
B. safety and comfort;
C. no tickets, free stops.
5) How do people choose means of travelling?
A. according to their family budget;
B. according to the children’s wishes;
C. according to their plans and destinations;
D. according to the weather forecast.
Task 11. Complete the sentences.
1) Travellers are usually reminded by ___________.
2) __________ new things, different ways of life.
3) The best way __________________ is to travel.
4) Modern trains have ____________.
5) _____________ is popular mostly for pleasure trips.
6) A very popular method of travelling is __________.
7) _____________ are very healthful.
8) _____________ usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains.
Task 12. True or False statements.
1) Holiday-makers travel only to enjoy picturesque places.
2) Hiking is travelling on foot.
3) City-dwellers like to travel to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries.
4) The worst way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes.
5) Travelling by car is very popular, because you can stop when and where you like.
Task 13. A. Match the following titles with the corresponding passages of the text.
1) How to spend holidays if you live in the country or in the city.
2) Means of travelling can mean a lot!
3) Why do people travel?
4) Happy memories of your holiday! |
A. Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other countries and continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It is always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.
B. Most travellers and holiday-makers take a camera with them and take pictures of everything that interests them – the sights of a city, old churches and castles, views of mountains, lakes, valleys, plains, waterfalls, forests; different kinds of trees, flowers and plants; animals and birds. Later, perhaps years later, they will be reminded by the photos of the happy time they had.
C. All means of travelling have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans and destinations. If we are fond of travelling, we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home, though we may read about them in books and newspapers, and see pictures of them on TV. The best way to study geography and foreign languages is to travel, and the best way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes.
D. Those who live in the country like to travel to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and laze in the sun. |
B. Now think, how would you title these passages?
Task 14. Put the sentences into the right order.
1) They want to see other countries and continents.
2) All means of travelling have their advantages and disadvantages.
3) Most holiday-makers take a camera with them and take pictures of everything that interests them.
4) People choose different means of travelling according to their plans and destinations.
5) Millions of people spend their holidays travelling.
6) People have a great choice of means of travelling.
7) Travelling is the most effective way to study geography and foreign languages.
8) Some people stay at home and do sightseeing in their own city, others go to the country to spend their holidays in an active way.
9) They can travel by air, by land or by sea.
Task 15. Make up the summary of the text using tasks 13B and 14.
Task 16. Read the additional text about types of holiday. After reading it try to remember what other types of holiday you know. If there is no any, try to create your own types of holiday.
Holiday is an extended period of recreation, especially spent away from home or travelling. This means that holiday is a kind of tourist activity that is not connected with work or business. Therefore, to make out which types of tourist activity refer to holiday one should exclude all kinds of business travelling and then it’s quite possible to compose a list of types of holiday according to different criteria: duration of holiday, its geography, tourists’ mobility, their age, transportation, seasons, value for money, etc.
But the main criterion is the aim of holiday. Different people take holidays on various purposes. Some go hunting, others prefer to climb mountains. A lot of people have holidays relative to sport activities, such as hiking, cycling, horse-back riding, rowing and canoeing, as well as scuba-diving or even bungee jumping. There are also such purposes as recreation, treatment and medical care. In this case people can choose resort or a spa. Today a great attention is paid to ecological tourism.
One of the tourist activities is studying. You can not be sure if it is a type of holiday, but one should not forget that for some people studying is more recreating and relaxing than for example hunting or climbing mountains.
Nowadays there are many kinds of work and each of them requires its own type of holiday. So the number of types of holiday is steadily growing.