Вариант3

L Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-

временную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The automatic equipment is being installed in our shop.

2.Radioactive isotopes have been produced in nuclear reactor.

З.ТЬе construction of this house will be completed in a month.

4.The engineer was asked about the new technology used at the plant.

П. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1. The success in chemistry made it possible to obtain a lot of new materials.

2. One must apply the material that can be machined easily.

3. It is the energy of falling water that is used to drive turbines.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык

помня о разных значениях глаголов to be, to have, to do. l.The operators dealing with radioisotopes must have protective suits. 2.These engineers are to study the problem of using solar energy. З.ТЬе chemical industry is one of the leading branches of our national economy. 4.Russian factories have acquired good reputation abroad.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1.1 think the drawing will be ready by tomorrow.

2. Every substance a man comes in contact with consists of molecules.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните Participle I и

Participle II, определите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите,

является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. These reactions convert hydrogen into helium, giving off a great amount

of light and heat.

2. The formula E=mc² deduced by Albert Einstein is perhaps the most well-

known equation in the world.

3. Soils contaming too much sand or clay are of less value in agriculture.

4. Plastic articles are often difficult to repair if broken.

VI. Перегшшите и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 6-й абзацы текста. Перегпшште и письменно переведите 2, 3 и 4-й абзацы.

HOW SOUNDS ARE PRODUCED?

1. Sounds are produced by vibrations of matter. If sound vibrations are regular, they are pleasant to the ear and are known as musical sounds.

2.A vibrating object makes the air around it vibrate. When a body vibrates, it sets up a wave motion in the surrounding air. The waves are carried in all directions from vibrating body. They move as water waves move away from the spot where you have thrown a stone into the water. The difference between these two types of waves is that sound waves travel in all directions, while water waves travel only on the surface of the water.

З.ТЬе loudness of a sound depends on the amount of matter that vibrates. The waves are higher in water if you drop a large stone because more water is suddenly pushed aside. In the same way, the more air an object causes to vibrate, the louder will be the sound.

4.Sound waves are usually carried to our ears by the air. Have you heard the shot of a gun fired at quite a distance from you? How did the sound waves get from the gun to your ears? You probably nave noticed that when you strike two stones against each other under water, you can hear the sounds produced under water.

5. Gases, liquids, and solids carry sound waves. Sound travels in air at a speed of approximately 1100 feet per second. When you see a flash of Ughtning a mile away, the speed of light is such that the flash reaches your eye almost instantly.

6.The sound of thunder reaches your ear later. To measure the interval between flash and thunder you have to use a precise stop watch (хронометр).

5. Sound waves can be reflected. You have noticed that when you shout toward

a wall, the sound is reflected back to you; we call reflected sounds echoes. We find today that in modern buildings architects use methods and materials which reduce echoes and secure good sound transmission.

ВАРИАНТ 4

L Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Many 16-stored houses with all modem conveniences are being built

In this part of Moscow.

2.The sputniks are used for the research of magnetic fields and cosmic rays. 3The properties of materials are affected by the solar radiation. 4Scientific and engineering progress opens up wide prospects fore men.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1. It is necessary to obtain accurate data on the possibility of living and working in space.

2. The people know that their joint efforts can secure peace in the whole world.

3. We had to find new methods of investigation because the old ones were unsatisfactory.

Ш. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. A programme for the construction of new types of spaceships is to be carried out this year.

2. Where does this young man work?

3. We had to change the design of this machine.

4. The speed of electrons is almost the same as that of light.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

l.We know radio and radar systems play a very important role at any airport.

2. The information science gets about other galaxies comes through

radiotelescopes.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните Participle I и Participle II, определите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The cloud chamber is one of the devices used to detect the presence of radioactivity.

2. Matter consists of one or a number of basic elements occurring in nature. З.Опе can use several modern devices while detecting and measuring

radioactivity.

4.When heated to a certain temperature, this alloy increases in volume.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык с 1- го по 5-й абзацы текста.

Перепишите и письменно переведите 2,3 и 4-й абзацы. Пояснения к тексту

1 fundamental particle - элементарная частица

2.emergence - появление

OUTLINE OF OUR SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS 1. The Russian science has been concentrated lately on the most promising

fundamental trends and fields, on increasing the practical effectiveness of research. The physics of fundamental particles¹, the physics of the atomic nucleus, and solid state physics occupy an important place in modem science.

2. Our scientists have developed large-scale commercial manufacture of artificial diamonds with properties which surpass those of natural diamonds. The finest crystallographic equipment has been developed making it possible to study the atomic structure of materials.

З.ТЪе emergence² of quantum electronics is one of the brightest events in the history of physics. Out scientists have suggested and developed the ideas of basically new sources of electromagnetic emission-quantum generators. At present, they are used in industry for cutting and welding metals, for high precision treatment of various materials including diamonds and ceramics.

4.The necessity to conduct extremely fast technical calculations, primarily in atomic technique, in aviation, rocketry and cosmonautics has led to the development of fast-acting electronic computers. Computers and other technical means of control are widely used in such fields as economics, planning and management of production. One should remember that the wide use of computers signifies a further advance in industry.

5. In recent years we have seen new vast progress in space research. At present new projects for studying the Moon and other planets of the solar system are being developed in our country. "Soviet spaceships," said Sergei Korolev, the General Designer of the first space rocket systems, a founder of practical cosmonautics, "will again and again leave the shore of the Universe to teach unexplored worlds. Their every flight and return will be a memorable occasion for our people and the whole progressive mankind, a triumph of reason and progress."

VII. Прочитайте 5-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос.

What did Sergei Kovolev say about the aims of the space programme?

I.... studying weightlessness.

2.... studying solar radiation;

3.... conquering outer space.