- •The organization of the ship is changing but usually one can find three departments: the deck department, the engine department and the catering department.
- •Icebreakers are to clear the way through the stratums of ice in the seas which are adjacent to the Earth’s poles.
- •In 1930, all the leading seafaring countries accepted rules set up by the International Load Convention to keep ships from being overloaded.
- •Cargo divides into the next types: bulk and general.
- •Types of packages:
- •Information mark
- •As part of the team servicing the day-to-day operations of the ship, Deck Cadets assist and understudy the ship’s Deck Officers in their duties.
In 1930, all the leading seafaring countries accepted rules set up by the International Load Convention to keep ships from being overloaded.
It must be remembered that ship is a moving platform with potentially slippery decks in wet or rough weather. Great care must be taken when moving about the vessel and running and climbing on rails and bulwarks is forbidden. Also, ladders should be descended backwards if necessary and particularly when wet.
It is legal requirement that you wear the correct safety clothing and footwear in those parts of the ship where certain hazards exist. Hard hats and proper protective shoes are the minimum for working on external decks. Inflatable lifejackets will also be required to be worn in certain situations when working at or near the ships side or stern.
Your lifejacket is stowed in your cabin wardrobe. An emergency will be indicated by 7 short blasts followed by a prolonged blast on the ship`s whistle or electrical warning system by bell. Upon hearing this signal proceeds to your emergency muster station with your lifejacket and wear suitably warm clothing. Upon arrival at your muster station an Officer will conduct a head count and explain the Emergency and actions you are required to take.
Piracy is an ancient problem of sea trade and even in our modern world it takes place. Pirates of yore and modern pirates share some similarities. Piracy thrives when three requirements are met:
A place to prowl where rewards are great.
An area where the risk of detection is slight. Today, the most notorious areas where the piracy thrives are the South China Sea an off the coasts of Africa.
The safe haven. Today, Somalia and Indonesia`s many island provide an ideal hiding place.
Cargo divides into the next types: bulk and general.
Bulk cargo divides into liquid and dry cargo, general – into containerized, non-containerized, and refrigerated.
General cargoes comprise goods of the following types: bagged, baled, barreled, boxed, metals and machinery, heavyweights, goods in packages, containers and timber cargoes.
Refrigerated cargo is a meat, fruit, fish.
Bulk cargo is a cargo isn’t in boxes, crates, bundles etc., such as coal, iron ore, grain and fertilizers.
Liquid products comprise: fuel oil, petrol, kerosene, lubricants, acids – these are a dangerous type of cargo. They should be kept away from the inflammable solids, from cargoes which are dangerous when wet, or corrosive.
General cargo is loaded by cranes and the ship’s own derricks. Non-containerized cargo is carried in multi-deck vessels. Loading and discharging container cargoes is done in the warehouses. Bulk cargo is carried in the self-trimming holds. It’s unloaded automatically by buckets on a conveyor belt system or through large tubes.
The First Mate draws up a cargo plan based on the information he has received of the cargo to be loaded. He considers the stability of the ship when cargo is loaded.
The handling of cargo into and out of the vessel’s holds is the work of the stevedores.