687983_a1d9b_aliev_t_i_seti_evm_i_telekommunikacii

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

%5B65486 F 5D5654 CSMA/CD F EC9ACDBA 123 Ethernet B

F 5F B69 E	BF5B5 95BDAE B C	FC C 7	799	10 D/B,
100 D/B	1 6 D/B, BF548 5 79 C	F59AD A	D5 5 5	9DC 747
F5 54ACD 5 5 D8 5F B79 C F 5D56547 CSMA/CD 4A BC D BCDC".
*5 542+5 42 5 B5 47B95 F 5D5654 CSMA/CD BD79!
F549A D B4C C D7F.
1. 36 8 4E7A42 5 97 747 FC C 7.
3D79! A	E5#CD FC C 7 7D8 67,	CB4 7 C4ACE7A B C 7 (67974

B A ) B 5 5 97. *4A D5 5 BD79! 9CF C 95 B4C AD, 9C F5A 4BA 4 67974C B 974 "974 C 9CB C"", 65D5 " 7BF5 97CDBA F5 5 9

97F A#C9 A B CDC48BD CD 5	79AD5BD 679747.
2. /7 23% 7 FC C 7, CB4 67974 79AD. % D5E 67, 5# 7 "
5B 5 5# C9 A 679747, 97 5 DBA C C BCDC 5 5 7 7FDC 7.
3. -7#786 F232 7#4 67 7,		CB4 67974		B 5 5 C9. % 9765E
9C 79AD5BD 679747 A 4ACDBA 5DB DBD C 9)E 9CB C" 7BD5D.
3B4 67974 B 5 5 C9	4	D54865	D5	5B 5 5 4BA (B 974
"5DB DBD C 9CB C""), BD79! A E5#CD 97 7D8 FC C 7, C #7
DC 9545 CB6 F7 , 97 7CE F 34 29A C7EF 9452, 4 95"
96 D5 9DC 745, D5 4A		123	B F 5F B695" BF5B5 95BD8
10 D/B B5BD7 4ACD 9,6 E6B.

C5 /5 4 % 5-!24 5 262 5 B45 4C97 B4C E 5 BD5ADC48BD 7E. 25-FC, F5B65486 BC BD79! 5DB4C# 7 D FC C 7 BC 67 5 BCD, D5 F5B4C 7 C C9 A FC C 7 BC 252EB2 7 7F523B 68%AB B59 F34E2 2AB E 4 D6 A62 6 56!A42 4A F )E7 5 C C 95 5 67 7, 4A C 5 D C CDBA 5F C C4)995C CEA. 25D5, BF548 5 79 C EC#67 5 5 5 9DC 747 F32 65E37+725 6A6F689ABC 7DE75 32 B 5 95" BD79! C".

%5 7 C C9 EC#67 5 5 5 9DC 747 BD79! E5 D 97 7D8 FC C 7 B 5C 5 67 7. 7 - 7 7 C #C6 7BF 5BD 79C9 A B 9747 F5 67 C4 9C BC BD79! BD 5 5 5 95 CEC995 6B D 76D 5659 79 A FC C 7 67 7.

4. 232 7#7 7 37 4 F36 8 4E7A42 6884 4C. &7 FC C 7CDBA F5 67 C4895" B BDCEC 5 5 97F 7 4C9 A. 3B4 D5 #C CEA C ) 5 97 BD79! A 97 9)D FC C 7 67 7, 67974C 5 9 69CD 6884 4!. &7, 5 4C C99 C 6544 , F C 7DADBA 5 2 5 (F 5 5" CD 9745#C9 C 67 5). %5 D5E 5 CEA FC C 7 BD79! F 5B4 7 D 67974 B !C48 5 97 #C9 A 6544 ". 25 9 695 C9 C 6544 7BF5 97CDBA F5 974 B 9747 67974C, 5 C98 65D5 5 5 9C EC98 C 5 9A B 9747, F 5 5 E5 5 F 5 95 CEC995" FC C 7 C EA 4 9CB65486 E D 79B C 7E.

3B4 6544 A 5 9 647, 95 C BD79! C C 9C 5 97 # 4 CC, 59 E5 D F5F D7D8BA 97 7D8 FC C 7. &7 D BD79! " D5 7 D 5 4C C9 95 6544 . *4A B64 C9 A D765" B D 7! 5 4C C99 C 6544 BD79! 97 97 D FC C 7 7D8 26 32 2 B

201

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

DCE, D5 BC 5BD7489 C BD79! BC EC9D7 5BD5 C 4 B8 D5E, D5 4 9 A 79AD7.

C$745 4E2 4 – BFC! 74897A F5B4C 5 7DC4895BD8 32 D,

97 7CE7A jam-F6 82 6E75289A6 59.

3D79!, 5 4C C99 C 6544 , C4 7 D 97 1 B 5 +5 + ! + 62 * * ! *5 542+.

3D79! A B D7CD, D5 597 F37E8!25 2 2A56 67 C4A, CB4 C #C FC C 795 6822 64 7C5. &544 A, 5 9 67 7A B 67 5E 4 95" 54CC 64 7"D, 97 7CDBA 2 7F 3255C CF, D5 5 95 B CDC48BD CD 5 9C65 C6D95E E59D7#C 67 C4895" B BDCE, 97F EC, 5 D5E, D5 6765"-D5 BC EC9D E5#CD D8 4 99CC, CE D5 5F C C4C95 BFC! 67! C" 4A 7995 5 D F7 67 C4895" B BDCE.

5. %4 7A42 FC C F5 D5 95" FC C 7 C".

*4A 5 7 E5EC9D7 F5 D5 95" FC C 7 BD79! A C"BD CD B5 47B95 D76 97 7CE5E 45$2 CE 2EDE 5F7C8, 5 CBFC 7 CE 7 4 9 C CEC97 5D5 95BD 6 F5 D5 95" FC C 7 C. %5 D5 97A FC C 7 7 5D647 7CDBA 97 B4 7"95C CEA 6 7D95C 512 D5 E 9DC 747E, D5 4A 123 B F 5F B695" BF5B5 95BD8 10 D/B B5BD7 4ACD 51,2 E6B:

t = 51,2 * N .

, CB8 N – B4 7"97A C4 97, F 9 E7 7A !C45 B4C995C 97 C9 C 9DC 747 (0; 2n) B55D CDBD B 7 95EC 9 E 76595E 7BF C C4C9 A, C n – 654 CBD 5 6544 " (F5 D5 9 FC C 7), F CE n = 1, 2, …, 10.

% n = 1 B4 7"97A C4 97 N E5#CD F 9AD8 B C 5AD95BD8 1/3 5 95 D ) 97 C9 ": 0, 1, 2, 7 F n = 2 – B C 5AD95BD8 1/5 5 95 FAD 97 C9 ": 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.

%5B4C CBAD5" 6544 n 9C EC9ACDBA 5BD7CDBA 7 9 E 10. 076 E 5 7 5E, E76B E74895C CEA, 97 65D5 5C 5D647 7CDBA FC C 7 7 67 7,

7 95 τ max = 51,2 * 210 52,4 .

6. 6E563A7! F232 7#7 4 F C6 7 C9 C 7 5D.

3D79! A E5#CD F5F D7D8BA FC C 7D8 67 5 16 7 , F C# C CE F C6 7D D B 5 F5F D6. 2 D5E B4 7C 67 5BD7CDBA 9C FC C 799 E.

* 6 5 42 5 BD79! A, 97 5 A 7ABA BCD, 54#97 F549AD8 B4C C C"BD A.

1.36 653 F6 5 F7 +4D 7 36E 799 5 97 #C9 C 7 EC9D5.

2 123 Ethernet BC BD79! F 5BE7D 7 D BC 67, F 5 5 A C F5 67974 B A . % D5E 4A 67# 5 5 67 7 F 5 C ACDBA, ECCD 4 59 5F BD E 4 9 (9C EC9CC 64 7"D), D5 CBD8 9C A 4ACDBA 4 59 7 EC9D5E, F5 5# C99 E 6544 C".

2.36E23 7 7 32 7 F54 7DC4A.

3B4 67 799 9C A 4ACDBA 7 EC9D5E, F 9 E7 7A BD79! A F 5 C ACD 7 CB F54 7DC4A 67 7, D5 5F C C4 D8, B4C CD 4 5 7 7D 7D8 67.

202

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

3B4 67 7 CB5 79 7995" BD79!, A 4ACDBA 565 C 7DC489 E 4 ECCD B55D CDBD " FF5 5" 7 CB, BD79! A F 5 C ACD !C45BD95BD8 67 7.

3. 36E23 7 286 5A6 54 7 37 799.

*4A D5 5, D5 C#7D8 5 7 5D6 B67#C99 F FC C 7 C F5 67974 4 9C65 C6D95 B 5 E 5 799 97 FC C 7 C" BD79! 67 5, F 9 E7 7A BD79! A 54#97 F 5 C D8:

•84A 7 37: CB4 67 4 99CC 1518 7"D, 59 B D7CDBA FC CF549C99 E; FC CF549C99 C 67 E5 D F5A 4AD8BA C 48D7DC 9C BF 7 95BDC" BCDC 5 5 7" C 7;

•6A53689A F6 82 6E75289A6 59 7 37 B F5E5 8 ! 64 CB65 5

D5 95 5 65 7;

•CB4 659D 54897A F5B4C 5 7DC4895BD8 9C65 C6D97, F 5 C ACDBA EB37EA2AA6 59 7 37: BC 67 54#9 B5 C #7D8 !C45C B45 7"D (97F EC, 9C 122,5 7"D).

3B4 659D 54897A F5B4C 5 7DC4895BD8 67 7 9C65 C6D97, 95 67 B5 C # D !C45C B45 7"D (65 C6D95 5 9C9), B D7CDBA, D5 ECCD ECBD5 5 67 659D 54895" F5B4C 5 7DC4895BD.

076 E 5 7 5E, F 5 C 67 67 7 F 9 E7 C" BD79! C" 764 7CDBA5F C C4C9:

•A 4ACDBA 4 67 7 EC9D5E;

•9C B4 65E 4 C4 67 C 5 4 97;

•5 5 97 4 C 5 659D 54897A F5B4C 5 7DC4895BD8;

•65 C6D95 4 59 5 9C9.

3B4 6767A-4 5 F 5 C 67 7 C 47B8 9C 7 C", 67 9 D5#7CDBAC 5 B5 C # E5C 9C FC C 7CDBA 4A 5 7 5D6 F 5D5654 BCDC 5 5 5 9A.

4. 37 65 7 7 37.

&7, BFC 95 F 5 C " BC F 5 C 6, B D7CDBA 65 C6D9 E, F 7 4895 B 5 E 5 799 E EC E 5F BD E 4 9. 0765" 67 5B 5 5# 7CDBA 5D 7 545 67 659!C 67, 7 C 5 B5 C # E5C FC C 7)DBA 4A 7489C" C" 5 7 5D6 F 5D5654 BCDC 5 5 5 9A.

3B4 BD79! A 65 C6D95 F5 64 C97 6 BCD, 5 47 7CD BF 7 9 E 67 D7E D 79B C 7E, D5 597 54#97 F 9 E7D8 FC C 7 7D8 65 C6D95 B 5 E 5 799 C 67 799. *4A F 5 C 6 7 5D5BF5B5 95BD BCD BF548 DBA 7974 7D5 F 5D56545, 65D5 C 5 CBFC 7 D F 5 C 6 67 CBD 7 B A B5 BD79! AE B 7"4-BC C 5E. *4A D5 5 BF548 DBA BFC! 7489 C 7 95BD CB6 C 67 C 565 C 7DC4895 5 B55 C9 A, 97 7CE5 5 67 5E "F 9-F59", 97 65D5 " 54#9 5D CD D8 BD79! BCD.

3.2.4. 79 9A6 675786 DEF Ethernet

123 Ethernet E5#CD 5 'C 9AD8 BC EC9D, F5BD 5C99 C 97 5B95 C 7 9 D F5 67 C4C": D54BD5 5 4 D5965 5 6576B 74895 5 67 C4A, D5" F7, 54565995-5FD CB65 5 67 C4A. % D5E 654 CBD 5 BC EC9D5 BCD E5#CD F C 7D8 67 7995C 79CC B55D CDBD B F 7 45E «5-4-3»

203

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

97 C9 C 5.	2D5 BCD8 Ethernet,	B5BD5A 7A	BC EC9D5 7 4 95"
CB65"	F 5, 7 5D747	65 C6D95,	9C5 5 E5 F549C9 C

CD C 5B95 9 B45 ":

•654 CBD 5 BD79! " BCD 9C 54CC 1024;

•E76B E74897A 4 97 67# 5 5 BC EC9D7 9C 54CC C4 9, 5F C C4C995" B55D CDBD CE BD79 7 DC CB65 5 5 9A (500 E

185	E –	B55D CDBD C995 4A D54BD5 5 D5965 5 6576B 74895 5 67 C4A;
100	E –	4A 9C 6 79 5 7995" D5" F7; 2000 E – 4A 5FD5 54565995 5
67 C4A);

•CEA 5"95 5 5 5 5D7 B 9747 (Path Delay Value, PDV) EC# EA B7E E 74C99 E 5D 7 BD79! AE BCD 9C 54CC 575 D5 9DC 747;

•B56 7 C9 C EC#67 5 5 5 9DC 747 (Path Variability Value, PVV) F F 5 5# C9 F5B4C 5 7DC4895BD 67 5 C C BC F5 D5 DC4 54#95 D8 9C 548 C, CE 49 D5 9DC 747. 076 676 F 5DF 7 6C 67 5 659C 9 C 4 5 CBFC 7 D 97 74895C EC#67 5 5C 7BBD5A9 C 96 D5 9DC 745, D5 F5B4C F 5 5# C9 A F5 D5 DC4C" 595 54#95 D8 9C EC98 C, CE 96–49=47 D5 9DC 747.

35 4 C9 C D D C 5 79 " 5 CBFC 7CD 65 C6D95BD8 7 5D BCD 7#C DC B4 7A, 65 7 97 7 DBA F 7 47 659 5 79 A, 5F C C4A C E76B E74895C 654 CBD 5 F5 D5 DC4C" 5 4 9 BCD 2500 E.

3.2.4.1. B 48DA 455A C34BCD E

*4A 65 C6D95" 7 5D BCD Ethernet 9C5 5 E5, D5 BD79! BC 7 E5 4 5 97 # D8 6544 , CB4 597 5 9 647 F 5!CBBC FC C 7 67 7. 3B4 BD79! A F C6 7D D F 5B4 79 C B C FC C 7 798 C, CE 6544 A E5#CD F 5 5"D, FC C 7 7CE " 67 CD F5DC A9. %5 D5E FC C 7 7A BD79! A 54#97 5 97 # D8 6544 , 65D574 FC C 799 " C 67, C C 5 D5 5, 676 597 7659 D FC C 7 D5 5 67 7. %5B65486 5 97 747 FC C 7 BC BD79! BCD F 5B4 7 D 67974, D5 6544 A CE B4 7C E5#CD 5 9 69 D8 F FC C 7 C 67 5 EC# 97 54CC 74C99 E 5D 7 BD79! AE BCD. 0767A B D 7! A F567 797 97 B.3.25.

	1	2	3	4	…	N
t1						&N
	&1					t2

t3

6544 A

3.25

2 E5EC9D CEC9 t1 C4 1 97 97CD FC C 7 67 7 &1. %545# E, D5 E5EC9D t2 , 65 7 67 &1 F6#54 5BD 7CD 97 54CC 74)995 5 47 N, F5B4C 9 " 97 97CD FC C 7 67 7 &N. 2 C 48D7DC BD54695 C9 A

204

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

67 5 &1 &N 5 9 67CD 6544 A, 65D5 7A 7BF 5BD 79ACDBA F5 67974E5EC9D t3 5BD 7CD 47 1. 076 E 5 7 5E, B 974 F 5 5 D 7# EC# 97 54CC 74C99 E 5D 7 47E BCD DC C9 C CEC9

TPDV = t3 − t1 , 65D5 5C 97 7CDBA E32 2A2 E6CA6 6 6 63657 (Path Delay Value, PDV).*4A 7BF5 97 79 A D765" 6544 45E 1 9C5 5 E5, D5 E 9 E74895C CEA Tmin FC C 7 67 7 D E 45E 45 548 C

E32 2A4 E6CA6 6 6 63657 TPDV : Tmin > TPDV .

9 E74895C CEA Tmin FC C 7 67 7 B A 795 B E 9 E74895" 4 95" 67 7 lmin F 5F B695" BF5B5 95BD8 679747 B A (

B55D95 C9 CE: T	=	lmin	.
min		C
				T
2 CEA 5"95 5 5 5 5D7					7 B D 5D E76B E74895 5 7BBD5A9 A
				PDV

EC# 97 54CC 74C99 E BD79! AE 123 (4 9 67 C4895" B BDCE)

L B65 5BD 7BF 5BD 79C9 A B 9747 67 C4C v: TPDV = 2L , C B65 5BD8 v

7BF 5BD 79C9 A	B 9747				7 B D 5D D F7 FC C 7 C" B C
5F C C4ACDBA 676	v =	c		( –	B65 5BD8 B CD7).
		2 3

05 7 86E42 6332 5A6 54 ."(, 5 B45 4C995C 9C5 5 E5BD8 5 97 #C9 A BC 5 9 67 BCD 6544 ", F ECD :

lmin > 2L .

C v

%5B4C 9CC 7#C9 C E5#CD BF548 5 7D8BA 4A 5F C C4C9 A E76B E74895 5 7BBD5A9 A EC# 97 54CC 74C99 E BD79! AE 4 4A 5F C C4C9 A E 9 E74895 5 7 EC 7 67 7 F 7 7995E 7BBD5A9:

L <		vlmin		;	lmin	>	2LC		.
		2C						v
5. 17BBE5D E BCD Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet.
% BD8: v = 108 / ;						lmin = 64 7C5 = 512 45 ,
% 5F B69 C BF5B5 95BD BCDC" Fast Ethernet (FE) Gigabit Ethernet
(GE) B55D CDBD C995 7 9: (FE = 108 45 / (GE = 109 45 / .
05 7:
L		<	108 * 512		= 256			L <		108 *512	= 25,6 .
	FE
		2 *108							GE	2 *109

076 E 5 7 5E, 7ECD BCD Fast Ethernet 9C 54#C9 F C 7D8 256 ECD 5, 7 7ECD BCD Gigabit Ethernet – 25 ECD 5.

+ C 95, D5 BD548 E74C986 " 7 EC BCD Gigabit Ethernet 9C E5 5 4CD 5 D8 9 7 7 5D 65, 9 F548 5 7DC4C" BCD.

*4A C4 C9 A 7ECD 7 BCD Gigabit Ethernet 5DA 5 200 E 9C5 5 E5 C4 D8 E 9 E7489 4 9 67 7 5 97 C9 A:

205

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

lmin	>	2LC	=	2 * 200 *109	= 400045 = 5007C5.
		v
			108

2 123 GigabitEthernet, 676 CD F567 795 9 #C, E 9 E74897A 4 97 67 7 C4 C97 5 97 C9 A 512 7"D, D5 F5 54 45 C4 D8 7ECD BCD 5 200 E.

3.2.4.2. !6B"#C 85A A3D 284$3474 4%454C6 (PDV)

*4A F 5 C9 A 7B CD7 PDV 5 95 BF548 DBA BF 7 5 9 C 799 C IEEE, B5 C #7 C 97 C9 A 7 C #C6 7BF 5BD 79C9 A B 9745 F5 D5 DC4A, F CE5FC C 7D 67 7 4 9 CB6 B C 7. 2 D7 4.3.3 F C C9 799 C, 9C5 5 E C 4A 7B CD7 97 C9 A PDV 4A BC CB6 BD79 7 D5 BCDC" Ethernet.

75 ) 5 5 – D5 FC C 7 " BC EC9D. ,7DCE B 974 F 5 5 D C C * 5- + 5 5 5 5 5 D 5 97 54CC 74C995 5 * 2 (F 9 E7 C 5) BC EC9D7. 7EC995 CB8 CE B4 7C F 5 B 5 D BD54695 C9 C 67 5 5 9 67CD 6544 A.

3 67# E BC EC9D5E B A 797 F5BD5A997A 7 C #67, 97 7997A /23 ), 65D5 7A 7 B D D54865 5D D F7 BC EC9D7 5D F545#C9 A BC EC9D7 97 F D B 9747 (4C ", F 5EC# D5 9 " 4 F 7 "). & 5EC D5 5, B 67# E

BC EC9D5E	B A 797		7 C #67		7BF 5BD 79C9 A			B 9747 548		67 C4A
BC EC9D7,	65D5 7A		7 B D 5D		4 9		BC EC9D7	B4ACDBA		F DCE
E95#C9 A CEC9			7 C #6 B 9747 97 5 95E ECD C 67 C4A ( D5
9DC 747) 97 4 9 67 C4A ECD 7.
									17 84		7 3.3
0 F		57 7	4C-	57 7 F 5EC-			57 7 F 7-	,7 C #67	76B E.
BC EC9D7		5 5 BC-		# D5 95 5			5 5 BC-	B C	4 97 BC-
		EC9D7, bt		BC EC9D7, bt			EC9D7, bt	97 1 E, bt	EC9D7, E
10Base-5		11,8		46,5			169,5	0,0866	500
10Base-2		11,8		46,5			169,5	0,1026	185
10Base-T		15,3		42,0			165,0	0,113	100
10Base-FB		-		24,0			-	0,1	2000
10Base-FL		12,3		33,5			156,5	0,1	2000
FOIRL		7,8		29,0			152,0	0,1	1000

17B )D PDV F549ACDBA 4A 97 54CC 74C99 (F5 CEC9 7BF 5BD 79C9 A B 9747) BD79! " BCD 764 7CDBA B4C9 7 C #C6, 95B E 67# E 5D C 65E 67 C4A, B EE 5 79 D 7 C #C6 B 7 7E 4C 5 5, F 5EC# D5 9 F 7 5 5 BC EC9D5. + CC 97 C9 C PDV (B EE7 97 C9 " BC BC EC9D5) 9C 54#95 F C 7D8 575 D5 9DC 745. $D5 97 C9 C F54 C95, B 5 A E 9 E74895" 4 9 67 7 10-EC 7 D95E Ethernet 64 7"D7 F4 B F C7E 47 8 7"D, BC 5 72 7"D7 4 576 D. 34C 5 7DC4895, CEA 5"95 5 5 5 5D7 54#95 D8 EC98 C 57,5 E6B.

206

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

076 676 4C " F 7 " BC EC9D EC D 7 4 9 C C4 9 7 5 5" 7 C #6, 9C5 5 E5 F549 D8 7B CD 7#, F5EC9A F D5 5E 7B )DC ECBD7E 4C " F 7 " BC EC9D BCD.

.7 5B95 C F C BD7 4C99 D7 4.3.3 97 C9 " 7 C #6 ( D5 9DC 747) 7BF 5BD 79C9 A B 9747 F5 67 C4 7B CDC 97 1 ECD E5#95 5!C9 D8 B65 5BD8 7BF 5BD 79C9 A B 9747 F5 67 C4 B55D CDBD C 97 C9 A 65 ! C9D5 7EC 4C9 A (EC98 C9 A B65 5BD FC C 7 B 9747 F5 B 7 9C9 B5 B65 5BD8 B CD7):

• 4A D54BD5 5 6576B 74895 5 67 C4A:

v5 = 1000 106[ / ] ≈ 115,5*106[ / ] = 115500 [ / ] ; 8,66

• 4A D5965 5 6576B 74895 5 67 C4A:

v2 = 1000 106[ / ] ≈ 97,5*106[ / ] = 97500 [ / ] ; 10,26

• 4A D5" F7:

v1 = 1000 106[ / ] ≈ 88500 [ / ] ; 11,3

• 4A 5FD CB65 5 67 C4A:

vF = 1000 106[ / ] = 100000 [ / ] ; 10

k5 = 300000 ≈ 2,6 ; 115500

k2 = 300000 ≈ 3,1; 97500

kT = 300000 ≈ 3,4 ; 88500

kF = 300000 = 3. 100000

3.2.4.3. !6B"#C & A3 'A3D A( 62548474 D3CA586 6 (PVV)

*4A D5 5 D5 5F C C4 D8 65 C6D95BD8 F5BD 5C9 A E95 5BC EC9D95" BCD, 9C5 5 E5 7BB D7D8 EC98 C9 C EC#67 5 5 5 9DC 747 F5 D5 DC4AE F FC C 7 C 67 5 BCD, D5 CBD8 C4 9

PVV.

*4A 7B CD7 PVV BF548 DBA C65EC9 5 799 C 9BD D D5E IEEE F C C489 C 97 C9 A ( D5 9DC 747), 5F C C4A C EC98 C9 C EC#67 5 5 5 9DC 747 F F 5 5# C9 F5 D5 DC4C" 7 4 9CB6 B C. $D 97 C9 A 4A FC C 7 F 5EC# D5 9 BC EC9D5 F C C9 D7 4.3.4.

3 EE7 D C4 9 7CD 97 C9 C PVV, 65D5 5C 54#95 D8 EC98 C F C C4895 5 97 C9 A 49 D5 9DC 747.

		17 84	7 3.4
0 F BC EC9D7	%C C 7 " BC EC9D,	% 5EC# D5 9 "
	bt	BC EC9D, bt
10Base-5 4	16	11
10Base-2
10Base-FB	-	2
10Base-FL	10,5	8
10Base-T	10,5	8

207

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

3.2.5. %2A#65 942 256 6 39C 9 C56 79A5C DEF Ethernet

2 67 CBD C F567 7DC4C" F 5 5 DC4895BD B C FC C 7 799

123 Ethernet BF548 DBA B4C C C4 9:

•2 D3748 D 2D2 72DE6 347454 D98 C ( [D/B], 5F C C4ACE7A 676 F C C4897A B65 5BD8 FC C 7 799;

•25F 748 (%&&F3EC9748) 2 D3748 D 2D2 72DE6 347454 D98 C

CF [D/B], 5F C C4ACE7A 676 F C C4897A B65 5BD8 FC C 7 799

F548 5 7DC4A C CD7 FC C 7 7CE B4 #C 9 B E 545 7 545 67 659!C 67 C CD7 5 E5#9 F 5BD5C 679747 6544 ";

• F456748 (&43ECBFD348) D32 2DE6 F F 4BC 477A C 3 [D/B],

5F C C4ACE7A B CD5E 5 E5#9 F 5BD5C 679747 6544 ";

• 2 D3748 D 2D2 72DE6 D F A F F 4BC Λ [67 5/B],

EC ACE7A 654 CBD 5E 67 5, FC C 7 7CE 7 C 9 ! CEC9. 2 F549 E 7B )D FC C B4C99 7 76DC BD 6 F EC9 DC4895 6

123 Ethernet B F 5F B695" BF5B5 95BD8 (=10 D/B.

+F C C4 E F36F A F6 6 A6 59 Λ [67 5/B] 32 B F232 7#4

4A 67 5 E 9 E74895" (B.3.26,7) E76B E74895" (B.3.26, ) 4 9.

2)	Tmin=67,2 E6B

7"D:	8	14	46	4	96 bt
	%	&7min			&7	%
					7"D:	8

&7max

14

1500

4

&7	%	&7
96 bt		t

/) Tm7=1230,4 E6B

3.26

924 26% ) 46 B F C7E 45":

Lmin = 87C5(F327 87) + 64 7C57(7 3) = 72 7C57* 8 45 = 57645; Tmin = 57645* 0,1 = 57,6 + 9,6 (2% 7 3.4A523E78) = 67,2 ;

Λmax = 1/ 1min 14880 7 36E / .

924 2! 26% ) 46 B F C7E 45":

Lmax = 8 7C5(F327.) + 1518 7C5(7 3) = 1526 7C5*8 45 = 12208 45;

Tmax = 12208 45* 0,1 = 1220,8 + 9,6 ( 2% 7 3.4A5.) = 1230,4 ;

Λmin = 1/ Tmax 813 7 36E / .

076 E 5 7 5E, 10-EC 7 D95" BCD Ethernet C )D7 5 E5#9 6544 " 7 4 789A6 E5#CD D8 FC C 795 7 5 9 BC6 9 5D 813 !24 (E76B E74895" 4 9) 5 14 880 !24 (E 9 E74895" 4 9).

+DB 7 4C 65 5F C C4 D8 F54C 9 (C6D 9) F 5F B69 BF5B5 95BD8 65 ! C9D BF548 5 79 A 679747 B A F FC C 7 C 67 5 E 9 E74895" E76B E74895" 4 9:

208

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

	(	min	= 14880* 46 *8 = 5,48 ' 45/ ;		k	min	=	Cmin			= 0,548;
									C
	(	max	= 813*1500*8 = 9,76 ' 45/ ;		k	max	=		Cmax		= 0,976.
									C
	%54 C99 C			97 C9 A F567 7DC4C"					F 5 5 DC4895BD
	65 ! C9D7 BF548 5 79 A 679747 B A 9C D 7 D F36 564 254
	5 9 67 C F			FC C 7 C 799 6884 44, 97 DC4895 B9 #7 C
	C7489 F 5F B69 BF5B5 95BD8 123 Ethernet.

3.2.6. &9A59C7A5 2 C 76 9A5254C DEF Ethernet

2 67 CBD C 5BD5 9BD 123 Ethernet B4C CD 5DECD D8:

•F36 565 57A6E 4 4 $F8 757 44;

•A2EB 6 564 6 59 32784 7 44, 6 86E82AA F 5BD5D5" 9C B565" BD5 E5BD8 BCDC 7 7FDC 5 659!C9D 7D5 5;

•5 E5#95BD8 BF548 5 79 A 37 84#ABD 54F6E 7 28! B CE F 5647 6 67 C4895" B BDCE.

& 9C 5BD7D67E BCD Ethernet E5#95 5D9CBD:

•BA4%2A42 32789A6C 636 54 FC C 7 799 B 4895 7 #C995" BCD, F45D8 5 CC F5495" 5BD795 6;

•D3 A6 54 F64 7 A24 F37EA6 52C: F 5 C 67 C4A 5D67 7CD CB8 BC EC9D 123 45674 5 7D8 9C BF 7 9 " C4 4 7BD56 BCD 5BD7D5 95 B45#95.

3.3. D7F8 8F 828F 47 48 8933 Ethernet

%C E B565B65 5BD9 E DC 9545 AE 4A FC C 7 799 F5 BCD Ethernet B5 B65 5BD8 100 D/B 4 C 6596 C DC 9545 – Fast Ethernet 100VG-AnyLAN.

3.3.1. Fast Ethernet

Fast Ethernet (#ADE A Ethernet) – B565B65 5BD97A DC 9545 A, F C 45#C997A E5" 3Com 4A C74 7! BCD Ethernet B5 B65 5BD8 FC C 7 799 100 D/B, 6D37A4E 7! E 7 4 789A6C 52F2A4

5B5 C995BD 10-EC 7 D95 5 Ethernet (Ethernet-10) C74 5 7997A C BD79 7 D7 802.3u.

+B95 95" !C48 F 7 7 5D6C DC 9545 Fast Ethernet 45 5 CBFC C9 C F CCEBD C995BD F5 5D95 C9 6 10-EC 7 D95E Ethernet 7

B )D B5 79C9 A 5 E7D7 67 5 ECD5 7	5BD F7 CSMA/CD, D5
F5 54ACD BF548 5 7D8 F C#9CC F 5 7EE95C 5 CBFC C9 C B C BD 7
F 7 4C9 A BCDAE Ethernet. + 9 E	D C 5 79 " 45 D76#C

BF548 5 79 C 67 C4895" B BDCE 97 5B95 C D5" F7 67DC 5 3, F54 C" 97 E5EC9D F5A 4C9 A Fast Ethernet 565C 7BF 5BD 79C9 CBCDA Ethernet-10. 2 B A B D E BC 5D4 A Fast Ethernet 5D Ethernet-10

B5B C 5D5 C9 97 CB65E 5 9C.

2Fast Ethernet F C BE5D C9 3 7 79D7 7 289ABD 4 52:

•E95 5E5 5 " 2+& (BF548 CDBA 2 545697);

209

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF 6F 56ABC5 5 F

•D7A F7 7 67DC 5 5 (BF548 CDBA 2 F7);

•D7A F7 7 67DC 5 3 (BF548 CDBA 4 F7).

(53 5 37 BCD – C 7 CB67A C 5 97A, F5BD 5C997A 97 659!C9D 7D5 7 (676 10Base-T 10Base-F), F5B65486 9C F C BE7D 745B8 BF548 5 79 C 6576B 74895 5 67 C4A.

* 7ECD BCD Fast Ethernet, 676 F567 795 F.3.2.5, B5BD7 4ACD 9CE95 E 54CC 200 ECD 5, D5 5 'AB9ACDBA EC98 C9 CE CEC9 FC C 7 67 7 E 9 E74895" 4 9 10 7 C 48D7DC C4 C9 A F 5F B695" BF5B5 95BD 679747 10 7 F5 B 7 9C9 B Ethernet-10. 0CE 9C EC9CC, 5 E5#95 F5BD 5C9 C 6 F9 BCDC" 97 5B95 C DC 9545 Fast Ethernet, 47 5 7 A F5A 4C9 97 74C 90- 5 5 F 5 45 5 C67 65EE D7D5 5. % BF548 5 79 65EE D7D5 5 F 5D5654 Fast Ethernet E5#CD 7 5D7D8 F5495 F4C6B95E C# EC, 65D5 5E 9CD 5 79 C9 " 97 5 4 9 BCD, 7 5BD7 DBA D54865 5 79 C9 A 97 4 9 CB6 BC EC9D5, B5C 9A B5BC 9 C BD 5"BD 7 (7 7FDC – 65EE D7D5 4 65EE D7D5 – 65EE D7D5).

3D79 7 D IEEE 802.3u 5F C C4ACD 3 BFC! 67! CB65 5 5 9A Fast Ethernet, 9CB5 ECBD E B 5E:

•100Base-0X – 4A FC C 7 799 BF548 DBA C 9C 6 79 5 799 C F7 UTP 67DC 5 5 4 STP Type 1;

•100Base-04 – 4A FC C 7 799 BF548 DBA CD C 9C 6 79 5 799 F7 UTP 67DC 5 " 3, 4 4 5;

•100Base-FX – 4A FC C 7 799 BF548 DBA 7 545697 E95 5E5 5 5 5 2+&.

3.3.1.1. EFA D D 6 DD 100Base- X D 100Base-FX.

0C 9545 100Base-0X 100Base-FX, 9CBE5D A 97 BF548 5 79 C 7 9 67 C489 B BDCE, EC D E95 5 5 C 5 B D5 6 C9 A F5BD 5C9 A96! 59 5 79 A, D5E B4C, 5 9765 " ECD5 45 CB65 5 65 5 79 A – 4 2/52 F 7 4 9 ECD5 7 CB65 5 65 5 79 A –

MLT-3 100Base-TX NRZI 100Base-FX.

& 5EC D5 5, DC 9545 100Base-TX ECCDBA 96! A 7 D5FC C 5 5 5, 5 CBFC 7 7A 7 D5E7D CB65C 5F C C4C9 C B65 5BD FC C 7 (10 4 100 D/B) EC# EA B A 799 E BD 5"BD 7E (3(, 659!C9D 7D5, 65EE D7D5) F DCE F5B 46 F F5 64 C9 F7 6 BFC! 7489 EF 48B5 FLP – Fast Link Pulse burst – B5 BD5 59 BD 5"BD 7, 65D5 5C E5#CD 7 5D7D8 97 B65 5BD 100 D/B. 3B4 BD C 95C BD 5"BD 5 9C 5D64 67CDBA 97 D EF 48B, D5 5 97 7CD, D5 595 E5#CD 7 5D7D8 D54865 97 B65 5BD 10 D/B, FC 5C BD 5"BD 5 BD797 4 7CD C# E FC C 7 799 10 D/B.

3.3.1.2. EFA D D 6 D 100Base- 4.

& E5EC9D F5A 4C9 A Fast Ethernet 548 9BD 5 123 Ethernet 67 CBD C 67 C4895" B BDCE BF548 5 74 9C 6 79 5 799 D F7 67DC 5 3. 8C479 C B5 79 D8 67 C489 B BDCE 10-EC 7 D9 123

210