687983_a1d9b_aliev_t_i_seti_evm_i_telekommunikacii

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

9:

• BE87673D 5B D5B 7 B C 2B C 7 CC – 5B 527D 5 3236C 3 A7 6B1B ECDB5B1B C D325787 A 835B BD3 C78 8 CD 2C 7AB

(D2BEB) 68 C 2B C 7 CC 47 B5 2C CA7.

54 2:

•78C4C3 D23 2B5 3 C1 787, 4DB D23E 3D 538C43 C BF B DC 32367D4CA7 68 BE3 343 C 6B DB532 B DC 2C3 7 C, A7A 836 D5C3, EB89 7 DBC B D9 2378C 7 CC;

•3AD2 C1 787 C23, 43 BD3 C789 AB6B5; D7A, 2C 3236743 5 3 83 C8C 36C C 47 DBD7 B B5 B 172 B CAC AB67 E 63D 275 7 7 7, 4DB 5 657 27 7 5 3 B B5 B 172 B CAC AB67 NRZ.

5-7 8C AB C2BAB1B 3AD27 EC B8 2 C 89 AB6 C B89 3D 236AB.

2.3.3.5. #CD5A F657 E5 CF5 26C7 3 2AB47F624C 65 C6 7F3C7 (AMI)

+6 B C B6C CA7 C 3DB67 RZ 58 3D 3DB6 D6 8 D D CD4 8DB2 9 26 A58 2A B D B589 5 (Bipolar Alternate Mark Inversion, AMI), 5 ABDB2B C B89 D D2C 2B5 BD3 C787 – B8B CD389, 835B C BD2C 7D389 (2C.2.32,5). #5BC4 «0» AB6C2 3D 835 BD3 C78B, 7 65BC4 7 «1» – 8CEB B8B CD389 BD3 C78B, 8CEB BD2C 7D389, 2C &DB BD3 C78 836 F3 36C C 2BDC5B B8B 3

BD3 C78 236 6 F3.

9 2:

•8CA5C6C2 3D 2BE83 7 B DB B B D758 F3 C BD D D5C 7 B C 2B C 7 CC 2C 3236743 46 D9654DB2A56 D9A5 54,

B AB89A C1 78 5 &DB 8 473 236 D758 3D BEB B 836B57D389 B D9 27 B B8 2 C 89 B5 D3 3 3AD2B, 4DB C AB67 NRZ, 32367 F31B 43236 FC3 8C C 36C C, DB 3 D9 47 DBDB B B5 B 172 B CAB 7;

•5 38B, C B89 B57 C3 AB67 AMI 2C5B6CD A EB833 AB 3AD2 C1 787, 43 68 AB67 NRZ, 7 74CD C A EB833 5 BAB 2B A B B BE B DC A7 787 5 C, 5 47 D B DC, 2C 3236743 43236 FC 36C C C 83 47 DBD7 B B5 B 172 B CAC 7;

•236B D758 3D 5B B B D9 27 B 757D9 B CEB4 3 C1 78 2C 72 3 CC 43236B57 C B8 2 B DC C1 78B5; C1 78 3AB223AD B

B8 2 B D9 7 573D 32 85 5 E 9 26DE.

54 2:

•78C4C3 D2 2B5 3 C1 787, 4DB D23E 3D 538C43 C BF B DC 32367D4CA7;

•78C4C3 B DB B B D758 F3 5 C1 783 5 8 473 68C B 836B57D389 B D3 83.

111

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

2.3.3.6. 5476 C2AB6 E5 3 C6 7F3C7 DFC 7 C6C 7

(NRZI)

"DA5 26 CD4 9 B589 5 8 54 5 (Non Return to Zero with ones Inverted, NRZI) B B 7 AMI, B C 33D DB89AB 657 2B5 C1 787. "2C 3236743 8 B 323673D BD3 C78, ABDB2 E 8 D7 B583 5 236 6 F3 D7AD3, 7 2C 3236743 36C C BD3 C78 3 3D 7 2BDC5B B8B.

2.3.3.7. $26 7347F3EC E5

% 8BA789 3D (*%! Ethernet C Token Ring) 6B 3675 31B 523 3 C 2C 3 8 E2 59A589C CD4 (2C.2.32,1), 5 ABDB2B 68 AB6C2B57 C 65BC4 36C C C 83 C B89 3D 323 B6 C1 787 5 3236C 3 A7 6B1B ECDB5B1B C D325787:

•«1» AB6C2 3D 323 B6B BD 5 BAB1B 2B5 C1 787 A C AB;

•«0» – BE27D 323 B6B BD C AB1B 2B5 C1 787 A 5 BAB. 4 8C 67 3 B632 7D B62 6 3 AB89AB 36C C C8C 83, DB 5

74783 A7 6B1B ECDB5B1B C D325787 2BC B6CD 6B B8 CD389

8 3E 323 B6 C1 787.

9 2:

•BE87673D 5B D5B 7 B C 2B C 7 CC, D7A A7A 743 C3 BD3 C787 5 AC 27 C 3 3D 5 3236C 3 ECDB5B1B C D325787, 4DB B 3D 8 CD9 C1 78B 68 C 2B C 7 CC 2C CA7 32367D4CAB;

•C 33D DB89AB 4B2 F8DB BD3 C787;

•3AD2 7 43 D32 AB1B AB67 E5 %5, 43 EC B8 2 B1B C 89 B1B, 5 236 3 5 1,5 27 7: B B5 7 172 B CA7 2C 3236743

B 836B57D389 B DC 36C C C8C 83 C 33D 47 DBD	f0		=		1	7, 7 2C
					C
3236743 43236 FC 36C C C 83 B 7 275 7 f0	=		1	7, A7A C
		2C

AB67 NRZ;

•3D B DB B B D758 F3.

54 2:

•3AD2 C1 787 C23, 43 AB67 NRZ C AB67 AMI.

2.3.3.8. %C 7F76 C2AB6 826 7347F3EC E5

$9 2E28B9A3 8 C8C 823 D9A 6A8 2 2E 49 45F

C B89 3D 5 3D Token Ring (D7 672D 802.5) C FDDI C 236 D758 3D BEB 27 B5C6 B D9 7 43 D32 AB1B AB67 65 2B5 C BD3 C787:

•«0» AB6C2 3D C 3 3 C3 BD3 C787 5 74783 ECDB5B1B C D325787;

•«1» – B 27 3 C3 236 6 F31B 2B5 BD3 C787.

% 3236C 3 A7 6B1B ECDB5B1B C D325787 BE 7D389 B 2C D D5 3D 323 B6 B6 B1B 2B5 BD3 C787 7 62 1B (2C.2.32,6).

112

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

2.3.3.9. &5 4F7 9F5 67 5 D7F7 2 C MLT-3

,B6 D23 2B5 35B 323674C MLT-3 (Multi Level Transmission-3)

C 33D B1B BEF31B AB6B AMI. 46C C 3 BBD53D D5 3D D9654DB2A56 323 B6 7 127 C 3 ECDB5B1B C D325787 B6 B1B 2B5 C1 787 7 62 1B. "2C 3236743 83 C1 78 3 3 3D (2C. 2.32,3).

37A C 789 7 47 DBD7 C1 787 6B DC173D 2C 3236743 68C B B 836B57D389 B DC 36C C. % &DB 8 473 C 3 3 C3 2B5 C1 787 2BC B6CD B 836B57D389 B B6 B1B 2B5 7 62 1B 43DB 236 6 F31B 323 B67.

MLT-3 C B89 3D 5 3D FDDI 7 B B53 36 2B5B6B5, C 53 D A7A CDDI, C Fast Ethernet D7 672D7 100Base-TX B5 3 D B

C E DB4 3DB6B 8B1C43 AB1B AB6C2B57 C 4%/5%.

54 2:

•BD D D5C3 5B D57 7 B C 2B C 7 CC;

•78C4C3 D23 2B5 3 C1 787;

•78C4C3 B DB B B D758 F3 5 C1 783 5 8 473 68C B B 836B57D389 B DC 83.

2.3.3.10. 4C9F5 67 E5 PAM-5

% DC 2B5 35B AB63 PAM-5 C B89 3D 5 2B5 3 7 8CD 6 C1 787 C 65 ECDB5B3 AB6C2B57 C3 (2C.2.32, ), B 747 F33 78C4C3 43D 2 2B5 3, BBD53D D5 FC 65 ECD7 32367573 67: 00, 01, 10, 11, DB 3 D9 5 B6 B ECDB5B C D325783 32367 D 27 657 ECD7. " D 2B53 9 6BE7583 68 B 67 C C E DB4 B DC AB67, C B89 3 B1B

68 C 27583 C B CEBA.

9 2:

• 2C B6 B DB 3 AB2B DC B6 8 CC (68CD389 B DC ECDB5B1B C D325787) B A7 78 5 C B B 3236757D9 67 3 5 657 27 7 E D233 B 275 3 C AMI C8C NRZI, D7A A7A 5 B6 B ECDB5B C D325783 32367 D 27 657 ECD7.

54 2:

•68C 3 B 836B57D389 B DC B6C 7AB5 72 ECD 2C5B6 D A B 583 C 5 C1 783 B DB B B D758 F3;

•78C4C3 4- 2B5 3 D23E 3D EB89 3 BF B DC 32367D4CA7, 4DBE 2B5 C 43DAB 27 8C478C 9 2C3 CAB 7 B 3 B 3.

,B6 PAM-5 C B89 3D 5 3D 1000Base-T (Gigabit Ethernet).

2.3.4. 5E9 2 452 45 9 5 A892

D (5 5 4 & 2 5 236 7 743 B 68 8 4 3 C BD3 C789 AB6B5 DC 7 AMI, NRZI C8C MLT-3 C 7 27583 B 7 8CA5C67 C 68C B 836B57D389 B D3 36C C C8C 83, 2C5B6 FC A B DB B BD3 C78.

#8 8 4 3 C BD3 C789 AB6B5 C B89 D 657 B BE7:

113

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

•C E DB4 B3 AB6C2B57 C3;

•A23 E8C2B57 C3.

+E7 B BE7 BD B D A 8B1C43 AB, 7 3 C C43 AB AB6C2B57 C, D7A A7A B C 3 B 23638 D B2 C1 78B5.

2.3.4.1. ! 45 657 E5 CF5 26C7

"2C 3$( 4 & 2 C B6 65BC4 AB6 27 7D2C573D A7A B5BA B D9 C 5B8B5, 236 D758 FC BEB B 836B57D389 B D9 3 AB89AC ECDB5, A7 6 C ABDB2 7 3 3D B5 C 5B8B, B632 7FC EB89 33 AB8C43 D5B ECD, 43 C B6.

"2C 327 C 3DB6B5 C E DB4 B1B AB6C2B57 C 58 D 4%/5%

(C B89 3D 5 *%! Fast Ethernet D7 672DB5 100Base- X C 100Base-FX C 5 3DC FDDI), 5%/6% (100VG-AnyLAN), 8%/10% (10GBase-X), 64%/66%

(10GBase-R C 10GBase-W). -A57 «%» 5 7 57 CC AB67 B 7473D, 4DB &83 3 D72 C1 78 C 33D 2 B DB C (BD 7 18C AB1B binary – 65BC4), 7 C 2 A7 57 D, A7AB3 AB8C43 D5B ECD B632 CD 5 B6 B C 5B83 C B6 B1B C 23 89DC2 F31B AB67 BBD53D D53 B. % 47 D B DC, 3DB6 4%/5% B 7473D, 4DB A7 6 3 4 ECD7 5 C B6 B AB63 7 3 D 5- ECD7 C 5 23 89DC2 F3 AB63, DB 3 D9 43D 2 ECD 3 C 5B8

C B6 B1B AB67 7 3 D C 5B87 C, B632 7FC C B 5 ECD. #8 &DB1B C B89 3D 3 C789 7 2$6 "2 5&5 4 & (D7E8.2.1),

D7 758C57 F7 BBD53D D5C3 3 6 C B6 C 43D 2 ECDB5 C C 5B87 C C 23 89DC2 FC C DCECDB5 C C 5B87 C.

			2 6 2 2.1.
*9 D4 5	153F6 A 8F$5	*9 D4 5	153F6 A 8F$5
9 EBD6	9 EBD6	9 EBD6	9 EBD6
0000	11110	1000	10010
0001	01001	1001	10011
0010	10100	1010	10110
0011	10101	1011	10111
0100	01010	1100	11010
0101	01011	1101	11011
0110	01110	1110	11100
0111	01111	1111	11101

,B8C43 D5B 23 89DC2 FC C 5B8B5 EB89 3 AB8C43 D57 C B6 C 5B8B5. 7A, 5 AB63 4%/5% 23 89DC2 FC C 5B8B5 B 3D E D9 25=32, 5 DB 523 A7A C B6 C 5B8B5 DB89AB 24=16. "B&DB 236C 23 89DC2 FC C 5B8B5 B B BDBE27D9 16 D7AC, 8 EB3 B43D7 C3 ABDB2 3 B632 CD 68C B 836B57D389 B D3 83 C8C 36C C (5 6 3 8 473 3 8 C8C 8 36C C). + D789 3 16 C 5B8B5 27 7D2C57 D A7A 32 85 5 5, B 583 C3 ABDB2 B 7473D B CEA 5 32367573 67.

114

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

5 E DB4 B D9 AB67 4B/5B B D758 3D 25% (1/4 =0,25), B AB89A 7 4 C B2 7 CB ECD7 2C B6CD 1 «8C C» C E DB4 ECD. )DB B 7473D, 4DB 23789 7 2B A 7 B BE B D9 A7 787 E 63D 7 25% 3 9 3 B C 789 B. #8 BE3 343 C 767 B 2B A B B BE B DC A7 787 32367D4CA 6B8 3 27EBD7D9 B5 3 B D7ADB5B 47 DBDB. % 47 D B DC, 68 323674C AB6B5 4%/5% B AB2B D9 100 3ECD/ 32367D4CA 6B8 3 27EBD7D9 D7ADB5B 47 DBDB 125 37. "2C &DB 3AD2 C1 787 538C4C573D B 275 3 C B 8 473, AB167 323673D 3 C E DB4 AB6. 3 3 3 33, 3AD2 C E DB4 B1B AB67 3 9 3 3AD27 7 43 D32 AB1B AB67, 4DB B 2756 573D C B89 B57 C3 8B1C43 AB1B

AB6C2B57 C.

9 2:

•AB6 D7 B5CD 7 B C 2B C C2 FC, D7A A7A 232 57 D 68C 3 B 836B57D389 B DC 83 C 36C C;

•C 43 73D B DB 7 B D758 F7, 7 74CD, 73D 3AD2 C1 787;

•B 58 3D 5B B B D9 BE 72 3 C B CEBA 7 4 D 7 23F C 5B8B5;

•2B D7 2378C 7 C 5 5C63 D7E8C 323AB6C2B5AC.

54 2:

•3 9 73D B83 7 2B A 7 B BE B D9 A7 787 5 C, D7A A7A 47 D9 2B A B B BE B DC D27DCD 7 323674 C E DB4 ECD;

•6B B8 CD389 3 523 3 3 7D27D 5 87 3DC 7 2378C 7 C 8B1C43 AB1B AB6C2B57 C.

% 3DC Fast Ethernet D7 672D7 100Base- 4 C B89 3D 3DB6 8B1C43 AB1B AB6C2B57 C 8%/6 D23 B DB C C 23 89DC2 F31B C1 787, 5 ABDB2B 68 AB6C2B57 C 8 ECD (%) C B6 B1B BBEF3 C C B89 3D AB6 C 6 D2BC4 ( ) C 5B8B5, C 3 FC 3 B DB C. ,B8C43 D5B C E DB4, DB 3 D9 7 23F AB6B5: 36–2 8=729–256=473.

2.3.4.2. 'EF78 ACF5 26C7

!A23 E8C2B57 C3 B DBCD 5 23BE27 B57 CC C B6 B1B 65BC4 B1B AB67 B 767 B 781B2CD, B 5B8 F3 C A8 4CD9 68C 3 B 836B57D389 B DC 83 C8C 36C C. 3 C43 AC3 C8C 2B127 3 236 D57, 2378C FC3 767 781B2CD, 7 57 D 4E26%32EA69 (scramble – 578A7, E3 B2 6B4 7 EB2A7). $7 2C B DB2B 3 F2 4E26%32E 5B D7 758C573D C B6 65BC4 AB6.

% A743 D53 781B2CD 7 23BE27 B57 C B 3D 8 CD9 BBD B 3 C3:

Bi = Ai Bi-3 Bi-5 (i = 1, 2,…),

163 Ai, Bi – 743 C i-1B 27 2 67 BBD53D D53 B C B6 B1B C 23 89DC2 F31B AB67; Bi-3 C Bi-5 – 743 C BBD53D D53 B (i-3)-1B C (i-5)- 1B 27 2 67 23 89DC2 F31B AB67; – B 327 C C A8 47 F31B 5*5 (8B 3 C3 B B6 8 2).

115

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

$7 2C 32, 68 C B6 B B 836B57D389 B DC .=110110000001 A23 E832 67 D 836 FC 23 89DC2 FC AB6:

B1 = A1 = 1;

B2 = A2 = 1;

B3 = A3 = 0;

B4 = A4 B1 = 1 1 = 0;

B5 = A5 B2 = 1 1 = 0;

B6 = A6 B3 B1 = 0 0 1 = 1;

B7 = A7 B4 B2 = 0 0 1 = 1;

B8 = A8 B5 B3 = 0 0 0 = 0;

B9 = A9 B6 B4 = 0 1 0 = 1;

B10 = A10 B7 B5 = 0 1 0 = 1;

B11 = A11 B8 B6 = 0 0 1 = 1;

B12 = A12 B9 B7 = 1 1 1 = 1.

7AC BE27 B, 7 5 B63 A23 E8327 B 5CD B 836B57D389 B D9 %=110001101111, 5 ABDB2B 3D B 836B57D389 B DC C 3 DC 83, 2C D D5B575 3 5 C B6 B AB63.

#3 A23 E832 5B D7 758C573D B B57 CC BE27D B1B BBD B 3 C:

Ci = Bi Bi-3 Bi-5

*31AB E36CD9, 4DB Ci = i.

C B6 B 836B57D389 B D9 7

(i = 1, 2,…).

'7 8C4 3 781B2CD A23 E8C2B57 C BD8C47 D AB8C43 D5B 87173, 67 FC C 2 23 89DC2 F31B AB67 C 538C4C B 65C17 3 6 87173 C. 7A, 5 3D ISDN 2C 3236743 67 BD 3DC A 7EB 3 D C B89 3D 23BE27 B57 C3 B 65C17 C 5 5 C 23 B C CC, 7 2C

3236743 67 BD 7EB 3 D7 5 3D9 – B 65C17 C 18 C 23 B C CC.

9:

• 3 3 9 73D B83 7 2B A 7 B BE B D9 A7 787 5 C,

B AB89A BD D D5 D C E DB4 3 ECD.

54 2:

•6B B8 CD389 3 7D27D 5 87 3DC 7 2378C 7 C 781B2CD 7 A23 E8C2B57 C-63 A23 E8C2B57 C;

•3 5 3167 67 D C A8 4CD9 68C 3 B 836B57D389 B DC 83 C

36C C.

2.4. 7 367 B3BB 259EB

"2C B217 C 7 CC AB 9 D32 3D3 C2BAB C B89 D A7E389 3 8C CC 5 C.

A%23 8AC 3989C C 9 (,*!) – 8C C 5 C, B DB F7 C A7E38, A7E389 B 72 7D 2 C A7E389 BB2 3 C (D 38C, AB8B6, 27 23638CD389 3 A7, A7E389 3 DB8E).

A%23 (BD 1B88. kabel – A7 7D, D2B) – B5BA B D9 1CEAC C B8C2B57 2B5B6B5, 7A8 43 5 7FCD (BE 4 B 132 3DC4) BEB8B4A.

116

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

+324 E9 2 49 (62F8) 4A%23 – A7E389 C &83AD2C43 AC

(36) 2B5B6 CAB5 (DBAB 2B5B6 FC C8), 2C 3 3 68 323674C 7 27 DB C3 &83AD2C43 AB & 321CC (9 6DBD C2 56) C8C &83AD2C43 AC C1 78B5 (C2 56 9B 3).

'53545885-5 9 2 49 4A%23 – A7E389 C B DC43 AC 5B8BAB 68 323674C 53DB5B1B BDBA7.

A%23 C 9 236 7 743 68 323674C C B2 7 CC &83AD2C43 AC C C8C B DC43 AC C (53DB5 C) C1 787 C.

7AC BE27 B, A7E389 3 8C CC 5 C 638 D 7 653 EB89 C3 12: &83AD2C43 AC3 ()*!) C 5B8BAB B-B DC43 AC3 (%+*!). C A7E389 8C C 5 C, C B89 3 5 AB 9 D32 3D, 236 D7583 7 2C.2.33.

			E2$56* 5 D7
+65CA8 59C 5 (+,7)				-D6DCD D-D A 59C 5 (-.,7)
%CD7 727	,B7A C789			+6 B B6B5 3		3 B1B B6B5 3
		A7E389
$3&A27 C2B57 7		)A27 C2B57 7			B AC (thin)	B8 D (thick)
(UTP)
		FTP		STP		2.33

2.4.1.!324 9 2 492 4A"23 8F2 39899 C 9

%3D 323674C 67 2C 3 D 836 FC3 DC &83AD2C43 AC A7E383 (2C.2.33):

1) 5CD7 727:

• 3&A27 C2B57 7;

• &A27 C2B57 7;

2) AB7A C789 A7E389:

• DB8 D (thick);

• DB AC (thin).

2.4.1.1. 365 6 7 (A7E4F582 6C46 7 2F2E47FC34CEC (A7E4FC 73EC E2 7A7 3 !C

+ B5 3 &83AD2B 71 CD 3 727AD32C DCAC &83AD2C43 AC A7E383 5 C 236 D7583 7 2C.2.34.

1. ,A 7 A892 (45 9B928 A 7 A89C) – 3 9 3 C3 BF B DC C1 787 (BD32 7 8CD 6) 2C 3236743 3 6 65 DB4A7 C:

117

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

•58 3D B6 B C B B5 727AD32C DCA, 4CD 573 2C 2B3ADC2B57 CC )*! C B 236383 CC 7A C 789 B 68C A7E38 3 6 87 C;

•75C CD BD 47 DBD 32367573 B1B C1 787;

•C 32 3D 5 [6-/ ].

F 5 165 & 2 5 %2&2 5&

87D 7 C3 5 367 .ADC5 B3 B 2BDC583 C3 : AB D9

"323A2 D 3 75B6AC

NEXT FEXT

2.34

2. *6 2FA8 (5B8 B5B3 B 2BDC583 C3) – B8 B3 (7ADC5 B3 C 237ADC5 B3) B 2BDC583 C3 &83AD2C43 AB 3 C:

•C 32 3D 5 + 7 C 58 3D BD B CD389 B B DB B 538C4C B 68 A7E389 C D3 (5 5 BAB AB2B D 3D 75C CD BD 47 DBD);

•23 AC3 C 3 3 C C 367 7 B 68C 3 A7E38 B1 D 5 57D9 2B 3 5 D23 31B BD27 3 C, 2C5B6 FC3 A 5B CA B53 C DB 4C 5B8, 2C &DB D7 C, B6A8 43 7 5E8C C 87 DB 43 5B8, 3 E 63D B8 47D9 7623 B57 3 3 67 3.

3. 2E24E2 8 2 8A 5F49 3 6 5CD C 727 C 2 $6 ) 5 "5

(NEXT – Near End Crosstalk) C 2 426* 5 "5 (FEXT – Far End Crosstalk) – 23 89D7D C D32 323 CC &83AD2B 71 CD C1 78B5

(2C.2.35):

• 743 C NEXT C FEXT 75C D BD 47 DBD 32367573 B1B C1 787;

•43 D6 %5 2$6. 5 743 C3 NEXT (FEXT), D3 8 4 3, D7A A7A 75B6AC 5 B 36 C 2B5B6 CA7 E 6 D 3 9 3;

•C 32 3D 5 6- 2C B 23638 B 47 DBD3.

5 2C.2.35 5C6 B, 4DB 7 E8C 3 AB 3 2B5B6 CA7 (B BD B 3 C A 32367 F3 8) 5 BAC 2B53 9 C1 787, 32367573 B1B BD 87 /1 A 8 /2, 75B6CD 727 CD C1 78 (BA7 7 ADC2B), C A7 7 FC C B2 7 CB (B83) C1 78 5B 5DB2B 2B5B6 CA3, B ABDB2B 32367 D 67 3 BD /2 A /1. 5 2C A7 D7A 3 5C6 B, 4DB 7 6789 3 AB 3 727 CD C1 78 5B 5DB2B 2B5B6 CA3 74CD389 B 3 9 3, B AB89A 5 23 89D7D3 7D 7 C 3 9 3 2B53 9 C B2 7 CB B1B C1 787, 32367573 B1B 5 325B 2B5B6 CA3 BD /1 A /2. ! 4 DB DB1B, 4DB 2B53 9 C B2 7 CB B1B C1 787 5B 5DB2B 2B5B6 CA3 7 «6789 3 AB 3» C 33D 7A C 789 B3 743 C3, B B 6387D9 5 5B6, 4DB 7536 727 CD C1 78 3 74CD389 B C A7 CD C B2 7 CB C1 78. +D 67 836 3D, 4DB NEXT 58 3D EB833 57 B

118

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

727AD32C DCAB, 43 FEXT, D7A A7A 31B 743 C3 5 EB89 3 323 A7 573D 7 A743 D53 323674C C1 78B5.

FEXT

NEXT
/1	/2
-8C C AB 3	#789 C AB 3
	2.35

4.)4 9 852 5 E5 9 32892 – B 2BDC583 C3 &83AD2C43 AB 3 C

B DB B DBA:

• 3 75C CD BD 47 DBD C 5B 27 D73D 538C43 C3 68C A7E38;

• C 32 3D 5 + 7 7 100 .

5.-645 – 5B D5B 3D788C43 AC 2B5B6 CAB5 7A7 8C57D9

&83AD2C43 A & 321C:

• 58 3D 3 387D389 B 538C4C B C 6B8 7 E D9 C C 789 B;

• 5 BAB3 743 C3 AB DC 5 A7E383 2C5B6CD A C A7 3 C C1 787 C B127 C4C573D B8B 2B A7 C 8C CC.

2.4.1.2. C42 D2F2

'9 AC AEA (Twisted Pair – TP ) – C B8C2B57 3 2B5B6 CAC, B 72 B 5CD 3 3 6 BEB C C 789 B 3BE B6C B3 4C 8B 27 7 B 236383 B BD23 A3 68C (2C.2.36,7), 4DB D23E 3D 68 3 9 3 C 323A23 D 75B6BA 3 6 2B5B6 CA7 C, C 7A8 4 3 5 C B8C2 F BEB8B4A.

%CD7 727 – 7 27 2B D27 3	7)
5C6 A7E38 5 D383 B CC. !A2 4C57 C3
2C 3 3D 389 FE5 %5 36F 5	E)
DB %5 DE5 D32 5 D9A A7E38.
$3 AB89AB 5CD 72 (BE 4 B 4 C8C
8), 7A8 4 3 5 BEF 87 DCAB5	2.36
BEB8B4A, BE27 D 2$56* (2C.2.36,E).

! F3 D5 3D 3 AB89AB A7D31B2C 82 4EA89E5 A885 9 5 AE (Unshielded Twisted Pair – UTP ), 2C4 43 5 3 A7D31B2C A7E38, D3 EB89 3 31B B8B 7 2B A7 C.

,7E38C 1- C 2- A7D31B2C C B89 D 68 323674C 234C C 67 7 C AC AB2B D C 3 5A8 43 5 D7 672D 68 323674C 67 5 AB 9 D32 3D.

!D7 672D EIA/TIA-568, 27 27EBD7 American National Standards Institute (ANSI, !6.) B 23638 3D 3 C CA7 CC 68 3- , 4- C 5- A7D31B2C UTP C B2 C2 3D 836 FC3 727AD32C DCAC:

• AB& C C3 D 7D 7 C,

119

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEF C2

•5B8 B5B3 B 2BDC583 C3,

•3 AB D9,

•323 B6 B3 7D 7 C3 7 E8C 3 AB 3 C 62.

$7 2C 32, 68 A7E38 5- A7D31B2CC B 236383 836 FC3 727AD32C DCAC:

•7D 7 C3 – 3 EB833 23,6 6- 7 100 (0,236 6-/ ) 2C 47 DBD3

100 37;

•5B8 B5B3 B 2BDC583 C3 – 3 EB833 100 ++-15%;

•NEXT – 3 3 33 27 6- 2C 47 DBD3 100 37;

•7ADC5 B3 B 2BDC583 C3 – 3 EB833 9,4 + 7 100 ;

•3 AB D9 3 EB833 5,6 0 7 100 .

+4EA89E5 A88AC 9 AC AEA – A7E389, B632 7FC B6 C8C 3 AB89AB 72 A2 43 36 2B5B6B5, 7A8 43 5 C B8C2 F BEB8B4A. ! 72 C A7E389 BA2 D &A27 C2 F3 B 83DAB C 3F3 B6 B C B8C2 F3 BEB8B4AB, 7 4 D 431B 3 9 3 C 8 473D C 8 4 3 7FCF BD &83AD2B 71 CD B 3, 43 3&A27 C2B57 7 5CD7 727. "2C 3 3D 5 3D Token Ring.

)A27 C2B57 7 5CD7 727 B627 638 3D 7 653 27 B5C6 B DC:

•&A27 C2B57 C3 A7 6B 72 C BEFC &A27 B (Shielded Twisted Pair – STP);

•B6 C BEFC &A27 B (Foiled Twisted Pair – FTP).

#8 5 BAB AB2B D 3D3 27 27EBD7 3F3 653 A7D31B2CC 36 B1B A7E38:

•A7D31B2C 6 – BE3 34C573D 27EBD 7 47 DBD3 250 37 C B 3D E D9 2378C B57 7 A7A &A27 C2B57, D7A C 3&A27 C2B57 A7E389;

•A7D31B2C 7 – BE3 34C573D 27EBD 7 47 DBD3 6B 600 37 C C B89 3D &A27 C2B57 C3 A7 6B 72 A7E38 C BEFC &A27.

% D7E8.2.2 2C5363 743 C B8B 2B A7 C 68 27 A7D31B2C B523 3 36 A7E383.

$7CEB833 C2BAB 5 7 DB F33 523 5 8BA789 3D 2C 3 3D &83AD2C43 AC A7E389 A7D31B2CC 5.

2 6 2 2.2

,7D31B2C A7E38	"B8B 7 2B A7 C, 37
3	16
4	20
5	100
6	250
7	600

2.4.1.3.&52E3C2AB6 E2 7AB

5A4 9A3 8 4A%23 (BD 87D. co – B5 3 D B C axis – B 9) – A7E389, 5 ABDB2B 2B5B6 CAC 236 D758 D BEB 2 BB 3D788C43 AC C8C 627, 27 6383 6C&83AD2CAB. ,B7A C789 A7E389 C B89 3D 68 323674C 5 BAB47 DBD C1 78B5 (6B 3 AB89AC 77) C 727AD32C 3D 5 BAB B 3 B 7FCF3 B D9 C 78 7D 7 C3

120