- •A guide to stylistics
- •Contents
- •Foreword
- •Section 1 Stylistics: Introduction into the Field. Cognitive Style. Functional Styles.
- •Chubby tots don’t always shed that baby fat
- •250 Charing cross road london wci
- •10. Define the genre, the functional style and its specific characteristics in the following extracts.
- •11. Use the intensifier with each of the adjectives. The first two have been done as an example:
- •12. Complete the sentences using the adverbs below and a suitable adjective.
- •13. In spoken English, it's possible to emphasize certain parts of a sentence simply by using stress. Which words would you stress in the following sentences to emphasize the information in brackets?
- •Section 2 The Language of Literature as an Object of Stylistics.
- •1. Compare the neutral and the colloquial (or literary) modes of expression:
- •2. Link together the suitable pairs of words making a stylistic opposition:
- •3. A. Which of the following phrases would you use while commenting on someone's features to express a) respect b) amusement c) contempt?
- •4. Analyse the semantic structure of the following words:
- •5. State what connotative component(s) of lexical meaning the following words represent.
- •Section 3 Lexical Means of Expressiveness
- •1. Do a jigsaw task identifying examples of metonymy in the columns. Choose at least 5 cases of metonymy and explain why the original use of a word has turned into a metonymical one.
- •9. Analyse cases of metaphor into the components of its structure.
- •10. A. Identify the trope and its type in the following sentences:
- •11. Indicate the metonymy and the type of metonymical relations.
- •12. State the type and structure of the epithets.
- •13. What trope is used in the following examples?
- •14. A. Concentrate on cases of hyperbole and understatement.
- •15. Before analysing cases of irony look at this definition from a Dictionary of Literary Terms by g.A. Cuddon:
- •Agony Calories
- •16. Define the device used:
- •17. Discriminate between metaphor, simile and personification in the following examples:
- •18. Define the stylistic device and explain what the effect produced by it is based on.
- •19. Identify the tropes in the following Russian examples:
- •Section 4 Stylistic Phraseology. Stylistic Morphology.
- •1. Read the sentences and discuss different ways in which j. Galsworthy refreshes proverbs and sayings by violating phraseological units. What effect is gained by this?
- •2. Analyse various cases of play on words, indicate how it is created and what effect it adds to the utterance.
- •3. Analyse the structure and purpose of creating the author's neologisms:
- •4. Find out and explain the morphological and phraseological devices:
- •Section 5 Stylistic Syntax.
- •1. Specify on the ssm based on Compression.
- •2. Identify the ssm based on Recurrence.
- •3. Keep the conversation going using False Anadiplosis and the counterarguments to make the utterance complete.
- •4. Read the sentences in which the ssm grouped under Inversion are used. Define the type of the inversions.
- •5. Identify the ssm based on Transposition. Analyse the stylistic effect created by them.
- •6. Analyse the syntactic stylistic devices used in the following sentences:
- •Identify the lexical and syntactic stylistic means in the following examples. Specify the function performed by them.
- •8. Specify on all the stylistic devices employed by the authors in the following examples. Identify and analyse the stylistic effect of the devices used.
- •Section 6 Stylistic Phonetics.
- •1. Identify the phonetic stylistic means in the following examples and specify the function performed by them:
- •Section 7 Extracts for Comprehensive Stylistic Analysis.
- •More you can do Do the independent stylistic analysis of the following texts.
- •Exam issues
- •Reading matters in stylistics
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Maria Saans
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Our ref. GF 6 Your ref. 15 March 20__
Dear Maria.
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Tasks and questions:
1. What standards of business letter organization do you know? Enumerate them.
2. Find out in the text of the letter clichés, special terminology and abbreviations which are typically used in business letters.
3. Find out lexical, grammatical and syntactic means which make the text of the letter rather emotional.
10. Define the genre, the functional style and its specific characteristics in the following extracts.
One hundred rural primary schools in Norfolk will close following a decision by Norfolk county council yesterday not to keep such schools with fewer than 60 pupils. (Daily Telegraph, January 28, 1996)
Tsiolkovsky calculated the amount of fuel a rocket needs to break through the resistance of earth's atmosphere. He even calculated the angle at which the rocket must take off and laid down that its guidance and control must be fully automatic. (The History of Space Flight)
Wee Willie Winkie runs through the town,
Upstairs and downstairs in his night gown,
Rapping at the windows, crying through the clock
«Are the children all in bed, for it's past eight o'clock?»
4. Bob: I think I'd much prefer to go in for teaching. Jane: Jolly good!
Bob: Because ... er ... well, you get long holidays.
The time has almost come, ladies and gentlemen, when the Government must ask you – the electors of Great Britain – to renew its mandate. It is as a member of the Government that I stand before you this evening, and the task I have set myself is to review,many things which the Government has achieved since the last General Election and to outline the path which we hope to follow in the future when, as I am confident will be the case, you return us to office with an even greater parliamentary majority.
Music, when soft voices die,
Vibrates in the memory
Odours, when sweet violets sicken,
Live within the sense they quicken.
Rose leaves, when the rose is dead,
Are heaped for the beloved's bed;
And so thy thoughts, when thou art gone,
Love itself shall slumber on. (P.B. Shelly)
7. My Lord,
I have been lately informed, by the proprietor of «The World», that two papers, in which my «Dictionary» is recommended to the public, were written by your Lordship. To be so distinguished is an honour, which, being very little accustomed to favours from the great, I know not well how to receive or in what terms to acknowledge. (Sam. Johnson).
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Dear Sirs,
In connection with your request to start discharging the above cargo first by pumping out bottom layer into barges and then to go on with pumping the rest of the cargo into shore tanks I wish to point out the following. (...)
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked...
11. You know the commands: «Do not murder; Do not commit adultery; Do not steal; Do not bear false witness; Do not cheat; Honour your father and mother».